Animals,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(12), P. 1954 - 1954
Published: June 11, 2023
Due
to
global
warming,
animals
are
experiencing
heat
stress
(HS),
affecting
many
organic
functions
and
species'
survival.
In
this
line,
some
characteristics
of
immune
cells
in
sea
urchins
subjected
short-term
HS
were
evaluated.
Paracentrotus
lividus
adult
females
randomly
divided
into
three
groups
housed
tanks
at
17
°C.
two
these
tanks,
the
temperatures
gradually
increased
up
23
28
Celomatic
fluid
was
collected
after
3
7
days.
The
coelomocytes
morphologically
typed
evaluated
for
their
mitochondrial
membrane
potential
(MMP),
lipoperoxidation
extent
(LPO),
hydrogen
peroxide
content
(H2O2).
Respiratory
burst
induced
by
treatment
with
phorbol
12-myristate
13-acetate
(PMA).
caused
a
significant
change
coelomocytes'
type
distribution.
MMP
°C-group
decreased
both
LPO
only
H2O2
progressively
together
temperature
increase.
detected
all
groups,
but
it
higher
°C
group.
conclusion,
increase
above
comfort
zone
animal
species
affects
possible
impairment
functions.
Small,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
18(35)
Published: Aug. 7, 2022
Abstract
Ocean
acidification
is
considered
detrimental
to
marine
calcifiers,
but
mounting
contradictory
evidence
suggests
a
need
revisit
this
concept.
This
systematic
review
and
meta‐analysis
aim
critically
re‐evaluate
the
prevailing
paradigm
of
negative
effects
ocean
on
calcifiers.
Based
5153
observations
from
985
studies,
many
calcifiers
(e.g.,
echinoderms,
crustaceans,
cephalopods)
are
found
be
tolerant
near‐future
(pH
≈
7.8
by
year
2100),
coccolithophores,
calcifying
algae,
corals
appear
sensitive.
Calcifiers
generally
more
sensitive
at
larval
stage
than
adult
stage.
Over
70%
in
growth
calcification
non‐negative,
implying
acclimation
capacity
acidification.
can
mediated
phenotypic
plasticity
physiological,
mineralogical,
structural,
molecular
adjustments),
transgenerational
plasticity,
increased
food
availability,
or
species
interactions.
The
results
suggest
that
impacts
less
deleterious
initially
thought
as
their
adaptability
has
been
underestimated.
Therefore,
forthcoming
era
research,
it
advocated
studying
how
organisms
persist
important
they
perish,
future
hypotheses
experimental
designs
not
constrained
within
effects.
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
26(1), P. 80 - 102
Published: Oct. 31, 2019
Abstract
Although
cross
generation
(CGP)
and
multigenerational
(MGP)
plasticity
have
been
identified
as
mechanisms
of
acclimation
to
global
change,
the
weight
evidence
indicates
that
parental
conditioning
over
generations
is
not
a
panacea
rescue
stress
sensitivity
in
offspring.
For
many
species,
there
were
no
benefits
conditioning.
Even
when
improved
performance
was
observed,
this
waned
time
within
or
across
fitness
declined.
CGP
MGP
studies
resilient
species
with
tolerant
genotypes
wild
populations
selected
family
lines.
Several
bivalves
possess
favourable
tolerance
phenotypically
plastic
traits
potentially
associated
genetic
adaptation
life
habitats
where
they
routinely
experience
temperature
and/or
acidification
stress.
These
will
be
important
help
‘climate
proof’
shellfish
ventures.
Species
are
naturally
those
broad
range
environmental
conditions
good
candidates
provide
insights
into
physiological
molecular
involved
MGP.
It
challenging
conduct
ecologically
relevant
change
experiments
long
times
commensurate
pace
changing
climate.
As
result,
present
stressors
shock‐type
exposure
at
rates
much
faster
than
projected
scenarios.
With
more
gradual
stressor
introduction
longer
experimental
durations
context
currently
acclimatized
adapted
to,
outcomes
for
sensitive
might
differ.
We
highlight
importance
understand
primordial
germ
cell
development
timing
gametogenesis
respect
exposure.
appears
limited
universal
tool
face
climate,
natural
proxies
future
(upwelling
zones,
CO
2
vents,
warm
habitats)
show
phenotypic
adjustment
beneficial
selection
possible
some
indicating
complex
plasticity–adaptation
interactions.
Frontiers in Zoology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
17(1)
Published: Feb. 17, 2020
Abstract
For
nearly
a
decade,
the
metazoan-focused
research
community
has
explored
impacts
of
ocean
acidification
(OA)
on
marine
animals,
noting
that
changes
in
chemistry
can
impact
calcification,
metabolism,
acid-base
regulation,
stress
response
and
behavior
organisms
hold
high
ecological
economic
value.
Because
OA
interacts
with
several
key
physiological
processes
organisms,
transcriptomics
become
widely-used
method
to
characterize
whole
organism
responses
molecular
level
as
well
inform
mechanisms
explain
phenotypes
observed
OA.
In
past
there
been
notable
rise
studies
examine
transcriptomic
metazoans,
here
we
attempt
summarize
findings
across
these
studies.
