Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Enhancing Plant Stress Resistance: A Review

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 3060 - 3060

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

Biotic and abiotic stress factors are pivotal considerations in agriculture due to their potential cause crop losses, food insecurity, economic repercussions. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO nanoparticles) have gained substantial attention from researchers worldwide for capacity alleviate the detrimental impacts of both biotic on plants, concurrently reducing dependence environmentally harmful chemicals. This article provides an overview methods synthesizing ZnO nanoparticles, encompassing physical vapor deposition, ball milling, hydrothermal methods, solvothermal precipitation microwave microbial synthesis, plant-mediated synthesis. Additionally, it delves into absorption, translocation, biotransformation pathways within plants. The emphasis lies elucidating safeguard plants against stress, enhance plant performance, modulate various processes. also offers a preliminary exploration mechanisms underlying tolerance mediated by nanoparticles. In conclusion, present friendly cost-effective strategy management, paving way integration nanotechnology sustainable agriculture. opens new possibilities leveraging bolster resilience ever-changing climate conditions, ensuring global security.

Language: Английский

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Auxin metabolism and the modulation of plant growth

Environmental and Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 226, P. 105917 - 105917

Published: July 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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A review of the carbon sequestration potential of fruit trees and their implications for climate change mitigation: The case of Ethiopia

Cogent Food & Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Carbon sequestration is defined as the process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Fruit crops are indispensable both for climate change mitigation ensuring food security. However, impact fruit trees not adequately investigated. This review assesses potential their implications mitigation. use photosynthesis to absorb CO2 from atmosphere assimilate it into cellulose, lowering buildup. Horn Africa most vulnerable region change, Ethiopia also facing unpredictable weather, which brings sporadic floods droughts that harm agricultural sectors. Dramatic rise 280 ppm in 1850 420.2 ± 0.5 2023 reported link with human activity. In Ethiopian farms, multipurpose rarely cultivated, only experience planting homestead areas. Even though have an enormous store carbon, destruction those results greenhouse gas. Tree plants, including trees, thought 0.42 0.65 pentagrams per year. Above- below-ground biomasses been described sink more than 40% carbon. Agroforestry practices should adopt all species on basis growing stratum. Therefore, order oblige countries versatile meet nutrition security, sequestration, efforts political economic sustainability.

Language: Английский

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Embracing plant plasticity or robustness as a means of ensuring food security

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

The dual challenges of global population explosion and environmental deterioration represent major hurdles for 21st Century agriculture culminating in an unprecedented demand food security. In this Review, we revisit historical concepts plasticity canalization before integrating them with contemporary studies genotype-environment interactions (G×E) that are currently being carried out at the genome-wide level. doing so address both fundamental questions regarding G×E potential strategies to best secure yields current future climate scenarios. Breeding adaptive crop cultivars under changing scenario is anything but easy. Here, authors review their integration genotype-environmental objective facilitate breeding.

Language: Английский

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Climate change threatens crop diversity at low latitudes

Nature Food, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Climate change alters the climatic suitability of croplands, likely shifting spatial distribution and diversity global food crop production. Analyses future potential have been limited to a small number crops. Here we project geographical shifts in niches 30 major crops under 1.5-4 °C warming assess their impact on current production across croplands. We found that low-latitude regions, 10-31% would shift outside niche even 2 warming, increasing 20-48% 3 warming. Concurrently, decline 52% (+2 °C) 56% (+3 cropland. However, increase mid high latitudes, offering opportunities for climate adaptation. These results highlight substantial latitudinal differences adaptation vulnerability system

Language: Английский

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Biotechnological Approaches for Host Plant Resistance to Insect Pests

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 2, 2022

Annually, the cost of insect pest control in agriculture crosses billions dollars around world. Until recently, broad-spectrum synthetic pesticides were considered as most effective means agriculture. However, over years, overreliance on has caused adverse effects beneficial insects, human health and environment, led to development pesticide resistant insects. There is a critical need for alternative management strategies aiming minimum use conservation natural enemies maintaining ecological balance environment. Host plant resistance plays vital role integrated but insect-resistant varieties through conventional ways host takes time, challenging it involves many quantitative traits positioned at various loci. Biotechnological approaches such gene editing, transformation, marker-assisted selection etc. this direction have recently opened up new era options. These could contribute towards about exploring much wider array novel insecticidal genes that would otherwise be beyond scope breeding. interventions can alter expression level pattern well transgenic with improve by providing access molecules. This review will discuss emerging biotechnological tools available develop engineered crop genotypes better ability resist attack pests.

