Climate sensitivity and drought seasonality determine post-drought growth recovery of Quercus petraea and Quercus robur in Europe

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 784, P. 147222 - 147222

Published: April 21, 2021

Recent studies have identified strong relationships between delayed recovery of tree growth after drought and mortality caused by subsequent droughts. These observations raise concerns about forest ecosystem services post-drought given the projected increase in frequency extremes. For quantifying impact extreme droughts on radial growth, we used a network tree-ring width data 1689 trees from 100 sites representing most distribution two tolerant, deciduous oak species (Quercus petraea Quercus robur). We first examined which climatic factors seasons control if there is any latitudinal, longitudinal or elevational trend. then quantified relative departure pre-drought during droughts, how fast were able to recover level. Our results showed that was more related precipitation water balance (precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration) than temperature. However, did not detect clear trends except decreasing influence summer Q. with latitude. Neither maintain level both rapid even compensation but displayed slow response spring where none fully growth-level over three years. Collectively, our indicate oaks are considered resilient also shown vulnerability when occurred especially at long-term significantly correlated factors. This improved understanding role seasonality climate sensitivity key better predict trajectories drier for Europe.

Language: Английский

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Wood density and hydraulic traits influence species’ growth response to drought across biomes

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(12), P. 3871 - 3882

Published: Feb. 6, 2022

Tree species display a wide variety of water-use strategies, growth rates and capacity to tolerate drought. However, if we want forecast cope with increasing aridity drought, need identify which measurable traits confer resilience drought across species. Here, use global tree ring network (65 species; 1931 site series ring-width indices-RWI) evaluate the relationship long-term growth-drought sensitivity (RWI-SPEI index relationship) short-term response extreme episodes (resistance, recovery indices) functional related leaf, wood hydraulic properties. Furthermore, assess influence climate (temperature, precipitation climatic water deficit) on these trait-growth relationships. We found close correspondence between RWI SPEI resistance severe episodes. Species displaying stronger RWI-SPEI low high tended have higher density (WD) more negative leaf minimum potential (Ψmin). Such associations were largely maintained when accounting for direct effects. Our results indicate that, at cross-species level scale, explain species' responses short- scales. These relationships can improve our understanding withstand change inform models better predict effects forest ecosystem dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Neutral and adaptive genetic diversity in plants: An overview

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

Genetic diversity is a prerequisite for evolutionary change in all kinds of organisms. It generally acknowledged that populations lacking genetic variation are unable to evolve response new environmental conditions (e.g., climate change) and thus may face an increased risk extinction. Although the importance incorporating into design conservation measures now well understood, less attention has been paid distinction between neutral (NGV) adaptive (AGV) variation. In this review, we first focus on utility NGV by examining ways quantify it, reviewing applications infer ecological processes, exploring its designing plant species. Against background, then summarize identify estimate AGV discuss potential use conservation. After comparing considering their pros cons context, conclude there urgent need better understanding role adaptation. To date, however, only few studies non-model species aimed at deciphering genomic basis complex trait Therefore, researchers practitioners should keep utilizing develop relevant strategies rare endangered until more estimates available.

Language: Английский

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What happens after drought ends: synthesizing terms and definitions

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 235(2), P. 420 - 431

Published: April 4, 2022

Drought is intensifying globally with climate change, creating an urgency to understand ecosystem response drought both during and after these events end limit loss of functioning. The literature replete studies how ecosystems respond drought, yet there are far fewer focused on dynamics ends. Furthermore, while the terms used describe can be variable inconsistent, so those that responses following drought. With this review, we sought evaluate create clear definitions ecologists use post-drought responses. We found legacy effects, resilience recovery were most commonly respect responses, but variable. Based our review literature, propose a framework for generalizing ends, which refer as 'the period'. suggest future papers need clearly characteristics imposed encourage authors term period general encompasses ends other more specific descriptors period.

Language: Английский

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Strong overestimation of water‐use efficiency responses to rising CO₂ in tree‐ring studies

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 4538 - 4558

Published: May 18, 2020

Abstract The carbon isotope ratio (δ 13 C) in tree rings is commonly used to derive estimates of the assimilation‐to‐stomatal conductance rate trees, that is, intrinsic water‐use efficiency (iWUE). Recent studies have observed increased iWUE response rising atmospheric CO 2 concentrations ( C a ), many different species, genera and biomes. However, increasing rates vary widely from one study another, likely because numerous covarying factors are involved. Here, we quantified changes two distributed boreal conifers using samples forest inventory network were collected across wide range growing conditions (assessed site index, SI), developmental stages stand histories. Using tree‐ring isotopes analysis, assessed magnitude increase after accounting for effects size, age, nitrogen deposition, climate SI. We also estimated how growth modulated physiological responses . found increases size age greatly influenced iWUE. effect on was strongly reduced these variables. , mostly trees fertile stands, whereas remained almost unchanged poor sites. Our results suggest past could overestimated iWUE, potentially leading biased inferences about future net balance forest. this weakening, which affect capacity resist recover drought episodes.