We
find
vary
dramatically
their
pH
although
common
patterns
are
often
observed,
including
shifts
ion
metabolic
processes,
calcification
mechanisms.
also
see
examining
organismal
multi-stressor
context,
reporting
synergistic
effects
temperature.
addition,
is
an
increase
use
evolutionary
potential
adapt
conditions
future
through
population
transgenerational
experiments.
Overall,
literature
reveals
complex
OA,
which
some
will
face
more
dramatic
consequences
than
others.
This
have
wide-reaching
communities
ecosystems
whole.
Conservation Physiology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2019
Abstract
Ocean
acidification
(OA),
from
seawater
uptake
of
anthropogenic
CO2,
has
a
suite
negative
effects
on
the
ability
marine
invertebrates
to
produce
and
maintain
their
skeletons.
Increased
organism
pCO2
causes
hypercapnia,
an
energetically
costly
physiological
stress.
OA
alters
carbonate
chemistry,
limiting
available
form
calcium
(CaCO3)
minerals
used
build
The
reduced
saturation
state
CaCO3
also
corrosion
structures.
Global
change
is
accelerating
coastal
driven
by
land-run
off
(e.g.
acid
soil
leachates,
tannic
acid).
Building
maintaining
biomaterials
in
face
changing
climate
will
depend
balance
between
calcification
dissolution.
Overall,
response
environmental
acidification,
many
calcifiers
less
biomineral
so
have
smaller
body
size.
Studies
skeleton
development
echinoderms
molluscs
across
life
stages
show
stunting
effect
OA.
For
corals,
linear
extension
may
be
maintained,
but
at
expense
dense
biomineral.
Conventional
metrics
quantify
growth
need
augmented
characterisation
changes
structure
mechanical
integrity
caused
acidification.
Scanning
electron
microscopy
microcomputed
tomography
tube
worms
sea
urchins
exposed
experimental
(laboratory)
natural
(vents,
run
off)
with
greater
porosity
larger
void
space.
bivalves,
crystal
deposition
more
chaotic
both
ocean
Biomechanics
tests
reveal
that
these
result
weaker,
fragile
skeletons,
compromising
vital
protective
roles.
Vulnerabilities
differ
among
taxa
level.
Climate
warming
potential
ameliorate
some
make
matters
worse.
integrative
morphology-ecomechanics
approach
key
understanding
how
biominerals
perform
climate.
Nanomaterials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(8), P. 1903 - 1903
Published: July 24, 2021
Marine
nano-ecotoxicology
has
emerged
with
the
purpose
to
assess
environmental
risks
associated
engineered
nanomaterials
(ENMs)
among
contaminants
of
emerging
concerns
entering
marine
environment.
ENMs'
massive
production
and
integration
in
everyday
life
applications,
their
peculiar
physical
chemical
features,
including
high
biological
reactivity,
have
imposed
a
pressing
need
shed
light
on
risk
for
humans
Environmental
safety
assessment,
known
as
ecosafety,
thus
become
mandatory
perspective
develop
more
holistic
exposure
scenario
understand
effects.
Here,
we
review
current
knowledge
behavior
impact
ENMs
which
end
up
A
focus
titanium
dioxide
(n-TiO2)
silver
nanoparticles
(AgNPs),
metal-based
massively
used
commercial
products,
polymeric
NPs
polystyrene
(PS),
largely
adopted
proxy
nanoplastics,
is
made.
eco-interactions
molecules
(bio)natural
ones
anthropogenic
pollutants,
forming
eco-
bio-coronas
link
uptake
toxicity
organisms
are
discussed.
An
ecologically
based
design
strategy
(eco-design)
proposed
support
development
new
ENMs,
those
applications
(e.g.,
nanoremediation),
by
balancing
effectiveness
no
humans.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Jan. 28, 2021
Abstract
This
study
investigated
the
effect
of
4-d
acute
thermal
treatments
at
18
°C,
26
°C
(control)
and
34
on
nervous
system
adult
zebrafish
(
Danio
rerio
)
using
a
multidisciplinary
approach
based
behavioural
tests
brain
proteomic
analysis.
The
variations
induced
by
treatment
were
five
different
tests,
novel
tank
diving,
light
dark
preference,
social
mirror
biting,
Y-Maze
which
are
standard
paradigms
specifically
tailored
for
to
assess
their
anxiety-like
behaviour,
boldness,
aggressiveness,
explorative
respectively.
Proteomic
data
revealed
that
several
proteins
involved
in
energy
metabolism,
messenger
RNA
translation,
protein
synthesis,
folding
degradation,
cytoskeleton
organisation
synaptic
vesiculation
regulated
differently
extreme
temperatures.
results
showed
behaviours
increase
compared
those
or
whereas
anxiety-related
signalling
pathways
downregulated.
Moreover,
both
affect
exploratory
behaviour
appears
not
be
modulated
past
experiences,
suggesting
impairment
fish
cognitive
abilities.
is
continuation
our
previous
work
21-d
chronic
same
constant
temperature
level
will
enable
comparison
effects
function
zebrafish.
