Iso/Anisohydry: A Plant–Environment Interaction Rather Than a Simple Hydraulic Trait

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 112 - 120

Published: Dec. 6, 2017

Language: Английский

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A unified framework of plant adaptive strategies to drought: Crossing scales and disciplines

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 2929 - 2938

Published: Jan. 19, 2018

Plant adaptation to drought has been extensively studied at many scales from ecology molecular biology across a large range of model species. However, the conceptual frameworks underpinning definition plant strategies, and terminology used different disciplines are not analogous. 'Drought resistance' for instance refers responses as maintenance growth productivity in crops, survival recovery perennial woody or grassland Therefore, this paper aims propose unified framework adaptive strategies based on revised order enhance comparative studies. Ecological encapsulate multidimensional variation resource variability but cannot account dynamic short-term fluctuations water availability. Conversely, several physiological have identified along mono-dimensional gradient availability given environment. According terminology, dehydration escape, avoidance, tolerance, dormancy, desiccation tolerance clearly distinguishable. Their sequential expression is expressed deficit increases while cavitation proposed here be major hydraulic strategy vascular plants. This continuum can interpreted context ecological trade-off between water-acquisition vs. water-conservation, since associated with fast use under moderate after cessation slow severe drought. Consequently, distinction 'drought survival', emphasized crucial ensure correct interpretation 'knowing when grow' does confer may well survival'. proposal should improve cross-fertilization help tackle increasing worldwide challenges that poses adaptation.

Language: Английский

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Adjustments and coordination of hydraulic, leaf and stem traits along a water availability gradient

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 223(2), P. 632 - 646

Published: Jan. 13, 2019

Trait variability in space and time allows plants to adjust changing environmental conditions. However, we know little about how this is distributed coordinated at different organizational levels. For six dominant tree species northeastern Spain (three Fagaceae three Pinaceae) quantified the inter- intraspecific of a set traits along water availability gradient. We measured leaf mass per area (LMA), nitrogen (N) concentration, carbon isotope composition leaves (δ13 C), stem wood density, Huber value (Hv, ratio cross-sectional sapwood area), sapwood-specific leaf-specific hydraulic conductivity, vulnerability xylem embolism (P50 ) turgor loss point (Ptlp ). Differences between families explained largest amount for most traits, although was also relevant. Species occupying wetter sites showed higher N, P50 Ptlp , lower LMA, δ13 C Hv. when trait relationships with were assessed within they held only Hv . Overall, our results indicate that adjustments gradient relied primarily on changes resource allocation relations.

Language: Английский

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Embolism resistance drives the distribution of Amazonian rainforest tree species along hydro‐topographic gradients

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 221(3), P. 1457 - 1465

Published: Oct. 8, 2018

Summary Species distribution is strongly driven by local and global gradients in water availability but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Vulnerability to xylem embolism (P 50 ) a key trait that indicates how species cope with drought might explain plant patterns across environmental gradients. Here we address its role on sorting along hydro‐topographical gradient central Amazonian rainforest examine variance at community scale. We measured P for 28 tree species, soil properties estimated hydrological niche of each using an indicator distance table ( HAND ). found large hydraulic diversity, covering as much 44% angiosperm variation . show : contributes segregation hydro‐topographic Amazon, thus coexistence; result repeated evolutionary adaptation within closely related taxa; associated tolerance P‐poor soils, suggesting evolution stress‐tolerance syndrome nutrients drought; higher trees valleys than uplands. The observed diversity association topography has important implications modelling predicting forest resilience climate change.

Language: Английский

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Shifts in plant functional composition following long‐term drought in grasslands

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 107(5), P. 2133 - 2148

Published: Aug. 19, 2019

Abstract Plant traits can provide unique insights into plant performance at the community scale. Functional composition, defined by both functional diversity and community‐weighted trait means (CWMs), affect stability of above‐ground net primary production (ANPP) in response to climate extremes. Further complexity arises, however, when composition itself responds environmental change. The duration extremes, such as drought, is expected increase with rising global temperatures; thus, understanding impacts long‐term drought on corresponding effect that has ecosystem function could improve predictions sensitivity We experimentally reduced growing season precipitation 66% across six temperate grasslands for 4 years measured changes three indices (functional dispersion, richness evenness), phylogenetic (PD). Specific leaf area (SLA), nitrogen content (LNC) (at most sites) turgor loss point ( π TLP ) were species cumulatively representing ~90% cover each site. Long‐term led increased dispersion sites, negligible effects remaining sites. Species re‐ordering following mortality/senescence dominant was main driver dispersion. not consistently matched diversity. Community‐level strategies (assessed CWMs) largely shifted from tolerance avoidance and/or escape strategies, evidenced higher , SLA LNC. Lastly, (i.e. relative reduction ANPP plots) positively correlated negatively Synthesis. Increased may stabilize functioning future drought. However, shifts community‐scale sensitivity, depending nature timing Thus, our results highlight importance considering abundance‐weighted communities their collective either or enhance