Language: Английский

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The Key to the Future Lies in the Past: Insights from Grain Legume Domestication and Improvement Should Inform Future Breeding Strategies

Plant and Cell Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 63(11), P. 1554 - 1572

Published: June 17, 2022

Abstract Crop domestication is a co-evolutionary process that has rendered plants and animals significantly dependent on human interventions for survival propagation. Grain legumes have played an important role in the development of Neolithic agriculture some 12,000 years ago. Despite being early companions cereals origin evolution agriculture, understanding grain legume lagged behind cereals. Adapting use resulted distinct morpho-physiological changes between wild ancestors domesticates, this distinction been focus several studies aimed at genetic diversity bottlenecks created. Growing evidence from research archeological remains, combined with analysis geographical distribution forms, improved resolution domestication, diversification crop improvement. In review, we summarize significance relatives as reservoirs novel variation breeding programs. We describe key features, which evolved response to anthropogenic activities. Here, highlight how whole genome sequencing incorporation omics-level data expanded our capacity monitor accompanying these processes. Finally, present perspective alternative routes centered de novo re-domestication impart significant agronomic advances crops over existing commodities. A finely resolved history will uncover future targets develop modern cultivars enriched alleles improve yield, quality stress tolerance.

Language: Английский

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The effects of multifactorial stress combination on rice and maize

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 194(3), P. 1358 - 1369

Published: Oct. 17, 2023

Abstract The complexity of environmental factors affecting crops in the field is gradually increasing due to climate change-associated weather events, such as droughts or floods combined with heat waves, coupled accumulation different and agricultural pollutants. impact multiple stress conditions on plants was recently termed “multifactorial combination” (MFSC) defined occurrence 3 more stressors that simultaneously sequentially. We reported increased number MFSC stressors, growth survival Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings declines, even if level each individual low enough have no significant effect plants. However, whether would commercial crop cultivars largely unknown. Here, we reveal a 5 low-level abiotic stresses (salinity, heat, herbicide paraquat, phosphorus deficiency, heavy metal cadmium), applied an complexity, has negative biomass rice (Oryza sativa) cultivar maize (Zea mays) hybrid. Proteomics, element content, mixOmics analyses identified proteins correlate seedlings, analysis 42 genotypes subjected revealed substantial genetic variability responses this unique state combination. Taken together, our findings impacts 2 species are severe may substantially affect productivity.

Language: Английский

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Distinctive Structure and Assembly of Phyllosphere Microbial Communities between Wild and Cultivated Rice

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Wild rice has been demonstrated to possess enriched genetic diversity and multiple valuable traits involved in disease/pest resistance abiotic stress tolerance, which provides a potential resource for sustainable agriculture. However, unlike the plant compartments such as rhizosphere, structure assembly of phyllosphere microbial communities wild remain largely unexplored. Through amplicon sequencing, this study compared bacterial fungal its neighboring cultivated rice. The core taxa both are dominated with Pantoea, Methylobacterium, Nigrospora, Papiliotrema, potentially beneficial growth health. Compared rice, Sphingomonas, Phaeosphaeria, Khuskia were significantly phyllosphere. nitrogen-fixing Methylobacterium is wild-enriched microbe; Sphingomonas hub taxon networks. In addition, microbiota was more governed by deterministic complicated stable community network than Our list microbes reveals divergence between original habitats, highlights selective role recruiting specific microbiomes enhancing crop performance promoting food production. IMPORTANCE Plant being considered lever increase sustainability production under changing climate. particular, associated ancestors modern cultivars have support their domesticated cultivars. few efforts devoted studying biodiversity functions native habitats species. This explores interaction patterns functional profiles information could be useful future utilization microbiome enhance sustainability, especially framework agroecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Deep insights into biodegradability mechanism and growth cycle adaptability of polylactic acid/hyperbranched cellulose nanocrystal composite mulch

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 127866 - 127866

Published: Nov. 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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