Dispersal Reduction: Causes, Genomic Mechanisms, and Evolutionary Consequences

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 35(6), P. 512 - 522

Published: Feb. 22, 2020

Language: Английский

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Rapid adaptation in a fast‐changing world: Emerging insights from insect genomics

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 943 - 954

Published: Nov. 5, 2022

Many researchers have questioned the ability of biota to adapt rapid anthropogenic environmental shifts. Here, we synthesize emerging genomic evidence for insect evolution in response human pressure. These new data reveal diverse mechanisms (single locus, polygenic, structural shifts; introgression) underpinning adaptive responses a variety selective pressures. While effects some impacts (e.g. pollution; pesticides) been previously documented, here highlight startling evolutionary additional processes such as deforestation. recent findings indicate that assemblages can indeed respond dynamically major challenges. Our synthesis also emphasizes critical roles architecture, standing variation and gene flow maintaining future potential. Broadly, it is clear approaches are essential predicting, monitoring responding ongoing biodiversity shifts fast-changing world.

Language: Английский

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Integrating Earth–life systems: a geogenomic approach

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(4), P. 371 - 384

Published: Feb. 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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Wind plays a major but not exclusive role in the prevalence of insect flight loss on remote islands

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 287(1940), P. 20202121 - 20202121

Published: Dec. 9, 2020

Terrestrial species on islands often show reduced dispersal abilities. For insects, the generality of explanations for island flight loss remains contentious. Although habitat stability is considered most plausible explanation, others are frequently highlighted. Adopting a strong inference approach, we examined hypotheses proposed to account prevalence flightlessness in insect assemblages, region long suspected be globally unusual this regard—the Southern Ocean Islands (SOIs). Combining comprehensive faunal inventories, species' morphological information, and environmental variables from 28 SOIs, provide first quantitative evidence that exceptionally prevalent among indigenous SOI (47%). Prevalence which have evolved elsewhere much lower: Arctic (8%), introduced SOIs (17%), (estimated as approx. 5%). Variation numbers flightless genera across best explained by variation wind speed, although (thermal seasonality proxy) may play role. Variables associated with insularity, such size, generally poor predictors flightlessness. The outcomes redirect attention Darwin's hypothesis. They suggest, however, selects through an energy trade-off between reproduction, instead displacement suitable habitats.

Language: Английский

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Reinventing the wheel? Reassessing the roles of gene flow, sorting and convergence in repeated evolution

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30(17), P. 4162 - 4172

Published: June 16, 2021

Abstract Biologists have long been intrigued by apparently predictable and repetitive evolutionary trajectories inferred across a variety of lineages systems. In recent years, high‐throughput sequencing analyses started to transform our understanding such shifts. While researchers traditionally categorized shifts as either “convergent” or “parallel,” based on relatedness the involved, emerging genomic insights provide an opportunity better describe actual mechanisms at play. A synthesis confirms that convergence is predominant driver evolution among species, whereas repeated sorting standing variation major within species. However, data reveal numerous notable exceptions these expectations, with examples de novo mutations underpinning convergent even very closely related lineages, while processes occurred deeply divergent taxa, sometimes via introgression. number found evidence for both occurring different scales taxa. We suggest relative importance versus depends interplay between gene flow populations, phylogenetic involved.

Language: Английский

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Prediction of the Potential Distribution of the Endangered Species Meconopsis punicea Maxim under Future Climate Change Based on Four Species Distribution Models

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1376 - 1376

Published: March 20, 2023

Climate change increases the extinction risk of species, and studying impact climate on endangered species is great significance to biodiversity conservation. In this study, plant Meconopsis punicea Maxim (M. punicea) was selected as research object. Four distribution models (SDMs): generalized linear model, boosted regression tree random forest flexible discriminant analysis were applied predict potential M. under current future climates scenarios. Among them, two emission scenarios sharing socio-economic pathways (SSPs; i.e., SSP2-4.5 SSP5-8.5) global circulation (GCMs) considered for conditions. Our results showed that temperature seasonality, mean coldest quarter, precipitation seasonality warmest quarter most important factors shaping punicea. The prediction four SDMs consistently indicated area concentrated between 29.02° N-39.06° N 91.40° E-105.89° E. Under change, will expand from southeast northwest, expansion SSP5-8.5 would be wider than SSP2-4.5. addition, there significant differences in predicted by different SDMs, with slight caused GCMs study suggests using agreement basis developing conservation strategies improve reliability.

