The Emerging Neuroscience of Intrinsic Motivation: A New Frontier in Self-Determination Research

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 24, 2017

Intrinsic motivation refers to people's spontaneous tendencies be curious and interested, seek out challenges, exercise develop their skills knowledge, even in the absence of operationally separable rewards. Over past four decades, experimental field research guided by self-determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2017) has found intrinsic predict enhanced learning, performance, creativity, optimal development, psychological wellness. Only recently, however, have studies begun examine neurobiological substrates motivation. In present paper, we trace history research, compare contrast closely related topics (flow, curiosity, trait plasticity), link key findings comparative affective neurosciences, review burgeoning neuroscience on We converging evidence suggesting that intrinsically motivated exploratory mastery behaviors are phylogenetically ancient subserved dopaminergic systems. Studies also suggest is associated with patterns activity across large-scale neural networks, namely, those support salience detection, attentional control, self-referential cognition. novel directions offer recommendations for application methods study

Language: Английский

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A Cybernetic Theory of Psychopathology

Psychological Inquiry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 29(3), P. 117 - 138

Published: July 3, 2018

Cybernetics, the study of principles governing goal-directed, self-regulating systems, offers a useful approach to understanding psychopathology or psychological dysfunction, overcoming limitations other naturalistic approaches. Whereas influential theories have relied on definitions dysfunction rooted in evolution and fitness, we define terms cybernetic failure make progress toward important goals. Cybernetic function organisms is not identical evolutionary function, despite their causal phylogenetic relationship. We as persistent move one's goals, due generate effective new interpretations, strategies when existing ones prove unsuccessful. This definition allows thorough integration dimensional approaches personality provides perspective nosology mental disorder. review evidence that major dimensions correspond trait personality, but assert extremity these neither necessary nor sufficient for psychopathology, which requires dysfunction. Drawing from neurobiological research present theory mechanisms underlying five some subdimensions, general risk factor psychopathology. conclude by discussing implications our research, diagnosis, health interventions.

Language: Английский

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The Neuropsychology of Anxiety

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2024

Abstract The Neuropsychology of Anxiety first appeared in 1982 as the volume Oxford Psychology Series, and it quickly established itself classic work on subject. It second edition (appearing 2000) have been cited at a steadily increasing rate passing 500/year 2017. field has continued to expand last quarter century necessitating this third edition. This completely updated revised (with many figures converted colour) retains original core concepts while expanding often simplifying details. includes new chapter prefrontal cortex, which integrates frontal hippocampal views anxiety an extensively modified personality providing basis for further developments Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory. book is essential postgraduate students researchers experimental psychology neuroscience, well all clinical psychologists psychiatrists.

Language: Английский

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The evolutionary genetics of personality revisited

Current Opinion in Psychology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 7, P. 104 - 109

Published: Sept. 3, 2015

Language: Английский

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The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 3, 2020

Research on personality psychology is making important contributions to psychological science and applied psychology. This second edition of The Cambridge Handbook Personality Psychology offers a one-stop resource for scientific It summarizes cutting-edge research in all its forms, including genetics, psychometrics, social-cognitive psychology, real-world expressions, with informative lively chapters that also highlight some areas controversy. team renowned international authors, led by two esteemed editors, ensures wide range theoretical perspectives. Each area discussed terms foundations, main theories findings, future directions research. handbook features advances technology, such as molecular genetics functional neuroimaging, well contemporary statistical approaches. An invaluable aid understanding the central role played it will appeal students, researchers, practitioners behavioral neuroscience, social sciences.

Language: Английский

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Gender differences in the relationship of weight-based stigmatisation with motivation to exercise and physical activity in overweight individuals

Health Psychology Open, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Weight stigma is related to lower levels of motivation exercise in overweight and obesity. This study explored the nature relationship between stigma, physical activity while accounting for gender differences. Participants were 439 adults with obesity (mean body mass index = 32.18 kg/m 2 , standard deviation 4.09 ). Females reported significantly more frequent experiences than males. Mediation models found a conditional direct effect weight males, higher frequency walking vigorous activity. A indirect was females walking, moderate activity, autonomous motivation, Findings suggest that males are affected differently by weight-stigma experiences.

Language: Английский

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How is extraversion related to social media use? A literature review

Personality and Individual Differences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 164, P. 110040 - 110040

Published: May 8, 2020

Language: Английский

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Personality neuroscience: An emerging field with bright prospects

Personality Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Personality neuroscience is the study of persistent psychological individual differences, typically in general population, using neuroscientific methods. It has potential to shed light on neurobiological mechanisms underlying differences and their manifestation ongoing behavior experience. The field was inaugurated many decades ago, yet only really gained momentum last two, as suitable technologies have become widely available. employs a broad range methods, including molecular genetics, pharmacological assays or manipulations, electroencephalography, various neuroimaging modalities, such magnetic resonance imaging positron emission tomography. Although exciting progress being made this young field, much remains unknown. In brief review, we discuss discoveries that been made, methodological challenges advances, important questions remain be answered. We also best practices for personality research promising future directions field.

Language: Английский

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Temperament and brain networks of attention

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 373(1744), P. 20170254 - 20170254

Published: Feb. 26, 2018

The attention networks of the human brain are important control systems that develop from infancy into adulthood. While they common to everyone, differ in efficiency, forming basis individual differences attention. We have developed methods for measuring efficiency these older children and adults also examined their development infancy. During alerting orienting dominant infant's actions, but later an executive network dominates. Each has been associated with its main neuromodulator led associations genes related neuromodulator. links between parent reports child's effortful allow us associate molecular mechanisms fundamental behavioural outcomes. This article is part theme issue ‘Diverse perspectives on diversity: multi-disciplinary approaches taxonomies differences’.

Language: Английский

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Trait compassion is associated with the neural substrate of empathy

Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 1018 - 1027

Published: June 30, 2017

Individual differences in the personality trait Agreeableness underlie humans' ability to interpret social cues and coordinate effectively with others. However, previous investigations of neural basis have yielded largely inconsistent results. Recent evidence has demonstrated that can be divided into two, correlated subdimensions. Compassion reflects tendencies toward empathy, sympathy, concern for others, while Politeness compliance refraining from aggression exploitation. The present study seeks clarify substrates by examining whether structural brain show distinct associations Politeness. Results a meta-analysis fMRI studies empathy were used generate hypotheses about regions networks Compassion. large-scale neuroimaging investigation (N = 275) consistent meta-analysis: was positively gray matter volume bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) insula (AI). Further, these appear associated specifically, as opposed Politeness, suggesting two traits at least partially neuroanatomical substrates.

Language: Английский

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