Intraspecific and intra‐individual chemodiversity and phenotypic integration of terpenes across plant parts and development stages in an aromatic plant

Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Abstract Some plant species produce an extraordinary diversity of specialized metabolites. The diverse class terpenes is characteristic for many aromatic plants, and can occur as both emitted volatiles stored compounds. Little known about how intraspecific chemodiversity phenotypic integration volatile differ intra‐individually across development between different parts, studies considering spatial temporal scales are scarce. To comprehensively investigate this diversity, we used the Tanacetum vulgare that differs in foliar terpene composition, forming chemotypes. We collected young old leaves during rosette, elongated stem, flowering stage well flower heads at stage. Moreover, stage, were extracted from including roots. Terpene profiles measured with (TD)‐GC‐MS. composition depended on specific combination chemotype, part, time point; was mainly affected by indicating stages individuals require a higher chemodiversity, potentially to mediate interactions. For terpenes, intra‐individual differences, mostly aboveground belowground found only components such richness evenness, but not functional Hill diversity. Phenotypic differed part chemotype terpenes. Our results suggest their highly plastic trait may be shaped dependence interactions environment, value each contributes fitness individual. Such variation scales, spatially temporally, should considered chemical ecological studies.

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific chemodiversity provides plant individual- and neighbourhood-mediated associational resistance towards aphids

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 4, 2023

Some plant species express an extraordinarily high intraspecific diversity in phytochemicals (= chemodiversity). As discussed for biodiversity, higher chemodiversity may provide better protection against environmental stress, including herbivory. However, little is known about whether the resistance of a individual towards herbivores mostly governed by its own or associational provided conspecific neighbours. To investigate role plant-aphid interactions, we used Asteraceae Tanacetum vulgare, whose individuals differ pronouncedly composition leaf terpenoids, forming distinct chemotypes. Plants were set up field consisting plots containing five either same different Presence winged aphids, indicating attraction, and abundance unwinged fitness, counted weekly on each plant. During peak samples taken from all plants re-analyses terpenoid quantification chemodiversity, calculated (Shannon index, Hsind, also considered as α-chemodiversity) plot level (Hsplot, = β-chemodiversity). Aphid attraction was neither influenced chemotype nor plot-type. The real-time odour environment be very complex this setting, impeding clear preferences. In contrast, affected both On average, more Uroleucon tanaceti aphids found two chemotypes growing homogenous compared to heterogenous plots, supporting hypothesis. For Macrosiphoniella tanacetaria probability presence differed between plot-types one chemotype. Terpenoid expressed gradient revealed negative Hsplot effects U. tanaceti, but positive correlation Hsind with M. abundance. Aphids fuscoviride not any chemodiversity. conclusion, study shows that only neighbours can influence certain plant-herbivore interactions. These are highly specific regard aphid their morphs (winged vs. unwinged). Furthermore, our results highlight importance analysing at levels.

Language: Английский

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Spatially and temporally resolved metabolome of the human oral cavity

iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 108884 - 108884

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Saliva is a complex bodily fluid composed of secretions by major and minor salivary glands. Salivary glands their are known to be unevenly distributed in the human oral cavity. Moreover, saliva flow rate composition vary across locations time day. This remarkable heterogeneity suggests that different subtypes fulfill functions. By coupling non-invasive facile collection method with comprehensive metabolomic profiling, we investigated spatial temporal distributions components. We identified location-specific metabolite profiles, novel oscillating metabolites, diurnal patterns. In summary, our study paves way for deeper more understanding dynamics functionalities metabolome its integration multi-omics studies related systemic (patho-)physiology.

Language: Английский

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Spatial Diversity Changes in Land Use and Land Cover Mix in Central European Capitals and Their Commuting Zones from 2006 to 2018

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 2224 - 2224

Published: March 7, 2024

This article investigates the land use and cover (LULC) mosaic as a function of distance to city centre. The research area is four Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) capitals Central European countries: Czechia (Prague), Poland (Warsaw), Slovakia (Bratislava), Hungary (Budapest). presents LULC mix changes in these FUAs context transformations urban cores commuting zones capital metropolises, which have large populations prominent positions country or region. study makes Atlas data for 2006, 2012, 2018. change was analysed using hexagonal tessellation with hexagon basic spatial unit. Spatial entropy (ENT) Simpson’s Diversity Index (SIDI) were employed. ENT SIDI determined cores, well on first level nomenclature 2006–2012 2012–2018, third 2012–2018. shows that from 2006 2012 more considerable than It also revealed that, if classes are considered nomenclature, diversity grows then declines zones. An analysis demonstrated its decline growing core. has been mean values approximately twice high zones, indicating plateau value over period compared an increase around them. conducted will be helpful planners decision-makers directing further, inevitable development metropolitan areas accordance sustainable environmental management.

