Fatty Acids as Potent Modulators of Autophagy Activity in White Adipose Tissue DOI Creative Commons
Karolina Ciesielska, Małgorzata Gajewska

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 255 - 255

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

A high-fat diet is one of the causative factors obesity. The dietary profile fatty acids also an important variable in developing obesity, as saturated are more obesogenic than monounsaturated and polyunsaturated acids. Overweight obesity inseparably connected with excess adipose tissue body, characterized by hypertrophy hyperplasia fat cells, which increases risk metabolic syndrome. Changes observed within hypertrophic adipocytes result elevated oxidative stress, unfolded protein accumulation, increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. One processes involved preservation cellular homeostasis autophagy, defined intracellular lysosome-dependent degradation system that serves to recycle available macromolecules eliminate damaged organelles. In activation autophagy process appears be regulated different types This review describes role summarizes current understanding effects unsaturated modulation adipocytes.

Language: Английский

Visceral Adiposity and Cancer: Role in Pathogenesis and Prognosis DOI Open Access
Lucilla Crudele, Elena Piccinin, Antonio Moschetta

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 2101 - 2101

Published: June 19, 2021

The prevalence of being overweight and obese has been expanded dramatically in recent years worldwide. Obesity usually occurs when the energetic introit overtakes energy expenditure from metabolic physical activity, leading to fat accumulation mainly visceral depots. Excessive represents a risk factor for many chronic diseases, including cancer. Adiposity, low-grade inflammation, hyperinsulinemia are essential factors obesity that also play crucial role tumor onset. In years, several strategies have pointed toward boundary accumulation, thus limiting burden cancer attributable obesity. While remodeling via adipocytes browning seems tempting prospect, lifestyle interventions still represent main pathway prevent enhance efficacy treatments. Specifically, Mediterranean Diet stands out as one best dietary approaches curtail adiposity and, therefore, risk. this Review, close relationship between investigated, highlighting biological mechanisms at basis link. Finally, remodel fat, interventions, taken into consideration major perspective limit excess body weight

Language: Английский

Citations

68
Berberine modulates deacetylation of PPARγ to promote adipose tissue remodeling and thermogenesis via AMPK/SIRT1 pathway DOI Creative Commons
Yingxi Xu, Tianhao Yu,

Guojing Ma

et al.

International Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(12), P. 3173 - 3187

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Pharmacological stimulation of adipose tissue remodeling and thermogenesis to increase energy expenditure is expected be a viable therapeutic strategy for obesity.Berberine has been reported have pharmacological activity in anti-obesity, while the mechanism remains unclear.Here, we observed that berberine significantly reduced body weight insulin resistance high-fat diet mice by promoting distribution brown thermogenesis.We further demonstrated activated metabolic sensing pathway AMPK/SIRT1 axis level PPARγ deacetylation, which leads increasing expression thermogenic protein UCP-1.These findings suggest enhances can act as selective activator promote thermogenesis.This study proposes new regulation offers great prospect obesity treatment

Language: Английский

Citations

62
No evidence of brown adipose tissue activation after 24 weeks of supervised exercise training in young sedentary adults in the ACTIBATE randomized controlled trial DOI Creative Commons
Borja Martínez‐Téllez, Guillermo Sánchez‐Delgado, Francisco M. Acosta

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Sept. 12, 2022

Abstract Exercise modulates both brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism and white (WAT) browning in murine models. Whether this is true humans, however, has remained unknown. An unblinded randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02365129) was therefore conducted to study the effects of a 24-week supervised exercise intervention, combining endurance resistance training, on BAT volume activity (primary outcome). The carried out Sport Health University Research Institute Virgen de las Nieves Hospital Granada (Spain). One hundred forty-five young sedentary adults were assigned either (i) control group (no exercise, n = 54), (ii) moderate intensity (MOD-EX, 48), or (iii) vigorous (VIG-EX 43) by unrestricted randomization. No relevant adverse events recorded. 97 participants (34 men, 63 women) included final analysis (Control; 35, MOD-EX; 31, VIG-EX; 31). We observed no changes (Δ Control: −22.2 ± 52.6 ml; Δ MOD-EX: −15.5 62.1 ml, VIG-EX: −6.8 66.4 P 0.771) 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake (SUVpeak −2.6 3.1 −1.2 4.8, −2.2 5.1; p 0.476) groups. Thus, we did not find any evidence an exercise-induced change adults.

Language: Английский

Citations

52
The evolving roles of Wnt signaling in stem cell proliferation and differentiation, the development of human diseases, and therapeutic opportunities DOI Creative Commons
Michael S. Yu, Kevin Qin, Jiaming Fan

et al.

Genes & Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 101026 - 101026

Published: July 22, 2023

The evolutionarily conserved Wnt signaling pathway plays a central role in development and adult tissue homeostasis across species. proteins are secreted, lipid-modified molecules that activate the canonical (β-catenin dependent) non-canonical independent) pathways. Cellular behaviors such as proliferation, differentiation, maturation, proper body-axis specification carried out by pathway, which is best characterized of known paths. has emerged an important factor stem cell biology to affect self-renewal cells various tissues. This includes but not limited embryonic, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, gut, neural, epidermal cells. also been implicated tumor exhibit cell-like properties. crucial for bone formation presents potential target therapeutics disorders. Not surprisingly, aberrant associated with wide variety diseases, including cancer. Mutations members cancer can lead unchecked epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis. Altogether, advances understanding dysregulated disease have paved way novel components pathway. Beginning brief overview mechanisms Wnt, this review aims summarize current knowledge cells, aberrations targeting preclinical clinical studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

43
Gut and obesity/metabolic disease: Focus on microbiota metabolites DOI
Ke Lin, Lixin Zhu, Yang Li

et al.

