Harnessing rhizosphere microbiomes for drought-resilient crop production

Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 368(6488), P. 270 - 274

Published: April 16, 2020

Root-associated microbes can improve plant growth, and they offer the potential to increase crop resilience future drought. Although our understanding of complex feedbacks between microbial responses drought is advancing, most knowledge comes from non-crop plants in controlled experiments. We propose that research efforts should attempt quantify relationships traits, explicitly focus on food crops, include longer-term experiments under field conditions. Overall, we highlight need for improved mechanistic during, particularly after, This requires integrating ecology with plant, microbiome, molecular approaches central making production more resilient climate.

Language: Английский

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Plant root exudation under drought: implications for ecosystem functioning

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 225(5), P. 1899 - 1905

Published: Oct. 1, 2019

Root exudates are a pathway for plant-microbial communication and play key role in ecosystem response to environmental change. Here, we collate recent evidence that shows plants of different growth strategies differ their root exudation, can select beneficial soil microbial communities, drought affects the quantity quality exudation. We use this argue central involvement plant propose framework understanding how influence form function during after drought. Specifically, fast-growing modify recruit microbes facilitate regrowth drought, with cascading impacts on abundance functioning. identify outstanding questions methodological challenges need be addressed advance solidify our comprehension importance

Language: Английский

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Soil microbial community responses to climate extremes: resistance, resilience and transitions to alternative states

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 375(1794), P. 20190112 - 20190112

Published: Jan. 27, 2020

A major challenge for advancing our understanding of the functional role soil microbial communities is to link changes in their structure and function under climate change. To address this requires new mechanisms that underlie capacity resist recover from extremes. Here, we synthesize emerging intrinsic extrinsic factors influence resistance resilience extremes, with a focus on drought, identify drivers might trigger abrupt alternative states. We highlight research challenges propose path vulnerability transitions states, including use trait-based approaches. need approaches quantify communities, thresholds show how high-resolution time series coupled gradient designs will enable detecting response patterns interacting drivers. Finally, account factors, suggest future studies should environmental gradients track community responses extremes space time. This article part theme issue ‘Climate change ecosystems: threats, opportunities solutions’.

Language: Английский

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Ecological memory of recurrent drought modifies soil processes via changes in soil microbial community

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Sept. 6, 2021

Climate change is altering the frequency and severity of drought events. Recent evidence indicates that may produce legacy effects on soil microbial communities. However, it unclear whether precedent events lead to ecological memory formation, i.e., capacity past influence current ecosystem response trajectories. Here, we utilize a long-term field experiment in mountain grassland central Austria with an experimental layout comparing 10 years recurrent single event ambient conditions. We show droughts increase dissimilarity communities compared control events, enhance multifunctionality during (calculated via measurements potential enzymatic activities, nutrients, biomass stoichiometry belowground net primary productivity). Our results indicate community composition changes concert its functioning, consequences for processes. The formation under resilience functioning against future

Language: Английский

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Prolonged drought imparts lasting compositional changes to the rice root microbiome

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(8), P. 1065 - 1077

Published: July 22, 2021

Language: Английский

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Drought legacies and ecosystem responses to subsequent drought

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(17), P. 5086 - 5103

Published: May 24, 2022

Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and severity of droughts. These events, which can cause significant perturbations terrestrial ecosystems potentially long-term impacts on ecosystem structure functioning after drought has subsided are often called 'drought legacies'. While immediate effects have been comparatively well characterized, our broader understanding legacies just emerging. Drought relate all aspects functioning, involving changes at species community scale as alterations soil properties. This consequences for responses subsequent drought. Here, we synthesize current knowledge underlying mechanisms. We highlight relevance legacy duration different processes using examples carbon cycling composition. present hypotheses characterizing how intrinsic (i.e. biotic abiotic properties processes) extrinsic timing, severity, frequency) factors could alter resilience trajectories under scenarios recurrent events. propose ways improving their implications needed assess longer-term droughts functioning.

