Multidimensional tropical forest recovery

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 374(6573), P. 1370 - 1376

Published: Dec. 9, 2021

Tropical forests disappear rapidly because of deforestation, yet they have the potential to regrow naturally on abandoned lands. We analyze how 12 forest attributes recover during secondary succession and their recovery is interrelated using 77 sites across tropics. are highly resilient low-intensity land use; after 20 years, attain 78% (33 100%) old-growth values. Recovery 90% values fastest for soil (<1 decade) plant functioning (<2.5 decades), intermediate structure species diversity (2.5 6 slowest biomass composition (>12 decades). Network analysis shows three independent clusters attribute recovery, related structure, diversity, composition. Secondary should be embraced as a low-cost, natural solution ecosystem restoration, climate change mitigation, biodiversity conservation.

Language: Английский

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A framework for the detection and attribution of biodiversity change

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 378(1881)

Published: May 29, 2023

The causes of biodiversity change are great scientific interest and central to policy efforts aimed at meeting targets. Changes in species diversity high rates compositional turnover have been reported worldwide. In many cases, trends detected, but these rarely causally attributed possible drivers. A formal framework guidelines for the detection attribution is needed. We propose an inferential guide analyses, which identifies five steps—causal modelling, observation, estimation, attribution—for robust attribution. This workflow provides evidence relation hypothesized impacts multiple potential drivers can eliminate putative from contention. encourages a reproducible statement confidence about role after methods trend deployed. Confidence requires that data analyses used all steps follow best practices reducing uncertainty each step. illustrate with examples. could strengthen bridge between science support effective actions halt loss this has on ecosystems. article part theme issue ‘Detecting attributing change: needs, gaps solutions’.

Language: Английский

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Tree islands enhance biodiversity and functioning in oil palm landscapes

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 618(7964), P. 316 - 321

Published: May 24, 2023

Abstract In the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration 1 , large knowledge gaps persist how to increase biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in cash crop-dominated tropical landscapes 2 . Here, we present findings from a large-scale, 5-year restoration experiment an oil palm landscape enriched with 52 tree islands, encompassing assessments of ten indicators 19 functioning. Overall, functioning, as well multidiversity multifunctionality, were higher islands compared conventionally managed palm. Larger led larger gains through changes vegetation structure. Furthermore, enrichment did not decrease landscape-scale yield. Our results demonstrate that enriching palm-dominated is promising ecological strategy, yet should replace protection remaining forests.

Language: Английский

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Disproportionate declines of formerly abundant species underlie insect loss

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 628(8007), P. 359 - 364

Published: Dec. 20, 2023

Abstract Studies have reported widespread declines in terrestrial insect abundances recent years 1–4 , but trends other biodiversity metrics are less clear-cut 5–7 . Here we examined long-term 923 assemblages monitored 106 studies, and found concomitant abundance species richness. For studies that were resolved to level (551 sites 57 studies), observed a decline the number of initially abundant through time, not very rare species. At population level, most at start time series showed strongest average (corrected for regression-to-the-mean effects). Rarer were, on average, also declining, these offset by increases Our results suggest decreases total 2 can mostly be explained formerly This counters common narrative loss is characterized 8,9 Although our fundamental changes occurring assemblages, it important recognize they represent only from those locations which sufficient data available. Nevertheless, given importance ecosystems 10 their general likely broad repercussions food webs ecosystem functioning.

Language: Английский

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The undetectability of global biodiversity trends using local species richness

Ecography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023(3)

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Although species are being lost at alarming rates, previous research has provided conflicting results on the extent and even direction of global biodiversity change local scale. Here, we assessed ability to detect trends using richness how it is affected by number monitoring sites, sampling interval (i.e. time between original survey re‐survey site), measurement error (error richness), spatial grain (a proxy for taxa mobility) biases site‐selection biases). We use PREDICTS model‐based estimates as a real‐world distribution randomly selected sites calculate trends. found that while network with hundreds could in within 30‐year period, detecting doubled decade, increased 10‐fold three years yearly were undetectable. Measurement errors had non‐linear effect statistical power, 1% reducing power slight margin 5% drastically reliably any trend. The was also related grain, making harder sampled smaller plot sizes. Spatial not only reduced negative but sometimes yielded positive conclude accurate may simply be unfeasible current approaches. suggest representative implemented national level, combined models accounting biases, can help improve our understanding change.