MedComm, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(3)

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Abstract Obesity is often associated with the risk of chronic inflammation and other metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer. The composition activity gut microbiota play an important role in this process, affecting a range physiological processes, nutrient absorption energy metabolism. active can produce large number physiologically substances during process intestinal metabolism reproduction, including short‐chain/long‐chain fatty acids, secondary bile tryptophan metabolites beneficial effects on metabolism, well negative metabolites, trimethylamine N‐oxide, delta‐valerobetaine, imidazole propionate. How specifically affect participate immune activities, especially directly produced by microbiota, has attracted extensive attention. So far, some animal human studies have shown that are correlated host obesity, inflammation. Some pathways mechanisms slowly being discovered. Here, we will focus (beneficial negative), review their roles obesity related hoping to provide new perspective for treatment remission diseases from metabolites.

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Adipokines in obesity and metabolic-related-diseases DOI Creative Commons
Julien Pestel,

Ferdinand Blangero,

Julia Watson

et al.

Biochimie, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 212, P. 48 - 59

Published: April 15, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Postbiotics against Obesity: Perception and Overview Based on Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies DOI Open Access
Seon‐Joo Park, Anshul Sharma, Hae‐Jeung Lee

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 6414 - 6414

Published: March 29, 2023

Overweight and obesity are significant global public health concerns that increasing in prevalence at an alarming rate. Numerous studies have demonstrated the benefits of probiotics against obesity. Postbiotics next generation include bacteria-free extracts nonviable microorganisms may be advantageous to host being increasingly preferred over regular probiotics. However, impact postbiotics on has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, goal this review is gather in-depth data ability combat reported potential alleviating This comprehensively discusses anti-obesity effects cellular, animal, clinical studies. exert via multiple mechanisms, with major mechanisms including increased energy expenditure, reduced adipogenesis adipocyte differentiation, suppression food intake, inhibition lipid absorption, regulation metabolism, gut dysbiosis. Future research should further strain identification, scale-up postbiotics, identification underlying well-defined could a promising dietary intervention for prevention management

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Sarcopenia and cachexia: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions DOI Creative Commons
Tiantian Wang, Dong Zhou, Zhen Hong

et al.

MedComm, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Sarcopenia is defined as a muscle‐wasting syndrome that occurs with accelerated aging, while cachexia severe wasting associated conditions such cancer and immunodeficiency disorders, which cannot be fully addressed through conventional nutritional supplementation. can considered component of cachexia, the bidirectional interplay between adipose tissue skeletal muscle potentially serving molecular mechanism for both conditions. However, underlying mechanisms differ. Recognizing distinctions these disorders essential advancing basic translational research in this area, enhancing diagnostic accuracy ultimately achieving effective therapeutic solutions affected patients. This review discusses microenvironment's changes contributing to conditions, recent approaches like lifestyle modifications, small molecules, interventions, emerging strategies gene editing, stem cell therapy, gut microbiome modulation. We also address challenges opportunities multimodal aiming provide insights into pathogenesis sarcopenia aiding innovative strategy development improved treatments.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Human brown adipose tissue as a target for obesity management; beyond cold‐induced thermogenesis DOI

Rebecca Loh,

Bronwyn A. Kingwell, Andrew L. Carey

et al.

Obesity Reviews, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 18(11), P. 1227 - 1242

Published: July 14, 2017

Summary Elevating energy expenditure via adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a potential strategy to reverse obesity. Much early enthusiasm for this approach, based on rodent studies, was tempered by the belief that BAT relatively inconsequential healthy adult humans. Interest reinvigorated decade ago when series of studies re‐identified BAT, primarily upper thoracic regions, adults. Despite ensuing explosion pre‐clinical investigations and identification an extensive list target molecules recruitment, our understanding human physiology remains limited, particularly regarding interventions which might hold therapeutic promise. Cold‐induced (CIT) has been well studied, although not readily translatable as anti‐obesity whereas little known role diet‐induced (DIT). Furthermore, dedicated translating pharmacological mechanisms browning from animal models are sparse. Several lines recent evidence suggest molecular regulation differ laboratory rodents, form majority knowledge base. This review will summarize CIT expand upon current gaps related other than cold.

Language: Английский

Citations

80
MiR-494-3p regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis through PGC1-α signalling in beige adipocytes DOI Creative Commons

Mengistu Lemecha,

Katsutaro Morino,

Takeshi Imamura

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Oct. 4, 2018

Mitochondria are critical in heat generation brown and beige adipocytes. Mitochondrial number function regulated response to external stimuli, such as cold exposure β3 adrenergic receptor agonist. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating mitochondrial biogenesis during browning, especially by microRNAs, remain unknown. We investigated role of miR-494-3p adipogenesis browning. Intermittent mild mice induced PPARγ coactivator1-α (PGC1-α) TFAM, PDH, ANT1/2 expression along with uncoupling protein-1 (Ucp1) inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). levels were significantly downregulated iWAT upon (p < 0.05). overexpression substantially reduced PGC1-α its downstream targets PDH MTCO1 3T3-L1 adipocytes inhibition resulted increased PGC1-α, TFAM Ucp1 mRNA robustly adipocytes, strongly decreased oxygen consumption rate. proteins primary cells Luciferase assays confirmed a direct gene target miR-494-3p. Our findings demonstrate that browning regulates thermogenesis through PGC1-α.

Language: Английский

Citations

79