Distinct response of gross primary productivity in five terrestrial biomes to precipitation variability DOI Creative Commons
François Ritter, Max Berkelhammer, Cynthia Garcia‐Eidell

et al.

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: Oct. 16, 2020

Abstract Climate change will impact precipitation variability, potentially accelerating climate-terrestrial carbon feedbacks. However, the response of ecosystems to variability is difficult constrain due myriad physiological and abiotic variables that limit terrestrial productivity. Based on a combination satellite imagery global network daily data, we present here statistical framework isolate gross primary productivity five biomes collectively account for 50% land area. The mesic grasslands forests decreases by ~28% ~7% (respectively) in more irregular rain within year, while sensitivity halved higher year-to-year variability. Xeric are similarly impacted intra-annual rainfall variance, but they show an increase with interannual Conversely, boreal increases under both timescales. We conclude projected changes have measurable sink.

Language: Английский

Positive pressure in xylem and its role in hydraulic function DOI
H. Jochen Schenk, Steven Jansen, Teemu Hölttä

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 230(1), P. 27 - 45

Published: Nov. 18, 2020

Summary Although transpiration‐driven transport of xylem sap is well known to operate under absolute negative pressure, many terrestrial, vascular plants show positive pressure above atmospheric on a seasonal or daily basis, during early developmental stages. The actual location and mechanisms behind remain largely unknown, both in that before leaf flushing, those diurnal periodicity bleeding guttation. Available evidence shows can be driven based purely physical forces, osmotic exudation into conduits, hydraulic parenchyma cells associated with conduits. latter two may not mutually exclusive understood similar modelling scenario. Given the renewed interest this review aims provide constructive way forward by discussing similarities differences mechanistic models, evaluating available for functions, such as rehydration tissues, refilling water stores, embolism repair providing recommendations future research, including methods avoid minimise cutting artefacts.

Language: Английский

Citations

64
Identifying the pathways for foliar water uptake in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.): a major role for trichomes DOI Open Access
Jeroen Schreel, Olivier Leroux, W. J. A. Goossens

et al.

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 103(2), P. 769 - 780

Published: April 12, 2020

Foliar water uptake (FWU), the direct of into leaves, is a global phenomenon, having been observed in an increasing number plant species. Despite growing recognition its functional relevance, our understanding how FWU occurs and which foliar surface structures are implicated, limited. In present study, fluorescent ionic tracers, as well microcomputed tomography, were used to assess potential pathways for entry leaves beech, widely distributed tree species from European temperate regions. Although none tracers entered leaf through stomatal pores, small amounts silver precipitation some epidermal cells, indicating moderate cuticular uptake. Trichomes, however, shown absorb redistribute considerable tracers. Moreover, tomography indicated that 72% empty trichomes refilled during wetting microscopic investigations revealed do not have cuticle but covered with pectin-rich cell wall layer. Taken together, findings demonstrate trichomes, exhibit strong hygroscopic properties result their structural chemical design, constitute major pathway beech.

Language: Английский

Citations

61
Convergent vegetation fog and dew water use in the Namib Desert DOI
Lixin Wang, Kudzai Farai Kaseke, Sujith Ravi

et al.

Ecohydrology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12(7)

Published: June 19, 2019

Abstract Nonrainfall water inputs (e.g., fog and dew) are the least studied hydrological components in ecohydrology. The importance of nonrainfall waters on vegetation status arid ecosystems is receiving increasing attention. However, a clear understanding how common plant benefits from waters, impacts different types dew events status, uptake mechanisms still lacking. In this study, we used concurrent leaf soil potential measurements 3 years to investigate species‐specific capacity utilize moisture within Namib Desert. Eight species Desert were selected. Our results showed that both significantly increased potential. Seven eight responded events, although magnitude response differed. Plants generally stronger responses than dew. Fog timing seemed be an important factor determining response; for example, night did not affect We also found Euclea pseudebenus Faidherbia albida likely exploit through foliar uptake. This study provides first comprehensive assessment effects Furthermore, highlights identify pathways use by desert vegetation. fill knowledge gap dryland ecohydrology have implications other drylands.

Language: Английский

Citations

60
Medium, Vector, and Connector: Fog and the Maintenance of Ecosystems DOI Creative Commons
Kathleen C. Weathers, Alexandra G. Ponette‐González, Todd E. Dawson

et al.

Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 217 - 229

Published: May 6, 2019

Fog and low-lying cloud (fog) play a significant role in the maintenance of ecosystems, from desert to alpine coastal inland systems. Our central thesis is that fog provides ecosystems with critical water nutrient subsidies, also delivers pollutants, often control ecosystem function. medium, vector, connector. In this mini-review, we synthesize recent research advances reveal diverse ways shapes processes. Crown wetting, elemental deposition, light scattering absorption are fundamental mechanisms by which has been shown influence fluxes, productivity, decomposition hyper-arid ever-wet regions. These impacts ultimately mediated structure composition biological systems allow capture utilization resource subsidies. Climate change, changes land use, ocean circulation, atmospheric pollution simultaneously altering nature itself, architecture adapted it. The coupling between atmosphere biosphere fog-enshrouded areas raises new questions about past future fog-dominated their diversity, face global change.

Language: Английский

Citations

55
“Beyond the Source of Bioenergy”: Microalgae in Modern Agriculture as a Biostimulant, Biofertilizer, and Anti-Abiotic Stress DOI Creative Commons
Adewale Suraj Bello, Imen Saadaoui, Radhouan Ben‐Hamadou

et al.

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 1610 - 1610

Published: Aug. 13, 2021

Microalgae are photoautotrophic organisms with high commercial potential. Extracts from microalgae extensively used in crop cultivation, mainly because they possess growth-promoting properties, coupled their enhancing impacts on the crop’s ability to withstand abiotic stresses viz. extreme temperatures, drought, salinity, and mineral deficiency. The chemical composition of extract includes carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, micronutrients, macronutrients, phytohormones (auxins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid, gibberellins). This review aims provide an update trending facts for a better understanding growing microalgae, production biomass, processing extracts, summarizing bioactive compounds, constituent extracts. Furthermore, we supporting literature application extracts as biostimulants biofertilizers enhance productivity control cultivation.

Language: Английский

Citations

53
Dew absorption by leaf trichomes in Caragana korshinskii: An alternative water acquisition strategy for withstanding drought in arid environments DOI
Muhammad Waseem,

Zheng‐Fei Nie,

Guang‐Qian Yao

et al.

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 172(2), P. 528 - 539

Published: Jan. 16, 2021

Abstract Investigating plant morphological traits can provide insights into drought tolerance. To date, many papers have focused on hydraulic responses to during dehydration, but atmospheric water absorption by trichomes mitigate stress influencing leaf hydraulics in species that inhabit arid environments has been largely ignored. The experiment this study was designed assess how dew absorbed helps Caragana korshinskii withstand drought. results showed under a and (DS & D) treatment, C. displayed strong capacity absorb with trichomes; exhibited slow decreases potential (Ψ ), conductivity ( K gas exchange; experienced 50% exchange losses at lower relative soil content levels than plants treated no ND); loss P 50 ) similar Ψ as DS ND plants. Its congener sinica , which does not trichomes, little ability did show any remarkable improvement the above parameters D treatment. Our indicated are important epidermal dew‐uptake structures assist partially sustaining assimilation system, adverse effects of contribute distribution environments.

Language: Английский

Citations

42
On the Spatio-Temporal Under-Representation of Isotopic Data in Ecohydrological Studies DOI Creative Commons
Matthias Beyer, Daniele Penna

Frontiers in Water, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: March 11, 2021

OPINION article Front. Water, 11 March 2021Sec. Water and Critical Zone https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2021.643013

Language: Английский

Citations

42
Transpirational cooling and physiological responses of trees to heat DOI

Jing Huang,

Fanhua Kong, Haiwei Yin

et al.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 320, P. 108940 - 108940

Published: April 11, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

35
The overlooked functions of trichomes: Water absorption and metal detoxication DOI Open Access
Cui Li,

Yingying Mo,

Na Wang

et al.

Plant Cell & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 46(3), P. 669 - 687

Published: Dec. 30, 2022

Abstract Trichomes are epidermal outgrowths on plant shoots. Their roles in protecting plants against herbivores and the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites have long been recognized. Recently, studies increasingly showing that trichomes also play important water absorption metal detoxication, with these having implications for ecology, environment, agriculture. However, two functions largely overlooked much remains unknown. In this review, we show 37 species belonging to 14 families involved absorption, while 33 from 13 capable sequestering metals within their trichomes. The ability absorb results decreased hydrophobicity compared remainder leaf surface as well presence special structures collecting absorbing water. contrast, detoxication function not only good connection basal cells underlying vascular tissues, but metal‐chelating ligands transporters themselves. Knowledge gaps critical future research questions regarding trichome highlighted. This review improves our understanding

Language: Английский

Citations

31
Drought, salt, and combined stresses in plants: Effects, tolerance mechanisms, and strategies DOI

Heli Cao,

Risheng Ding, Shaozhong Kang

et al.

Advances in agronomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107 - 163

Published: Dec. 26, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

30