The
neocortex
is
the
most
evolutionarily
advanced
part
of
mammalian
brain
and
responsible
for
a
multitude
important
tasks,
such
as
sensory
processing,
movement,
memory
learning
and,
in
humans,
cognition,
language.
Within
neocortex,
there
are
intricate
circuits
neurons
that
these
tasks.
These
comprised
delicate
balance
excitatory
inhibitory
neurons.
Inhibitory
interneurons
have
crucial
role
constraining
controlling
amount
excitation
brain;
disruptions
this
can
lead
to
number
neuropsychiatric
diseases
disorders.
Our
studies
focused
on
subpopulation
somatostatin-containing
(SOM)
interneurons,
which
known
be
processing.
Cell Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
43(4), P. 114059 - 114059
Published: April 1, 2024
Thalamocortical
loops
have
a
central
role
in
cognition
and
motor
control,
but
precisely
how
they
contribute
to
these
processes
is
unclear.
Recent
studies
showing
evidence
of
plasticity
thalamocortical
synapses
indicate
for
the
thalamus
shaping
cortical
dynamics
through
learning.
Since
signals
undergo
compression
from
cortex
thalamus,
we
hypothesized
that
computational
depends
critically
on
structure
corticothalamic
connectivity.
To
test
this,
identified
optimal
promotes
biologically
plausible
learning
synapses.
We
found
projections
specialized
communicate
an
efference
copy
output
benefit
while
communicating
modes
highest
variance
working
memory
tasks.
analyzed
neural
recordings
mice
performing
grasping
delayed
discrimination
tasks
communication
consistent
with
predictions.
These
results
suggest
orchestrates
functionally
precise
manner
structured
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 2, 2025
Abstract
The
mammalian
brain
is
a
thick
and
densely
layered
structure
comprising
huge
number
of
neurons
that
work
together
to
process
information
regulate
functions.
Although
various
optical
methods
have
been
developed
investigate
deep
dynamics,
they
are
limited
by
technical
constraints,
invasiveness,
suboptimal
spatial
resolution,
and/or
restricted
field
view.
To
overcome
these
limitations,
we
an
implantable,
optically
optimized
microprism
interface
with
refractive
index
matched
tissue
water,
enabling
minimally-invasive,
wide-field
two-photon
imaging
method
enhanced
brightness
sub-micron
resolution
in
prefrontal
areas.
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Oct. 26, 2023
Motor
learning
is
crucial
for
the
survival
of
many
animals.
Acquiring
a
new
motor
skill
involves
complex
alterations
in
both
local
neural
circuits
brain
regions
and
long-range
connections
between
them.
Such
changes
can
be
observed
anatomically
functionally.
The
primary
cortex
(M1)
integrates
information
from
diverse
plays
pivotal
role
acquisition
refinement
skills.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
how
affects
M1
at
synaptic,
cellular,
circuit
levels.
Wherever
applicable,
attempt
to
relate
compare
findings
humans,
non-human
primates,
rodents.
Understanding
underlying
principles
shared
by
different
species
will
deepen
our
understanding
neurobiological
computational
basis
learning.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
379(1906)
Published: June 10, 2024
Rodents
actively
learn
new
motor
skills
for
survival
in
reaction
to
changing
environments.
Despite
the
classic
view
of
primary
cortex
(M1)
as
a
simple
muscle
relay
region,
it
is
now
known
play
significant
role
skill
acquisition.
The
secondary
(M2)
reported
be
crucial
region
learning
well
its
execution
and
planning.
Although
these
two
regions
are
part
they
learning,
direct
connection
synaptic
correlates
between
remains
elusive.
Here,
we
confirm
M2
M1
connectivity
with
series
tracing
experiments.
We
also
show
that
accelerating
rotarod
task
successfully
induces
acquisition
mice.
For
mice
underwent
training,
learner
showed
increased
density
spine
head
size
synapses
activated
cell
populations
M1.
Non-learner
did
not
changes.
Collectively,
data
suggest
potential
importance
plasticity
mechanism
learning.
This
article
discussion
meeting
issue
‘Long-term
potentiation:
50
years
on’.