Language: Английский

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Wood density and hydraulic traits influence species’ growth response to drought across biomes

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(12), P. 3871 - 3882

Published: Feb. 6, 2022

Tree species display a wide variety of water-use strategies, growth rates and capacity to tolerate drought. However, if we want forecast cope with increasing aridity drought, need identify which measurable traits confer resilience drought across species. Here, use global tree ring network (65 species; 1931 site series ring-width indices-RWI) evaluate the relationship long-term growth-drought sensitivity (RWI-SPEI index relationship) short-term response extreme episodes (resistance, recovery indices) functional related leaf, wood hydraulic properties. Furthermore, assess influence climate (temperature, precipitation climatic water deficit) on these trait-growth relationships. We found close correspondence between RWI SPEI resistance severe episodes. Species displaying stronger RWI-SPEI low high tended have higher density (WD) more negative leaf minimum potential (Ψmin). Such associations were largely maintained when accounting for direct effects. Our results indicate that, at cross-species level scale, explain species' responses short- scales. These relationships can improve our understanding withstand change inform models better predict effects forest ecosystem dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Mapping xylem failure in disparate organs of whole plants reveals extreme resistance in olive roots

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 218(3), P. 1025 - 1035

Published: March 12, 2018

Summary The capacity of plant species to resist xylem cavitation is an important determinant resistance drought, mortality thresholds, geographic distribution and productivity. Unravelling the role vulnerability in evolution adaptation requires a clear understanding how this key trait varies between tissues individuals species. Here, we examine questions variation within by measuring moves organs individual plants. Using multiple cameras placed simultaneously on roots, stems leaves, were able record systemic during drying olive Unlike previous studies, found consistent pattern root > stem leaf terms cavitation. substantial cavitation, evident among individuals, seedlings, was coordinated such that plants with more resistant roots also had leaves. Preservation integrity means can continue supply water for regeneration drought‐damaged aerial after post‐drought rain. Furthermore, leaf, suggests strong selective pressure maintain fixed order drought.

Language: Английский

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The traits of “trait ecologists”: An analysis of the use of trait and functional trait terminology

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(23), P. 16434 - 16445

Published: Nov. 11, 2021

Abstract Trait and functional trait approaches have revolutionized ecology improving our understanding of community assembly, species coexistence, biodiversity loss. Focusing on traits promotes comparability across spatial organizational scales, but terms must be used consistently. While several papers offered definitions, it remains unclear how ecologists operationalize “trait” “functional trait” terms. Here, we evaluate researchers the published literatures use these explore differences among subdisciplines study systems (taxa biome). By conducting both a survey literature review, test hypothesis that ecologists’ working definition is adapted or altered when confronting realities collecting, analyzing presenting data. From 486 responses 712 reviewed papers, identified inconsistencies in terminology researchers, also limited inclusion definitions within literature. Discrepancies were not explained by subdiscipline, system study, respondent characteristics, suggesting there could an inconsistent even those related topics. Consistencies included morphological, phonological, physiological traits. Previous studies called for unification terminology; yet, shows proposed are consistently accepted. Sources disagreement include heritability, defining interpreting function, dealing with organisms which individuals clearly recognizable. We discuss offer guidelines overcoming disagreements. The diversity life Earth means can represent different features measured reported ways, thus, narrow work one will fail others. recommend embrace breadth using simplified more consistent its common use. Trait‐based most powerful if accept at least as diverse ecologists.

Language: Английский

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Hydraulic traits explain differential responses of Amazonian forests to the 2015 El Niño‐induced drought

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 223(3), P. 1253 - 1266

Published: May 11, 2019

Reducing uncertainties in the response of tropical forests to global change requires understanding how intra- and interannual climatic variability selects for different species, community functional composition ecosystem functioning, so that events differing frequency severity can be predicted. Here we present an extensive dataset hydraulic traits dominant species two Amazon with contrasting precipitation regimes - low seasonality forest (LSF) high (HSF) relate them El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) 2015. Hydraulic indicated higher drought tolerance HSF than LSF. Despite more intense lower plant water potentials during 2015-ENSO, greater xylem embolism resistance maintained similar safety margin as This likely explains ecosystem-scale whole-forest canopy conductance at a atmospheric LSF, despite their transport systems operating potentials. Our results indicate (at seasonal time scales) select assemblies taxa level, which may have significant role modulating scales.

Language: Английский

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Functional traits explaining plant responses to past and future climate changes

Flora, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 1 - 11

Published: April 17, 2019

Language: Английский

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