Behavioral state-dependent modulation of insulin-producing cells in Drosophila

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(3), P. 449 - 463.e5

Published: Dec. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Genome‐wide transcriptomic changes reveal the genetic pathways involved in insect migration

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(16), P. 4332 - 4350

Published: July 8, 2022

Insects are capable of extraordinary feats long-distance movement that have profound impacts on the function terrestrial ecosystems. The ability to undertake these movements arose multiple times through evolution a suite traits make up migratory syndrome, however underlying genetic pathways involved remain poorly understood. Migratory hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) an emerging model group for studies migration. They seasonal in huge numbers across large parts globe and important pollinators, biological control agents decomposers. Here, we assembled high-quality draft genome marmalade hoverfly (Episyrphus balteatus). We leveraged this genomic resource genome-wide transcriptomic comparison actively migrating Episyrphus, captured from high mountain pass as they flew south overwinter, with transcriptomes summer forms which were non-migratory. identified 1543 genes very strong evidence differential expression. Interrogation gene set reveals remarkable range roles metabolism, muscle structure function, hormonal regulation, immunity, stress resistance, flight feeding behaviour, longevity, reproductive diapause sensory perception. These features migrant phenotype arisen by integration modification such insulin signalling JAK/SAT those leading octopamine production fuelling boost capabilities. Our results provide powerful future research, paint comprehensive picture global expression changes insect, identifying key components life-history strategy.

Language: Английский

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A high-sugar diet, but not obesity, reduces female fertility in Drosophila melanogaster

Development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150(20)

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

ABSTRACT Obesity is linked to reduced fertility in various species, from Drosophila humans. Considering that obesity often induced by changes diet or eating behavior, it remains unclear whether obesity, diet, both reduce fertility. Here, we show females on a high-sugar become rapidly obese and less fertile as result of increased death early germline cysts vitellogenic egg chambers (or follicles). They also have high glycogen, glucose trehalose levels develop insulin resistance their fat bodies (but not ovaries). By contrast, with adipocyte-specific knockdown the anti-obesity genes brummer adipose are but normal Remarkably, supplemented separate source water mostly levels, despite persistent glycogen body resistance. These findings demonstrate affects specific processes oogenesis independently resistance, correlate alone does impair

Language: Английский

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Investigating local and systemic intestinal signalling in health and disease with Drosophila

Disease Models & Mechanisms, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(3)

Published: March 1, 2022

ABSTRACT Whole-body health relies on complex inter-organ signalling networks that enable organisms to adapt environmental perturbations and changes in tissue homeostasis. The intestine plays a major role as centre by producing local systemic signals are relayed the body maintain intestinal organismal Consequently, disruption of homeostasis associated with diseases multi-organ dysfunction. In recent years, fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has emerged prime model organism study tissue-intrinsic adult due its genetic tractability functional conservation mammals. this Review, we highlight research contributed our understanding how interacts microenvironment distant organs. We discuss implications these findings for whole-body pathophysiology, future studies might advance knowledge interplay between rest disease.

Language: Английский

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A role for glia in cellular and systemic metabolism: insights from the fly

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 53, P. 100947 - 100947

Published: June 28, 2022

Excitability and synaptic transmission make neurons high-energy consumers. However, do not store carbohydrates or lipids. Instead, they need support cells to fuel their metabolic demands. This role is assumed by glia, both in vertebrates invertebrates. Many questions remain regarding the coupling between neuronal activity energy demand on one hand, nutrient supply glia other hand. Here, we review recent advances showing that fly similar vertebrates, times of high energetic demand, such as during memory formation long-term storage. Vertebrate also play a modulation neurons, communication, behavior, including food search feeding. We discuss literature pointing roles behavior metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Endocrine control of glycogen and triacylglycerol breakdown in the fly model

Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 138, P. 104 - 116

Published: April 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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From worms to humans: Understanding intestinal lipid metabolism via model organisms

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1868(4), P. 159290 - 159290

Published: Feb. 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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Bone morphogenetic protein signaling: the pathway and its regulation

Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 226(2)

Published: Dec. 20, 2023

Abstract In the mid-1960s, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were first identified in extracts of to have remarkable ability induce heterotopic bone. When Drosophila gene decapentaplegic (dpp) was share sequence similarity with mammalian BMP2/BMP4 late-1980s, it became clear that secreted BMP ligands can mediate processes other than formation. Following this discovery, collaborative efforts between geneticists and biochemists made use strengths their respective model systems identify signaling components delineate pathway. The conduct genetic modifier screens relative ease critical identifying intracellular signal transducers for related transforming growth factor-beta/activin Such also revealed a host genes encode core regulators review, we provide historical account exciting time discovery discuss how field has advanced over past 30 years. We learned while pathway is quite simple, composed 3 (ligand, receptor, transducer), behind versatility lies multiple layers regulation ensures precise tissue-specific output. sampling these discoveries highlight many questions remain be answered fully understand complexity signaling.

Language: Английский

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Nazo, the Drosophila homolog of the NBIA-mutated protein–c19orf12, is required for triglyceride homeostasis

PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. e1011137 - e1011137

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Lipid dyshomeostasis has been implicated in a variety of diseases ranging from obesity to neurodegenerative disorders such as Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA). Here, we uncover the physiological role Nazo, Drosophila melanogaster homolog NBIA-mutated protein–c19orf12, whose function elusive. Ablation c19orf12 homologs leads dysregulation multiple lipid metabolism genes. nazo mutants exhibit markedly reduced gut droplet and whole-body triglyceride contents. Consequently, they are sensitive starvation oxidative stress. Nazo is required for maintaining normal levels Perilipin-2, an inhibitor lipase–Brummer. Concurrent knockdown Brummer or overexpression Perilipin-2 rescues phenotype, suggesting that this defect, at least part, may arise diminished on droplets leading aberrant Brummer-mediated lipolysis. Our findings potentially provide novel insights into possible link between neurodegeneration, particularly context NBIA.

Language: Английский

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Macrophages play a nutritive role in post-metamorphic maturation in Drosophila

Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 151(7)

Published: March 8, 2024

In the body of multicellular organisms, macrophages play an indispensable role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by removing old, apoptotic and damaged cells. addition, allow significant remodeling plans during embryonic morphogenesis, regeneration metamorphosis. Although huge amount organic matter that must be removed these processes represents a potential source nutrients, their further use organism has not yet been addressed. Here, we document that, metamorphosis, Drosophila larval adipose is infiltrated macrophages, which remove dying adipocytes efferocytosis engulf leaking RNA-protein granules lipids. Consequently, infiltrating transiently adopt adipocyte-like metabolic profile to convert remnants lipoproteins storage peptides nutritionally support post-metamorphic development. This process fundamental for full maturation ovaries achievement early fecundity individuals. Whether analogous other situations cell removal remains elucidated.

Language: Английский

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