CRISPR technology is revolutionizing the improvement of tomato and other fruit crops

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: June 14, 2019

Fruits are major sources of essential nutrients and serve as staple foods in some areas the world. The increasing human population changes climate experienced worldwide make it urgent to production fruit crops with high yield enhanced adaptation environment, for which conventional breeding is unlikely meet demand. Fortunately, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) technology paves way toward a new horizon crop improvement consequently revolutionizes plant breeding. In this review, mechanism optimization CRISPR system its application crops, including resistance biotic abiotic stresses, quality improvement, domestication highlighted. Controversies future perspectives discussed well.

Language: Английский

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Plant Genome Engineering for Targeted Improvement of Crop Traits

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Feb. 11, 2019

To improve food security, plant biology research aims to crop yield and tolerance biotic abiotic stress, as well increasing the nutrient contents of food. Conventional breeding systems have allowed breeders produce improved varieties many crops; for example, hybrid grain crops show dramatic improvements in yield. However, challenges remain emerging technologies potential address these challenges. For site-specific nucleases such TALENs CRISPR/Cas systems, which enable high-efficiency genome engineering across eukaryotic species, revolutionized biological its applications plants. These been used diverse species generate a wide variety modifications through strategies that include targeted mutagenesis editing various agricultural biotechnology applications. Moreover, genome-wide screens make it possible discover novel traits, expand range accelerate trait development target are key security. Here, we discuss use nuclease different genome-engineering We highlight existing opportunities harness improvement traits enhance productivity resilience climate change. cutting-edge genome-editing thus poised reshape future agriculture

Language: Английский

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Novel CRISPR–Cas Systems: An Updated Review of the Current Achievements, Applications, and Future Research Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(7), P. 3327 - 3327

Published: March 24, 2021

According to Darwin’s theory, endless evolution leads a revolution. One such example is the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)–Cas system, an adaptive immunity system in most archaea and many bacteria. Gene editing technology possesses crucial potential dramatically impact miscellaneous areas of life, CRISPR–Cas represents suitable strategy. The has ignited revolution field genetic engineering. ease, precision, affordability this akin Midas touch for researchers genomes. Undoubtedly, applications are endless. extensively employed treatment infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, curing cancer, developing sustainable methods fuel production chemicals, improving quality quantity food crops, thus catering global demands. Future will provide benefits everyone save countless lives. evolving rapidly; therefore, overview continuous improvement important. In review, we aim elucidate current state tailor-made format from its discovery exciting breakthroughs at application level further upcoming trends related opportunities challenges including ethical concerns.

Language: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis of the tomato susceptibility gene PMR4 for resistance against powdery mildew

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: June 19, 2020

Abstract Background The development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology has facilitated targeted mutagenesis in an efficient and precise way. Previously, RNAi silencing the susceptibility ( S ) gene P owdery M ildew R esistance 4 PMR4 tomato been shown to enhance resistance against powdery mildew pathogen Oidium neolycopersici On ). Results To study whether full knock-out would result a higher level than RNAi-silenced transgenic plants we generated CRISPR mutants. We used construct containing four single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting increase possibility large deletions After PCR-based selection sequencing transformants, identified five different mutation events, including from 900-bp, 1-bp insertion 892-bp inversion. These mutants all showed reduced based on visual scoring disease symptoms quantification relative fungal biomass. Histological observations revealed significantly occurrence hypersensitive response-like cell death at sites infection pmr4 compared wild-type plants. Both haustorial formation hyphal growth were diminished but not completely inhibited Conclusion CRISPR/Cas-9 resulted with complete loss PM On. Our demonstrates efficiency versatility system as powerful tool characterize -genes by generating types mutations.

Language: Английский

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Principles, Applications, and Biosafety of Plant Genome Editing Using CRISPR-Cas9

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 13, 2020

The terms genome engineering, editing and gene editing, refer to modifications insertions, deletions, substitutions) in the of a living organism. most widely used approach nowadays is based on Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9). In prokaryotes, CRISPR-Cas9 an adaptive immune system that naturally protects cells from DNA virus infections. has been modified create versatile technology wide diversity applications medicine, agriculture, basic studies functions. growing number monocot dicot plant species enhance yield, quality nutritional value, introduce or tolerance biotic abiotic stress, domestication, other applications. Although biosafety concerns remain, promising with potential contribute food production for benefit Gene This provisional file, not final typeset article human population. Here we review principles, current advances CRISPR-Cas9-based crop improvement. We also address show humans have exposed Cas9 homologues long before use CRISP-Cas9 editing.

Language: Английский

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