Slight power output manipulations around the maximal lactate steady state have a similar impact on fatigue in females and males

Journal of Applied Physiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 130(6), P. 1879 - 1892

Published: April 29, 2021

Neuromuscular fatigue (NMF) and exercise performance are affected by intensity sex differences. However, whether slight changes in power output (PO) below above the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) impact NMF subsequent (time to task failure, TTF) is unknown. This study compared TTF females males response performed at MLSS, 10 W (MLSS-10) (MLSS+10). Twenty participants (9 females) three 30-min constant-PO bouts followed (1-min delay) a 80% of peak-PO. was characterized isometric voluntary contractions (IMVC) femoral nerve electrical stimulation knee extensors [e.g., peak torque potentiated high-frequency (Db100) single twitch (TwPt)] before immediately after bouts. IMVC declined less MLSS-10 (-18 ± 10%) MLSS (-26 14%) MLSS+10 (-31 11%; all P < 0.05), Db100 decline greater (-24 other intensities (MLSS-10: -15 9%; MLSS: -18 0.05). Females showed smaller reductions, relative baseline, TwPt (all this difference being not dependent on intensity. negatively impacted increasing PO (P 0.001), with no differences end-exercise > Slight manipulations around elicited great reduction force impairments contractile function. Although lower males, both sexes similarly.NEW & NOTEWORTHY It unknown minimum affect neuromuscular development males. The present data that decrease or increase relation function, respectively. Even though had an overall than similar intensity-dependent occurred independently sex.

Language: Английский

---

Impact of training modes on fitness and body composition in women with obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Obesity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(2), P. 300 - 319

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Abstract Objective This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of different exercise modalities and determine optimal prescription for improving cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, metabolic health women with obesity. Methods A systematic review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 1988 October 2020 was conducted. The RCTs were screened using following inclusion criteria: 1) participants: aged 18 65 years BMI > 30 kg/m 2 without comorbidities; 2) intervention: exercise; 3) comparison: non‐intervention control; 4) outcomes measures: fitness (maximal oxygen consumption), composition (i.e., weight, percentage fat), and/or measures blood pressure, cholesterol). Results total 20 a 2,062 participants included. Although results showed that any form more effective than control, improvements in modest. Aerobic (vigorous moderate intensity) appeared most promising whereas low‐load resistance training resulted largest fatness. Conclusions In living obesity, aerobic consistently composition. both combined interventions appear promising, research is needed evaluate their efficacy an this population.

Language: Английский

---

Exercise Counteracts the Deleterious Effects of Cancer Cachexia

Cancers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 2512 - 2512

Published: May 19, 2022

Cancer cachexia (CC) is a multifactorial syndrome characterised by unintentional loss of body weight and muscle mass in patients with cancer. The major hallmarks associated CC development progression include imbalanced protein turnover, inflammatory signalling, mitochondrial dysfunction satellite cell dysregulation. So far, there no effective treatment to counteract wasting CC. Exercise training has been proposed as potential therapeutic approach for This review provides an overview the effects exercise CC-related mechanisms well how factors such cancer comorbidities, modality biological sex can influence effectiveness Evidence mice humans suggests combats all Several modalities induce beneficial adaptations patients/animals CC, but concurrent resistance endurance considered optimal type exercise. In case presenting should be performed only under specific guidelines precautions avoid adverse effects. Observational comparison studies using different shows exercise-induced are similar between male female cancer, further needed confirm this.

Language: Английский

---

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Differences in Mean Propulsive Velocity between Men and Women in Different Exercises

Sports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 118 - 118

Published: June 13, 2023

The purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis studies examining the differences in mean propulsive velocities between men women different exercises studied (squat, bench press, inclined press military press). Quality Assessment Validity Tool for Correlational Studies used assess methodological quality included studies. Six good excellent were included. Our compared at three most significant loads force-velocity profile (30, 70 90% 1RM). A total six review, with sample 249 participants (136 113 women). results main indicated that velocity is lower than 30% 1RM (ES = 1.30 ± 0.30; CI: 0.99-1.60; p < 0.001) 70% 0.92 0.29; 0.63, 1.21; 0.001). In contrast, 0.27 0.27; 0.00, 0.55), we did not find (p 0.05). support notion prescription training load through same could cause receive stimuli men.

Language: Английский

---

The Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance: Consensus Statement for the American College of Sports Medicine

Translational Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 1 - 33

Published: Sept. 29, 2023

ABSTRACT Biological sex is a primary determinant of athletic performance because fundamental differences in anatomy and physiology dictated by chromosomes hormones. Adult men are typically stronger, more powerful, faster than women similar age training status. Thus, for events sports relying on endurance, muscle strength, speed, power, males outperform females 10%–30% depending the requirements event. These emerge with onset puberty coincide increase endogenous steroid hormones, particular testosterone males, which increases 30-fold adulthood, but remains low females. The goal this consensus statement to provide latest scientific knowledge mechanisms performance. This review highlights between that determinants response exercise training, role hormones (particularly estradiol). We also identify historical nonphysiological factors influence Finally, we gaps underlying mechanisms, providing substantial opportunities high-impact studies. A major step toward closing gap include equitable numbers mechanistic studies determine any an acute bout exercise,

Language: Английский

---