Language: Английский

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The intraspecific variation of functional traits modulates drought resilience of European beech and pubescent oak

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(10), P. 3652 - 3669

Published: July 9, 2021

Abstract A higher frequency and intensity of droughts will impair forest productivity. Therefore, improving our understanding which factors enhance tree growth resilience against drought has become a crucial issue, but we lack information at the intraspecific level. In this study, investigate role played by climatic conditions characteristics in response to severe two deciduous Fagaceae species near their southern distribution limit: temperate European beech Fagus sylvatica Mediterranean pubescent oak Quercus pubescens . The study area is located Catalonia, NE Spain, where 149 trees were cored covering water availability gradient region. addition, size (diameter height) an ensemble stem, leaf hydraulic traits collected for each tree. Growth responses extreme during period 1980–2015 assessed using indicators based on residual basal increment series predicted model including growing season balance. Although resistance was unrelated intensity, improved recovery reduced legacy effects. Taller showed drought, could be explained relationship between variation height functional traits, such as nitrogen concentration, turgor loss point xylem embolism. For both species, with lower cavitation resistance, concentration tighter stomatal regulation (suggested less negative carbon isotope composition) displayed better performance after droughts. Both progressive decrease increase Synthesis This highlights relevance analysing involved balance improve variability within species.

Language: Английский

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Connecting tree‐ring phenotypes, genetic associations and transcriptomics to decipher the genomic architecture of drought adaptation in a widespread conifer

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30(16), P. 3898 - 3917

Published: Feb. 17, 2021

As boreal forests face significant threats from climate change, understanding evolutionary trajectories of coniferous species has become fundamental to adapting management and conservation a drying climate. We examined the genomic architecture underlying adaptive variation related drought tolerance in 43 populations widespread conifer, white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss), by combining genotype-environment associations, genotype-phenotype transcriptomics. Adaptive genetic was identified correlating allele frequencies for 6,153 single nucleotide polymorphisms 2,606 candidate genes with temperature, precipitation aridity gradients, testing associations between genotypes 11 dendrometric drought-related traits (i.e., anatomical, growth response climate-sensitivity traits) using polygenic model. set 285 significantly associated climatic factor or phenotypic trait, including 110 that were differentially expressed under greenhouse-controlled conditions. The interlinked phenotype-genotype-environment network revealed eight high-confidence involved adaptation drought, which four drought-responsive expression analysis. Our findings represent step toward characterization basis conifers, is essential enable establishment resilient view new

Language: Английский

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Growth resilience of conifer species decreases with early, long‐lasting and intense droughts but cannot be explained by hydraulic traits

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(9), P. 2088 - 2104

Published: May 27, 2022

Abstract Drought events may reduce growth and survival of conifer trees. The effects the intensity timing drought on resilience, including reductions during recovery after drought, remain, however, highly uncertain. Growth resilience 20 species to 11 dry years was compared in a common garden experiment. We assessed (a) relationships among resistance, (b) impacts different dimensions (intensity, onset length) resistance (c) underlying mechanisms terms potential hydraulic traits. Droughts led 22% reduction stem for 85% species, but most (85%) were resilient due high recovery. decreased with an early (significant 55% species), longer‐lasting (35%) intense droughts (60%). While fast‐growing slow‐growing similar recovery, more resilient. Unexpectedly, could not be explained by traits, possibly because grew poor sandy soils acclimated large safety margins. Synthesis . Our study shows that mild maritime climate almost all are putative traits less important here resilience. It also highlights importance addressing multiple is, timing, duration severity, predict responses change.

Language: Английский

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From common gardens to candidate genes: exploring local adaptation to climate in red spruce

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 237(5), P. 1590 - 1605

Published: Sept. 7, 2022

Summary Local adaptation to climate is common in plant species and has been studied a range of contexts, from improving crop yields predicting population maladaptation future conditions. The genomic era brought new tools study this process, which was historically explored through garden experiments. In study, we combine methods gardens investigate local red spruce identify environmental gradients loci involved adaptation. We first use transfer functions estimate the impact change on seedling performance three gardens. then explore multivariate gene–environment association genes underlying adaptation, with particular attention implications conducting genome scans without correction for neutral structure. This integrative approach uncovered phenotypic evidence identified set putatively adaptive genes, some are main pathways found other temperate boreal coniferous species: drought tolerance, cold hardiness, phenology. These segregated into two ‘modules’ associated different gradients. nicely exemplifies dimension trees.

Language: Английский

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Current and future carbon stocks of natural forests in China

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 511, P. 120137 - 120137

Published: March 16, 2022

Language: Английский

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