What Is Normal Growth? Principles, Practicalities and Pitfalls of Growth Assessments in Infants and Children DOI
Tanis R. Fenton, Nicole Gilbert, Seham Elmrayed

et al.

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 11

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Background:: Growth assessments are a pillar of public health surveillance, individual screening, and clinical care. Normal growth is defined differently for individuals versus populations. The World Health Organization (WHO) standards were developed to describe the pattern in healthy children without socioeconomic limitations whose mothers planned breastfeed. standards’ cut-off points ±2 standard deviations (z-scores) population assessments, based on attained size, stunting wasting at lower end overweight higher end. In population, one would expect 2.3% be above below these cut-points. Higher child mortality rates associated with noted observational studies validated WHO cut-offs. There knowledge gaps influencing accuracy effectiveness children, posing challenges care providers. Summary:: principles assessing normal preterm infants reviewed, along pitfalls avoided. determined by genetics modified interplay nutritional, environmental, socioeconomic, possibly intergenerational factors. This complexity reflected both level. However, an has unique-specific factors so requires comprehensive assessment. could as progression changes anthropometric measurements achieve individual’s genetic potential. A misdiagnosis faltering can occur if asses one-time rather than serial measures, age not corrected prematurity. provider sensitivity cognizance when communicating about child’s size important parental reassurance avoiding stigma unnecessary pressures or restrictions around feeding.

Language: Английский

Expected and Desirable Preterm and Small Infant Growth Patterns DOI Creative Commons
Tanis R. Fenton, Stephanie Merlino Barr, Seham Elmrayed

et al.

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 100220 - 100220

Published: April 24, 2024

Adequate nutrition is necessary for achieving optimal growth and neurodevelopment. Growth a natural expected process that happens concomitantly with rapid advancements in Serial weight, length, head circumference measures are essential monitoring development, although identifying pathological deviations from normal can pose challenges. Appropriate assessments require considerations range of sizes circumference, weight appropriate. Because genetic differences morbidities, there considerable overlap between the healthy infants those alterations. Parents tend to be over-concerned about children who plot low on charts often need reassurance. Thus, use terms such as "poor" or "failure" discouraged when approximately parallel chart curves even if their size smaller than specific percentiles. No percentile should set goal; individual variability expected. An infant's at birth important information goes beyond common prognostic predictions appropriate compared small large gestational age. The lower birthweight, nutrient stores more support. Compared term infants, preterm term-equivalent age have higher percentage body fat, but this diminishes over next months. Current research findings support expert recommendations grow, after early postnatal loss, similar fetus then term-born which translates curves. There no trade-off optimum cognition future health. Each high-risk infant needs individualized assessments. This review aims examine expectations messaging parents within broader causal framework.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Growth patterns by birth size of preterm children born at 24–29 gestational weeks for the first 3 years DOI Creative Commons
Tanis R. Fenton,

Lauren Samycia,

Seham Elmrayed

et al.

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(7), P. 560 - 569

Published: May 15, 2024

Concerns are prevalent about preterm infant long-term growth regarding plotting low on charts at discharge, stunting, underweight, high body fat and subsequent cardiometabolic morbidities.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Does the evidence support in utero influences on later health and disease? A systematic review of highly cited Barker studies on developmental origins DOI
Shipra Jain,

Lauren Samycia,

Seham Elmrayed

et al.

Journal of Perinatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(9), P. 1244 - 1251

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Small for gestational age preterm infants and later adiposity and height: A systematic review and meta‐analysis DOI Creative Commons
Seham Elmrayed,

Jahaira Pinto,

Suzanne Tough

et al.