Language: Английский

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Geographic distribution of terpenoid chemotypes in Tanacetum vulgare mediates tansy aphid occurrence but not abundance

Oikos, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(7)

Published: April 9, 2024

Intraspecific variation of specialized metabolites in plants, such as terpenoids, are used to determine chemotypes. Tansy Tanacetum vulgare exhibits diverse terpenoid profiles that affect insect communities. However, it is not fully known whether patterns their chemical composition and associated insects vary beyond the community scale. Here, we investigated geographic distribution mono‐ sesquiterpenoid chemotypes tansy leaves relationships with specific communities across Germany. We sampled from ten plants five without aphids each 26 sites along a north–south west–east transect Hexane‐extracted leaf tissues were analyzed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Plant morphological traits, aphid occurrence abundance, ants recorded locally. The effect plant chemotype, parameters, abiotic site parameters soil types, temperature precipitation on occurrences analyzed. Plants clustered into four monoterpenoid chemotype classes. Monoterpene classes differed latitudinal distribution, whereas sesquiterpenes more evenly distributed transect. Aphid ant was influenced monoterpenoids. class 1 colonized significantly often than expected chance, other there no significant differences. abundance affected type, average annual positively correlated ants. found chemodiversity show monoterpenoids occurrence, while type can influence abundance. chemistry influences assembly plants.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the phytochemical diversity of plants: Quantification, variation and ecological function

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2023

Abstract Plants produce a great number of phytochemical compounds mediating variety different functions. Recently, diversity (chemodiversity), way which to quantify the complex phenotype formed by sets phytochemicals, has been suggested be important for function. However, no study systematically examined potential (in)direct functional importance chemodiversity on general level, partly due lack an agreement how this aspect plant phenotype. This paper four aims: 1) We discuss (deconstructed into components richness, evenness and disparity) may aspects that are ecologically relevant. 2) review literature examine methodological practices, explore ecological patterns variability in across levels biological organization, investigate role interactions between plants other organisms. 3) provide framework facilitating decisions measure is best used contexts. 4) outline open questions avenues future research area. A more thorough understanding will increase our knowledge compounds, they shape their environment.

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific chemical variation of Tanacetum vulgare affects plant growth and reproductive traits in field plant communities

Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 9, 2024

Abstract The study investigated the impact of intraspecific plant chemodiversity on growth and reproductive traits at both plot levels. It also aimed to understand how stand level affects ecosystem functioning plant–plant interactions. We describe a biodiversity experiment in which we manipulated using six different chemotypes common tansy ( Tanacetum vulgare L., Asteraceae). tested effects chemotype identity plot‐level richness headspace emissions. found that differed were affected by plots. Although morphological differences among became less pronounced over time, phenology patterns persisted. Plot‐level trait means presence or absence certain plot, direction effect depended specific chemotype. However, did not lead overyielding effects. Lastly, blends released from communities neither richer nor more diverse with increasing richness, but dissimilar as they their leaf terpenoid profiles. is crucial complex varied depending This long‐term field will allow further investigation into plant–insect interactions insect community assembly response chemodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Ecological and evolutionary drivers of stingless bee honey variation at the global scale

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 969, P. 178945 - 178945

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Nuance in the Narrative of a Brown Poison Frog: Environmental Alkaloids and Specialized Foraging in a Presumed Toxin-Free and Diet-Generalized Species

Journal of Chemical Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 51(2)

Published: March 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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Floral volatiles evoke partially similar responses in both florivores and pollinators and are correlated with non-volatile reward chemicals

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 132(1), P. 1 - 14

Published: May 23, 2023

Abstract Background Plants often use floral displays to attract mutualists and prevent antagonist attacks. Chemical detectable from a distance include attractive or repellent volatile organic compounds (FVOCs). Locally, visitors perceive contact chemicals including nutrients but also deterrent toxic constituents of pollen nectar. The FVOC chemical composition can vary intra- interspecifically. For certain pollinator florivore species, responses these are studied in specific plant systems, yet we lack synthesis general patterns comparing two groups insights into potential correlations between chemodiversity. Scope We reviewed how FVOCs non-volatile displays, i.e. toxins, affect the detection by behaviour insect visitors. Moreover, used meta-analyses evaluate pollinators vs. florivores within same genera. tested whether chemodiversity FVOCs, toxins is correlated, hence mutually informative. Key Results According available data, could detect more than pollinators. Frequently were reported as pollinator-attractive florivore-repellent. Among on both visitor groups, there was higher number compounds. toxin richness negatively indicating trade-offs, whereas marginal positive correlation amount protein observed. Conclusions face critical because mediate similar information antagonists, particularly through with fewer FVOCs. Furthermore, might whose correlated rewards. Chemodiversity potentially informative reward traits. To gain better understanding ecological processes shaping research needed antagonists diverse species role responses.

Language: Английский

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