20 years of the default mode network: A review and synthesis

Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(16), P. 2469 - 2487

Published: May 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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Distinct neurochemical influences on fMRI response polarity in the striatum

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract The striatum, known as the input nucleus of basal ganglia, is extensively studied for its diverse behavioral roles. However, relationship between neuronal and vascular activity, vital interpreting functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals, has not received comprehensive examination within striatum. Here, we demonstrate that optogenetic stimulation dorsal striatal neurons or their afferents from various cortical subcortical regions induces negative fMRI responses in rats, manifesting vasoconstriction. These occur even with heightened confirmed by electrophysiology fiber-photometry. In parallel, midbrain dopaminergic neuron modulation, coupled electrochemical measurements, establishes a link vasodilation dopamine release. Intriguingly, vivo intra-striatal pharmacological manipulations during highlight critical role opioidergic signaling generating This observation substantiated detecting vasoconstriction brain slices after synthetic opioid application. humans, aimed at increasing activity likewise elicit responses. Our results emphasize necessity considering vasoactive neurotransmission alongside when signal.

Language: Английский

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Mapping and comparing fMRI connectivity networks across species

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Abstract Technical advances in neuroimaging, notably fMRI, have allowed distributed patterns of functional connectivity to be mapped the human brain with increasing spatiotemporal resolution. Recent years seen a growing interest extending this approach rodents and non-human primates understand mechanism fMRI complement investigations connectome. Here, we discuss current challenges opportunities mapping across species. We underscore critical importance physiologically decoding neuroimaging measures (dys)connectivity via multiscale mechanistic animals. next highlight set general principles governing organization mammalian networks These include presence evolutionarily conserved network systems, dominant cortical axis connectivity, common repertoire topographically modes. finally describe emerging approaches allowing comparisons extrapolations findings As neuroscientists gain access increasingly sophisticated perturbational, computational recording tools, cross-species offers novel investigate large-scale health disease.

Language: Английский

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(R)-ketamine restores anterior insular cortex activity and cognitive deficits in social isolation-reared mice

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 1406 - 1416

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Abstract Chronic social isolation increases the risk of mental health problems, including cognitive impairments and depression. While subanesthetic ketamine is considered effective for in patients with depression, neural mechanisms underlying its effects are not well understood. Here we identified unique activation anterior insular cortex (aIC) as a characteristic feature brain-wide regions mice reared treated ( R )-ketamine, enantiomer. Using fiber photometry recording on freely moving mice, found that attenuates aIC neuronal upon contact but S able to counteracts this reduction. )-ketamine facilitated cognition isolation-reared during memory test. inactivation offset effect memory. Our results suggest has promising potential an intervention deficits by restoring function.

Language: Английский

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Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(10), P. 9083 - 9083

Published: May 22, 2023

Human neuroimaging has demonstrated the existence of large-scale functional networks in cerebral cortex consisting topographically distant brain regions with functionally correlated activity. The salience network (SN), which is involved detecting salient stimuli and mediating inter-network communication, a crucial that disrupted addiction. Individuals addiction display dysfunctional structural connectivity SN. Furthermore, while there growing body evidence regarding SN, addiction, relationship between two, are still many unknowns, fundamental limitations to human studies. At same time, advances molecular systems neuroscience techniques allow researchers manipulate neural circuits nonhuman animals increasing precision. Here, we describe attempts translate uncover circuit-level mechanisms. To do this, review connections its homology across species. We then existing literature circuit-specific perturbation SN sheds light on how cortical operate, both within outside context Finally, highlight key outstanding opportunities for mechanistic studies

Language: Английский

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Emotion in the mind's eye: Imagination for adaptive cognition

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1526(1), P. 59 - 72

Published: June 21, 2023

Abstract In a complex world, we are constantly faced with environmental stimuli that shape our moment‐to‐moment experiences. But just as rich and the external world is internal milieu—our imagination. Imagination offers powerful vehicle for playing out hypothetical experiences in mind's eye. It allows us to mentally time travel behold what future might bring, including greatest desires or fears. Indeed, imagined tend be emotion‐laden. How why humans capable of this remarkable feat? Based on psychological findings, highlight importance imagination emotional aspects cognition behavior, namely generation regulation emotions. recent cognitive neuroscience work, identify putative neural networks most critical imagination, major focus default mode network. Finally, briefly possible functional implications individual differences Overall, hope address have capacity simulate how ability can harnessed adaptive (and sometimes maladaptive) ways. We end by discussing open questions.

Language: Английский

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Acute and chronic alcohol modulation of extended amygdala calcium dynamics

Alcohol, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 116, P. 53 - 64

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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Why reliving is not remembering and the unique neurobiological representation of traumatic memory

Nature Mental Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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Elucidating hemodynamics and neuro-glio-vascular signaling using rodent fMRI

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Despite extensive functional mapping studies using rodent magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), interpreting the fMRI signals in relation to their neuronal origins remains challenging due hemodynamic nature of response. Ultra high-resolution fMRI, beyond merely enhancing spatial specificity, has revealed vessel-specific responses, highlighting distinct contributions intracortical arterioles and venules signals. This 'single-vessel' approach shifts paradigm enabling its integration with other neuroimaging modalities investigate neuro-glio-vascular (NGV) signaling underlying a variety brain dynamics. Here, we review emerging trend combining multimodal opto/chemogenetic neuromodulation genetically encoded biosensors for cellular circuit-specific recording, offering unprecedented opportunities cross-scale dynamic models.

Language: Английский

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Evaluating Cognitive Function and Brain Activity Patterns via Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent Transformer in N-Back Working Memory Tasks

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 277 - 277

Published: March 5, 2025

(1) Background: Working memory, which involves temporary storage, information processing, and regulating attention resources, is a fundamental cognitive process constitutes significant component of neuroscience research. This study aimed to evaluate brain activation patterns by analyzing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time-series data collected during designed N-back working memory task with varying demands. (2) Methods: We utilized novel transformer model, blood oxygen level-dependent (BolT), extract the level features regions in process, thereby obtaining influence weights interest (ROIs) on corresponding tasks. (3) Results: Compared previous studies, our work reached similar conclusions major region performance provides more precise analysis for identifying patterns. For each type task, we selected top 5 percent most influential ROIs conducted comprehensive discussion. Additionally, explored effect prior knowledge conditions different tasks same period at times. (4) Conclusions: The comparison results reflect brain’s adaptive strategies dependencies coping levels demands stability optimization processing. introduces innovative methodologies understanding function processes, highlighting potential neuroscience. Its findings offer new insights into activity associated contributing broader landscape

Language: Английский

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