Sleep Deprivation and Insomnia in Adolescence: Implications for Mental Health

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 569 - 569

Published: March 28, 2023

Sleep changes significantly throughout the human lifespan. Physiological modifications in sleep regulation, common with many mammals (especially circadian rhythms), predispose adolescents to loss until early adulthood. Adolescents are one-sixth of all beings and at high risk for mental diseases (particularly mood disorders) self-injury. This has been attributed incredible number occurring a limited time window that encompasses rapid biological psychosocial modifications, which teens at-risk behaviors. Adolescents’ patterns have investigated as biunivocal cause potential damaging conditions, insufficient may be both consequence health problems. The recent COVID-19 pandemic particular made detrimental contribution adolescents’ quality. In this review, we aim summarize knowledge field explore implications (and future adults’) physical health, well outline strategies prevention.

Language: Английский

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor from microglia regulates neuronal development in the medial prefrontal cortex and its associated social behavior

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 1338 - 1349

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Abstract Microglia and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are essential for the neuroplasticity that characterizes critical developmental periods. The experience-dependent development of social behaviors—associated with medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)—has a period during juvenile in mice. However, whether microglia BDNF affect remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to elucidate effects microglia-derived on behaviors mPFC development. Mice underwent isolation p21–p35 had increased Bdnf accompanied by reduced adulthood sociability. Additionally, transgenic mice overexpressing microglial —regulated using doxycycline at different time points—underwent behavioral, electrophysiological, gene expression analyses. In these mice, long-term overexpression impaired sociability excessive inhibitory neuronal circuit activity. administering normalize from p21 normalized electrophysiological function mPFC, whereas normalizing later ages (p45–p50) did not abnormalities despite improved To evaluate possible role human sociability, analyzed relationship between adverse childhood experiences macrophages, proxy microglia. Results show positively correlated M2 but M1 macrophages. summary, our study demonstrated influence emphasizing its specific impact maturation function, particularly period. Furthermore, results propose translational implication suggesting potential link secretion macrophages humans.

Language: Английский

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Early life stress impairs synaptic pruning in the developing hippocampus

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 107, P. 16 - 31

Published: Sept. 26, 2022

Early life adversity impairs normal hippocampal function and connectivity in various mammalian species, including humans rodents. According to the 'cumulative model' number of early adversities can be summed up determine risk for developing psychopathology later life. In contrast, 'dimensional argues that 'Deprivation' 'Threat' impact different developmental processes should not added determining clinical outcomes. Here we examine these predictions male female mice exposed a single — limited bedding (LB) versus multiple unpredictable postnatal stress (UPS) focusing on microglia-mediated synaptic pruning hippocampus. Exposure both LB UPS reduced ramification microglia, impaired their ability phagocytose material vivo ex vivo, decreased expression TREM2. Abnormal phagocytic activity was associated with increased spine density CA1 pyramidal neurons seen 17-day-old groups persisted peri-pubescent 29-day-old mice. caused more severe impairment microglial engulfment compared UPS, outcomes were accompanied by UPS-specific increase several genes implicated pruning. We propose despite being stressor, represents form deprivation, appropriate levels stimulation during second third weeks are necessary support Further, this critical period development contributes abnormal

Language: Английский

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Adolescent sleep and the foundations of prefrontal cortical development and dysfunction

Progress in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 218, P. 102338 - 102338

Published: Aug. 10, 2022

Modern life poses many threats to good-quality sleep, challenging brain health across the lifespan. Curtailed or fragmented sleep may be particularly damaging during adolescence, when disruption by delayed chronotypes and societal pressures coincides with our brains preparing for adult via intense refinement of neural connectivity. These vulnerabilities converge on prefrontal cortex, one last regions mature a central hub limbic-cortical circuits underpinning decision-making, reward processing, social interactions emotion. Even subtle cortical development adolescence therefore have enduring impact. In this review, we integrate synaptic circuit mechanisms, glial biology, neurophysiology epidemiology, frame hypothesis highlighting implications adolescent circuitry cortex. Convergent evidence underscores importance acknowledging, quantifying optimizing sleep's contributions normative lifelong mental health.