Language: Английский

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Targeted eDNA Metabarcoding Reveals New Populations of a Range‐Limited Stonefly

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Understanding the geographic distributions of rare species can be crucial for conservation management. New environmental DNA (eDNA) technologies offer potential to efficiently document endangered species, but date, such screening has focused largely on vertebrate taxa. Here we use freshwater eDNA assess distribution Maungatua stonefly, Zelandoperla maungatuaensis , a flightless insect previously known from only handful streams draining 4‐km section mountain range in southern Zealand. We analyzed 12 stream localities across range. Screening with commercial COI primers failed detect focal Z. . However, newly designed species‐specific detected this taxon four adjacent east‐flowing contain and two which it had not been detected. Subsequent manual surveys confirmed presence discovered populations, barcoding revealing that they together represent unknown, genetically divergent subclade. Our results illustrate metabarcoding help delineate ranges taxa, highlight importance primer specificity when These findings also have considerable implications companies offering biodiversity health services targeting invertebrates.

Language: Английский

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Genomics Reveals Widespread Ecological Speciation in Flightless Insects

Systematic Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 70(5), P. 863 - 876

Published: Dec. 3, 2020

Recent genomic analyses have highlighted parallel divergence in response to ecological gradients, but the extent which altitude can underpin such repeated speciation remains unclear. Wing reduction and flight loss apparently evolved repeatedly montane insect assemblages been suggested as important drivers of hexapod diversification. We test this hypothesis using a widespread wing-polymorphic stonefly species complex New Zealand. identified over 50,000 polymorphic genetic markers generated across almost 200 Zelandoperla fenestrata specimens newly plecopteran reference genome, reveal between sympatric full-winged wing-reduced ecotypes. Rather than existence single, widespread, flightless taxon (Zelandoperla pennulata), evolutionary data that upland lineages speciated independently from Z. fenestrata. This evolution reproductive isolation local ecotype pairs lack mitochondrial DNA differentiation suggests has recently. A cluster outlier single-nucleotide polymorphisms detected lineages, tightly linked an approximately 85 kb region includes developmental "supergene" doublesex, "island divergence" may play key role rapid speciation. [Ecological speciation; genome assembly; island differentiation; genotyping-by-sequencing; incipient species; plecoptera; wing reduction.].

Language: Английский

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Genotyping‐by‐sequencing for biogeography

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 50(2), P. 262 - 281

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

Abstract Aim Genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) and similar reduced‐representation sequencing methods, such as restriction site‐associated DNA (RADseq), have been revolutionary for genetic analyses in biogeography. However, navigating the many different methodological analytical approaches numerous sources of potential error can be overwhelming. We provide an overview key considerations biogeographical research using GBS, from sample design through data filtering to sharing data, which should particularly assist new users. Taxon All taxa. Location Worldwide. Methods review recent advances GBS compare differences among methods approaches. highlight concerns most relevant research, emphasise practical limitations studies on non‐model organisms. Results vary substantially literature demonstrates need careful study organism hypothesis under investigation. Biogeographical organisms or long‐term sampling are likely face some compared ideal designs. The information recorded published manuscripts often varies. outline a general framework planning undertaking GBS. Main conclusions grown rapidly popularity research. Evaluating, recording justifying decisions throughout workflow—across sampling, library preparation sequencing, identifying samples loci, analyses, data—is crucial improving scientific reproducibility compatibility datasets. This outlines ways improve simplify thereby enhancing our capacity use genomic address broad‐scale questions.

Language: Английский

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Comparative transcriptomic analysis of a wing-dimorphic stonefly reveals candidate wing loss genes

EvoDevo, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Sept. 6, 2019

The genetic basis of wing development has been well characterised for model insect species, but remains poorly understood in phylogenetically divergent, non-model taxa. Wing-polymorphic species potentially provide ideal systems unravelling the secondary reduction. Stoneflies (Plecoptera) represent an anciently derived assemblage which polymorphism unclear. We undertake quantitative RNA-seq sympatric full-winged versus vestigial-winged nymphs a widespread wing-dimorphic New Zealand stonefly, Zelandoperla fenestrata, to identify genes involved and loss. Our analysis reveals substantial differential expression wing-development between stonefly ecotypes. Specifically, 23 clusters showing significant similarity Drosophila development-related their pea aphid orthologues, nine were significantly upregulated ecotypes, whereas only one cluster (teashirt) was substantially ecotype. These findings suggest remarkable conservation key pathways throughout 400 Ma evolution. finding that two Juvenile Hormone pathway supports hypothesis may play role modulating polymorphism, as previously suggested other lineages.

Language: Английский

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