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(7), P. 652 - 668

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

Abstract Background Overweight and obesity their consequent morbidities are important worldwide health problems. Some research suggests excess adiposity origins may begin in fetal life, but unknown is whether this applies to infants born preterm. Objective The objective of the study was assess association between small for gestational age (SGA) birth later height among those Data sources MEDLINE, EMBASE CINAHL until October 2022. Study selection data extraction Studies were included if they reported anthropometric (adiposity measures height) outcomes participants preterm with SGA versus non‐SGA. Screening, risks bias assessments conducted duplicate by two reviewers. Synthesis We meta‐analysed across studies using random‐effects models explored potential heterogeneity sources. Results Thirty‐nine met inclusion criteria. In had a lower body mass index (−0.66 kg/m 2 , 95% CI −0.79, −0.53; 32 studies, I = 16.7, n 30,346), waist circumference (−1.20 cm, −2.17, −0.23; 13 19.4, 2061), lean (−2.62 kg, −3.45, 1.80; 7 0, 205) (−3.85 −4.73, −2.96; 26 52.6, 4174) compared There no differences non‐SGA groups waist/hip ratio, fat, fat per cent, truncal or index, although power limited some analyses. rated at high risk due residual confounding low other domains. Conclusions Compared peers, have BMI, circumference, life. No observed infants.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Neonatal blood pressure by birth weight, gestational age, and postnatal age: a systematic review DOI Creative Commons
Rhys Dore,

Katy Barnes,

Stephen Bremner

et al.

Maternal Health Neonatology and Perinatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: May 1, 2024

Blood pressure is a vital hemodynamic marker during the neonatal period. However, normative values are often derived from small observational studies. Understanding range would help to identify ideal thresholds for intervention treat hypotension or hypertension. Therefore, aim of this study was assess observed blood in neonates who have not received any blood-pressure modifying treatments birth three months postnatal age and whether these vary according weight, gestational age.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Short- and longer-term growth and development of fat mass in preterm infants DOI
Shipra Jain, Belal Alshaikh, Seham Elmrayed

et al.

Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101636 - 101636

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Intrauterine growth restriction and risk for arterial hypertension in later life. Ribeirao Preto birth cohort study DOI Open Access
Paulo César Lopes, Paulo Ricardo Higassiaraguti Rocha, Heloísa Bettiol

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 31, 2024

Background Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) may contribute to the risk of Arterial Hypertension (AH) in adulthood, but its impact after 3rd decade life, where environmental factors are prevalent, is still uncertain. Methods 1,594 individuals with 38 and 39 years-old were evaluated from an original cohort 6,824 newborns between 1978 1979. Biochemical tests, office BP, anthropometric measurements done. Also, questionnaires regarding data on income, habits, education, information about birth recorded. Krammer’s criteria defined IURG. Subclinical vascular damage was investigated using Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV). Results The IURG group has higher BP [Systolic BP: 123.3±15.6 vs. 121.2± 13.4 (p=0.049); Diastolic 79.1 ± 10.6 mmHg 76.8 9.9 (p=0.002)] prevalence HA [56 49%; OR=1.30 (1.1-1.8), p=0.04] than control group. There no differences PWV early aging (PWV > 2SD mean normal age value) groups. Conclusion associated increase a hypertension at end third life.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
What Is Normal Growth? Principles, Practicalities and Pitfalls of Growth Assessments in Infants and Children DOI
Tanis R. Fenton, Nicole Gilbert, Seham Elmrayed

et al.

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 11

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Background:: Growth assessments are a pillar of public health surveillance, individual screening, and clinical care. Normal growth is defined differently for individuals versus populations. The World Health Organization (WHO) standards were developed to describe the pattern in healthy children without socioeconomic limitations whose mothers planned breastfeed. standards’ cut-off points ±2 standard deviations (z-scores) population assessments, based on attained size, stunting wasting at lower end overweight higher end. In population, one would expect 2.3% be above below these cut-points. Higher child mortality rates associated with noted observational studies validated WHO cut-offs. There knowledge gaps influencing accuracy effectiveness children, posing challenges care providers. Summary:: principles assessing normal preterm infants reviewed, along pitfalls avoided. determined by genetics modified interplay nutritional, environmental, socioeconomic, possibly intergenerational factors. This complexity reflected both level. However, an has unique-specific factors so requires comprehensive assessment. could as progression changes anthropometric measurements achieve individual’s genetic potential. A misdiagnosis faltering can occur if asses one-time rather than serial measures, age not corrected prematurity. provider sensitivity cognizance when communicating about child’s size important parental reassurance avoiding stigma unnecessary pressures or restrictions around feeding.

Language: Английский

Citations

0