Cells,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
10(2), P. 220 - 220
Published: Jan. 22, 2021
Hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S)
has
a
long
history
as
toxic
gas
and
environmental
hazard;
inhibition
of
cytochrome
c
oxidase
(mitochondrial
Complex
IV)
is
viewed
primary
mode
its
cytotoxic
action.
However,
studies
conducted
over
the
last
two
decades
unveiled
multiple
biological
regulatory
roles
H2S
an
endogenously
produced
mammalian
gaseous
transmitter.
Cystathionine
γ-lyase
(CSE),
cystathionine
β-synthase
(CBS)
3-mercaptopyruvate
sulfurtransferase
(3-MST)
are
currently
principal
H2S-generating
enzymes.
In
contrast
to
inhibitory
(toxicological)
mitochondrial
effects,
at
lower
(physiological)
concentrations,
serves
stimulator
electron
transport
in
mitochondria,
by
acting
donor—with
sulfide:quinone
oxidoreductase
(SQR)
being
immediate
acceptor.
The
significant
various
cancer
cells,
many
which
exhibit
high
expression
partial
localization
producing
addition
stimulation
ATP
production,
endogenous
cells
include
maintenance
organization
(protection
against
fission)
DNA
repair
(via
assembly
complexes).
current
article
overviews
state-of-the-art
knowledge
regarding
functions
cells.
Physiological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
103(1), P. 31 - 276
Published: April 18, 2022
Over
the
last
two
decades,
hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S)
has
emerged
as
an
endogenous
regulator
of
a
broad
range
physiological
functions.
H2S
belongs
to
class
molecules
known
gasotransmitters,
which
typically
include
nitric
oxide
(NO)
and
carbon
monoxide
(CO).
Three
enzymes
are
recognized
sources
in
various
cells
tissues:
cystathionine
γ-lyase
(CSE),
β-synthase
(CBS),
3-mercaptopyruvate
sulfurtransferase
(3-MST).
The
present
article
reviews
regulation
these
well
pathways
their
enzymatic
nonenzymatic
degradation
elimination.
multiple
interactions
with
other
labile
(e.g.,
NO)
reactive
oxygen
species
also
outlined.
Next,
biological
targets
signaling
outlined,
special
reference
or
oxidative
posttranscriptional
modification
(persulfidation
sulfhydration)
proteins
effect
on
channels
intracellular
second
messenger
pathways,
gene
transcription
translation,
cellular
bioenergetics
metabolism.
pharmacological
molecular
tools
currently
available
study
physiology
reviewed,
including
utility
limitations.
In
subsequent
sections,
role
functions
is
membrane
potential,
endo-
exocytosis,
cell
organelles
(endoplasmic
reticulum,
Golgi,
mitochondria),
movement,
cycle,
differentiation,
aspects
regulated
death.
roles
types
organ
systems
overviewed,
red
blood
cells,
immune
central
peripheral
nervous
(with
focus
neuronal
transmission,
learning,
memory
formation),
vascular
function
(including
angiogenesis
its
specialized
cerebrovascular,
renal,
pulmonary
beds)
senses,
vision,
hearing,
taste
smell,
pain-sensing.
Finally,
(lung,
heart,
liver,
kidney,
urogenital
organs,
reproductive
system,
bone
cartilage,
skeletal
muscle,
endocrine
organs)
presented,
aging)
but
extending
some
common
pathophysiological
conditions.
From
data,
wide
array
significant
all
emerges
characteristic
bell-shaped
biphasic
effects
highlighted.
addition,
key
aspects,
debated
areas,
future
research
translational
areas
identified.
Pharmacological Research,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
161, P. 105119 - 105119
Published: Aug. 8, 2020
Hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S)
is
now
recognized
as
an
endogenous
signaling
gasotransmitter
in
mammals.
It
produced
by
mammalian
cells
and
tissues
various
enzymes
-
predominantly
cystathionine
β-synthase
(CBS),
γ-lyase
(CSE)
3-mercaptopyruvate
sulfurtransferase
(3-MST)
but
part
of
the
H2S
intestinal
microbiota
(colonic
H2S-producing
bacteria).
Here
we
summarize
available
information
on
production
functional
role
cell
types
typically
associated
with
innate
immunity
(neutrophils,
macrophages,
dendritic
cells,
natural
killer
mast
basophils,
eosinophils)
adaptive
(T
B
lymphocytes)
under
normal
conditions
it
relates
to
development
inflammatory
immune
diseases.
Special
attention
paid
physiological
pathophysiological
aspects
oral
cavity
colon,
where
parenchymal
are
exposed
a
special
"H2S
environment"
due
bacterial
production.
has
many
cellular
molecular
targets.