Language: Английский

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Land conversion to agriculture induces taxonomic homogenization of soil microbial communities globally

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 29, 2024

Abstract Agriculture contributes to a decline in local species diversity and above- below-ground biotic homogenization. Here, we conduct continental survey using 1185 soil samples compare microbial communities from natural ecosystems (forest, grassland, wetland) with converted agricultural land. We combine our results global meta-analysis of available sequencing data that cover more than 2400 across six continents. Our combined demonstrate land conversion taxonomic functional homogenization bacteria, mainly driven by the increase geographic ranges taxa croplands. find 20% phylotypes are decreased 23% increased conversion, croplands enriched Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadota, Planctomycetota, Myxcoccota Latescibacterota . Although there is no significant difference composition between land, genes involved nitrogen fixation, phosphorus mineralization transportation depleted cropland. provide insight into consequences land-use change on diversity.

Language: Английский

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Using Biodiversity Indices Effectively: Considerations for Forest Management

Ecologies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 42 - 51

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Since biodiversity is a multifaceted aspect of natural systems, several indices have been suggested to measure it. In this paper, we examined number well-known diversity indexes see whether some performed better than others when applied forest data. order reach goal, used data on basic variables (such as the diameters, heights, and volumes trees) from plots if common lead same conclusions about changes in pairwise comparison (i.e., comparing region at two different times or regions time). Out collection 17 indices, 8 them exhibited robustness, indicating their constant ability demonstrate either an increase decrease over comparisons. However, it important note that remaining seven may yield inconsistent inconclusive results, but only with regard data, highlighting complexity nuances measuring sorts review article, all are presented, allowing reader choose which ones most applicable particular dataset (genetic, econometric, sociometric, etc.).

Language: Английский

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Commercial honey bee keeping compromises wild bee conservation in Mediterranean nature reserves

Apidologie, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 56(1)

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Overcoming the pitfalls of merging dietary metabarcoding into ecological networks

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 545 - 559

Published: Dec. 22, 2021

Abstract The construction of increasingly detailed species interaction networks is extending the potential applications network ecology, providing an opportunity to understand complex eco‐evolutionary interactions, ecosystem service provision and impacts environmental change on functioning. Dietary metabarcoding a rapidly growing tool used construct ecological trophic enabling determination individual animal diets including difficult‐to‐distinguish prey taxa even for where traditional dietary analyses are unsuitable (e.g. fluid feeders small invertebrates). Several challenges, however, surround use metabarcoding, especially when metabarcoding‐based interactions merged with observation‐based data. We describe difficulties surrounding quantification sampling perspective discrepancy (i.e. zoocentric vs. phytocentric sampling), experimental biases, reference database omissions assumptions regarding direct indirect consumption events. These problems not, insurmountable. Effective design data curation appropriate attention paid these renders incorporation into analysis powerful highly resolved networks. Throughout, we discuss how should be addressed merging

Language: Английский

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A protocol for reproducible functional diversity analyses

Ecography, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022(11)

Published: Aug. 30, 2022

The widespread use of species traits in basic and applied ecology, conservation biogeography has led to an exponential increase functional diversity analyses, with > 10 000 papers published 2010–2020, 1800 only 2021. This interest is reflected the development a multitude theoretical methodological frameworks for calculating diversity, making it challenging navigate myriads options report detailed accounts trait‐based analyses. Therefore, discipline ecology would benefit from existence general guideline standard reporting good practices We devise eight‐step protocol guide researchers conducting overarching goal increasing reproducibility, transparency comparability across studies. based on: 1) identification research question; 2) sampling scheme study design; 3–4) assemblage data matrices; 5) exploration preprocessing; 6) computation; 7) model fitting, evaluation interpretation; 8) data, metadata code provision. Throughout protocol, we provide information on how best select questions, designs, trait compute interpret results discuss ways ensure reproducibility results. To facilitate implementation this template, further develop interactive web‐based application ( stepFD ) form checklist workflow, detailing all steps allowing user produce final ‘reproducibility report' upload alongside paper. A thorough transparent analyses ensures that ecologists can incorporate others' findings into meta‐analyses, shared be integrated larger databases consensus available reused by other researchers. All these elements are key pushing forward vibrant fast‐growing field research.

Language: Английский

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