Agricultural management and pesticide use reduce the functioning of beneficial plant symbionts

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(8), P. 1145 - 1154

Published: July 7, 2022

Language: Английский

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Conservation Agriculture and Soil Organic Carbon: Principles, Processes, Practices and Policy Options

Soil Systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 17 - 17

Published: Feb. 22, 2023

Intensive agriculture causes land degradation and other environmental problems, such as pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, biodiversity decline, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which exacerbate climate change. Sustainable agricultural practices, reduced tillage, growing cover crops, implementing crop residue retention measures, have been proposed cost-effective solutions that can address degradation, food security, change mitigation adaptation by enhancing organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in soils its associated co-benefits. In this regard, extensive research has demonstrated conservation (CA) improves physical, chemical, biological properties are crucial for maintaining health increasing agroecosystem resilience to global However, despite the undertaken implement three principles of CA (minimum mechanical disturbance, permanent with residues and/or diversification) worldwide, there still many technical socio-economic barriers restrict their adoption. review, we gather current knowledge on potential agronomic, environmental, benefits drawbacks present agro-environmental policy frameworks. Research needs identified, more stringent measures urgently encouraged achieve targets.

Language: Английский

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Actions to halt biodiversity loss generally benefit the climate

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(9), P. 2846 - 2874

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

The two most urgent and interlinked environmental challenges humanity faces are climate change biodiversity loss. We entering a pivotal decade for both the international agendas with sharpening of ambitious strategies targets by Convention on Biological Diversity United Nations Framework Climate Change. Within their respective Conventions, have largely been addressed separately. There is evidence that conservation actions halt, slow or reverse loss can simultaneously anthropogenic mediated significantly. This review highlights which largest potential mitigation change. note mainly synergistic benefits few antagonistic trade-offs mitigation. Specifically, we identify direct co-benefits in 14 out 21 action draft post-2020 global framework Diversity, notwithstanding many indirect links also support These relationships context scale-dependent; therefore, showcase examples local be incentivized, guided prioritized objectives targets. close interlinkages between biodiversity, mitigation, other nature's contributions to people good quality life seldom as integrated they should management policy. aims re-emphasize vital timely manner, major Conferences Parties about negotiate strategic frameworks goals decades come.

Language: Английский

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The impact of crop diversification, tillage and fertilization type on soil total microbial, fungal and bacterial abundance: A worldwide meta-analysis of agricultural sites

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 329, P. 107867 - 107867

Published: Jan. 22, 2022

Microorganisms play a key role in nutrient cycling agriculture and can contribute to improve soil quality enhance crop production. Thus, there is need identify the most suitable management practices which foster increases microbial biomass diversity. A meta-analysis was performed assess changes abundance agricultural soils affected by: (i) (tillage, fertilization diversification); (ii) environmental factors, including climate characteristics properties. The scope of evaluate whether abundances are or not by organic no fertilization, diversification (intercropping rotations) conservation tillage (reduced tillage/no-tillage) as an alternative intensive conventional monocultures agriculture. Only papers showing data on phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), providing indicators about (total PLFA), fungal bacterial reached critical mass perform meta-analysis. Therefore, diversity could be analyzed considering different practices. Results showed that intercropping rotations only significantly increased fungi, with corresponding increase fungal-to-bacterial ratio. Organic contributed significant total PLFA compared mineral fertilization. Contrarily, lack negatively PLFA, effect abundances. Reduced tillage, while had positive fungi. general pattern, adoption sustainable practices, mostly reduced has overall effects microbial, abundance. These variables were related physicochemical properties climatic suggesting global this study shows new insights studies abundances, needed for land-managers, policy-makers farmers select cropping systems

Language: Английский

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Understanding the spatial relationships and drivers of ecosystem service supply-demand mismatches towards spatially-targeted management of social-ecological system

Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 406, P. 136882 - 136882

Published: March 31, 2023

Language: Английский

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