Immune
"surrounded"
"cloud"
H2S,
result
exogenous
from
surrounding
which,
turn,
importantly
regulates
their
viability
function.
Downregulation
producing
diseases,
or
genetic
defects
biosynthetic
enzyme
systems
either
lead
spontaneous
autoimmune
disease
accelerate
onset
worsen
severity
immune-mediated
diseases
(e.g.
rheumatoid
arthritis
asthma).
Low,
regulated
amounts
when
therapeutically
delivered
small
molecule
donors,
improve
function
protect
them
against
dysfunction
induced
noxious
stimuli
reactive
oxygen
species
oxidized
LDL).
These
effects
contribute
maintenance
functions,
can
stimulate
antimicrobial
defenses
exert
anti-inflammatory
therapeutic
Redox Biology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
38, P. 101772 - 101772
Published: Oct. 28, 2020
Hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S)
was
once
considered
to
have
only
toxic
properties,
until
it
discovered
be
an
endogenous
signaling
molecule.
The
effects
of
H2S
are
dose
dependent,
with
lower
concentrations
being
beneficial
and
higher
concentrations,
cytotoxic.
This
scenario
is
especially
true
for
the
on
mitochondrial
function,
where
gasotransmitter
inhibit
electron
transport
chain,
stimulate
bioenergetics
in
multiple
ways.
Here
we
review
role
function
its
cellular
physiology.
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
10(5), P. 697 - 697
Published: April 30, 2020
Cystathionine-β-synthase
(CBS),
the
first
(and
rate-limiting)
enzyme
in
transsulfuration
pathway,
is
an
important
mammalian
health
and
disease.
Its
biochemical
functions
under
physiological
conditions
include
metabolism
of
homocysteine
(a
cytotoxic
molecule
cardiovascular
risk
factor)
generation
hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S),
a
gaseous
biological
mediator
with
multiple
regulatory
roles
vascular,
nervous,
immune
system.
CBS
up-regulated
several
diseases,
including
Down
syndrome
many
forms
cancer;
these
conditions,
preclinical
data
indicate
that
inhibition
or
inactivation
exerts
beneficial
effects.
This
article
overviews
current
information
on
expression,
tissue
distribution,
roles,
biochemistry
CBS,
followed
by
comprehensive
overview
direct
indirect
approaches
to
inhibit
enzyme.
Among
small-molecule
inhibitors,
review
highlights
specificity
selectivity
problems
related
commonly
used
“CBS
inhibitors”
(e.g.,
aminooxyacetic
acid)
provides
their
pharmacological
actions
various
disease
models.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
50(13), P. 7436 - 7495
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
Compounds
with
a
nitrobenzoxadiazole
(NBD)
skeleton
exhibit
high
reactivity
toward
biological
nucleophilies
accompanied
by
distinct
colorimetric
and
fluorescent
changes,
environmental
sensitivity,
small
size,
all
of
which
facilitate
biomolecular
sensing
self-assembly.
Chemical Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12(20), P. 6772 - 6799
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
MOFs
are
promising
candidates
for
the
capture
of
toxic
gases
such
as
SO2,
H2S,
NH3
and
NOx.
Understanding
role
different
chemical
functionalities,
within
pores
MOFs,
is
key
accomplishing
superior
captures
these
gases.
Bioactive Materials,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
19, P. 198 - 216
Published: April 13, 2022
Hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S)
plays
an
important
role
in
regulating
various
pathological
processes
such
as
protecting
mammalian
cell
from
harmful
injuries,
promoting
tissue
regeneration,
and
the
process
of
diseases
caused
by
physiological
disorders.
Studies
have
revealed
that
effects
H2S
are
highly
associated
with
its
concentrations.
At
relatively
low
concentration,
shows
beneficial
functions.
However,
long-time
high-dose
donation
would
inhibit
regular
biological
process,
resulting
dysfunction
apoptosis.
To
regulate
dosage
delivery
for
precision
medicine,
systems
intelligent
characteristics
were
developed
a
variety
biocompatibility
polymers
been
utilized
to
establish
polymeric
systems,
abilities
specifically
target
lesions,
smartly
respond
microenvironments,
well
real-timely
monitor
lesion
conditions
incorporating
imaging-capable
moieties.
In
this
review,
we
focus
on
design,
preparation,
therapeutic
applications
cardiovascular
therapy,
inflammatory
regenerative
cancer
therapy
bacteria-associated
therapy.
Strategies
precise
therapies
especially
imaging-guided
theranostics
highlighted.
Since
donors
stimuli-responsive
characters
vital
components
establishing
development
is
also
briefly
introduced.