Language: Английский

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Root exudation as a major competitive fine‐root functional trait of 18 coexisting species in a subtropical forest

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 229(1), P. 259 - 271

Published: Aug. 9, 2020

Summary Root exudation stimulates microbial decomposition and enhances nutrient availability to plants. It remains difficult measure predict this carbon flux in natural conditions, especially for mature woody Based on a known conceptual framework of root functional traits coordination, we proposed that may exudation. We measured other seven morphological/chemical/physiological 18 coexisting species deciduous‐evergreen mixed forest subtropical China. exudation, respiration, diameter nitrogen (N) concentration all exhibited significant phylogenetic signals. found positively correlated with competitive (root N concentration) negatively conservative trait tissue density). Furthermore, these relationships were independent A principal component analysis showed morphological loaded two perpendicular axes. is multidimensional fine‐root coordination. The metabolic dimension which was relatively the dimension, indicating increasing by might be complementary strategy plant acquisition. positive relationship between respiration promising approach future prediction

Language: Английский

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Plant carbon allocation in a changing world – challenges and progress: introduction to a Virtual Issue on carbon allocation

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 227(4), P. 981 - 988

Published: July 14, 2020

Access the Virtual Issue at www.newphytologist.com/virtualissues .

Language: Английский

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A simplified synthetic community rescues Astragalus mongholicus from root rot disease by activating plant-induced systemic resistance

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Nov. 4, 2021

Abstract Background Plant health and growth are negatively affected by pathogen invasion; however, plants can dynamically modulate their rhizosphere microbiome adapt to such biotic stresses. Although plant-recruited protective microbes be assembled into synthetic communities for application in the control of plant disease, microbial commonly contain some taxa at low abundance. The roles low-abundance remain unclear; it is also unclear whether all enriched enhance host adaptation environment. Here, we a community with disease resistance function based on differential analysis root-associated bacterial composition. We further simplified investigated bacteria Astragalus mongholicus root rot simple community. Results Fusarium oxysporum infection reduced Shannon diversity significantly composition roots . Under fungal challenge, recruited beneficial as Stenotrophomonas , Achromobacter Pseudomonas Flavobacterium roots. constructed disease-resistant containing 10 high- three diseased After joint selection pathogens, complex was four-species composed high-abundance ( sp., Rhizobium Ochrobactrum sp.) one bacterium Advenella sp.). Notably, these four strains thirteen-species had similar effects disease. Furthermore, protected via synergistic effect highly abundant inhibiting less activating plant-induced systemic resistance. Conclusions Our findings suggest that abundance play an important role only few associated Therefore, construction simplification found present study could strategy employed environmental stress.

Language: Английский

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Root functional traits explain root exudation rate and composition across a range of grassland species

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 110(1), P. 21 - 33

Published: Feb. 20, 2021

Abstract Plant root exudation is a crucial means through which plants communicate with soil microbes and influence rhizosphere processes. Exudation can also underlie ecosystem response to changing environmental conditions. Different plant species vary in their exudate quantity quality, but our understanding of the characteristics that drive these differences fragmentary. We hypothesised exudates would be under phylogenetic control fit within an exploitative nutrient uptake strategy, specifically high rates link traits indicative growth. collected from grown field soil, as well leachates entire plant–soil system, assess both quality exudates, interaction metabolome, across 18 common grassland species. found varied functional group were trait dependent. Particularly, diameter, tissue density nitrogen content explained much variation along phylogeny. Specific rate was highest forbs negatively correlated density, conservative resource‐use positively associated microbial collaboration resource ‘outsourcing’. Synthesis . provide novel insight into species‐specific identify might differences. Our results show fits, although not entirely, current models economic space, strong positive relationships outsourcing like diameter. Determining role key facet resource‐outsourcing strategy necessitates further research fundamental controls on particularly during change.

Language: Английский

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