Language: Английский

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Reorganization of adolescent prefrontal cortex circuitry is required for mouse cognitive maturation

Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 112(3), P. 421 - 440.e7

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

Most cognitive functions involving the prefrontal cortex emerge during late development. Increasing evidence links this delayed maturation to protracted timeline of development, which likely does not reach full maturity before end adolescence. However, underlying mechanisms that drive emergence and fine-tuning abilities adolescence, caused by circuit wiring, are still unknown. Here, we continuously monitored activity throughout postnatal development mice showed an initial increase was interrupted extensive microglia-mediated breakdown activity, followed rewiring elements achieve adult-like patterns synchrony. Interfering with these processes but adulthood, led a long-lasting microglia-induced disruption neuronal morphology decreased abilities. These results identified nonlinear reorganization circuits adolescence revealed its importance for adult network function processing.

Language: Английский

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Air pollution from biomass burning disrupts early adolescent cortical microarchitecture development

Environment International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 189, P. 108769 - 108769

Published: May 27, 2024

Exposure to outdoor particulate matter (PM

Language: Английский

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Nonenzymatic function of DPP4 promotes diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction through IGF-2R/PKA/SP1/ERp29/IP3R2 pathway-mediated impairment of Treg function and M1 microglia polarization

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 138, P. 155340 - 155340

Published: Oct. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Adolescence, the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis, and the Emergence of Psychiatric Disorders

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(4), P. 310 - 318

Published: Oct. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of the prenatal and early life stress effects on rodent microglia, astrocyte, and oligodendrocyte density and morphology

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 105202 - 105202

Published: April 26, 2023

Exposure to stress during early development may lead altered neurobiological functions, thus increasing the risk for psychiatric illnesses later in life. One potential mechanism associated with those outcomes is disruption of glial density and morphology, despite results from rodent studies have been conflicting. To address that we performed a systematic review meta-analysis investigated effects prenatal (PNS) life (ELS) on microglia, astrocyte, oligodendrocyte morphology within offspring. Our demonstrates animals exposed PNS or ELS showed significant increase microglia density, as well decreased density. Moreover, exposure induced an soma size. However, were unable identify astrocytes. Meta-regression indicated experimental protocol, sex, age, type tissue analyzed are important covariates impact results. Importantly, higher estimates young animals, while stronger adult animals. This set data reinforces alterations cells could play role stress-induced dysfunctions throughout development.

Language: Английский

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Role of the prefrontal cortical protease TACE/ADAM17 in neurobehavioral responses to chronic stress during adolescence

Brain and Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Introduction Chronic adolescent stress profoundly affects prefrontal cortical networks regulating top‐down behavior control. However, the neurobiological pathways contributing to stress‐induced alterations in brain and remain largely unknown. influences growth factors immune responses, which may, turn, disrupt maturation function of networks. The tumor necrosis factor alpha‐converting enzyme/a disintegrin metalloproteinase 17 (TACE/ADAM17) is a sheddase with essential functions maturation, behavior, inflammatory responses. This study aimed determine impact on cortex whether TACE/ADAM17 plays role these Methods We used Lewis rat model that incorporates critical elements chronic psychosocial stress, such as uncontrollability, unpredictability, lack social support, re‐experiencing trauma. Results during adolescence reduced acoustic startle reflex interactions while increasing extracellular free water content mRNA levels medial cortex. altered various ethological behavioral domains observation home cages (decreased ingestive behaviors increased walking, grooming, rearing behaviors). A group rats was injected intracerebrally either novel Accell™ SMARTpool siRNA or corresponding vehicle (control). RNAscope Multiplex Fluorescent v2 Assay visualize expression. Automated puncta quantification analyses demonstrated administration (59% reduction relative control). found received exhibited eating patterns (e.g., food intake time feeding zone light cycle). Conclusion supports sensitive suggests may be involved responses stress.

Language: Английский

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