Geometric
microengineering
of
the
active
layer
in
a
piezoelectric
sensor
has
emerged
as
hot
topic
to
improve
performance
but
meets
challenges
due
brittle
nature
ceramics.
Here,
we
demonstrate
that
fs-laser-induced
compressive
stress
leads
film
bulging
nanoscale
and
forms
various
shapes
nanostructures,
including
nanobumps,
nanovolcanoes,
nanocaves
on
Pb
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11(19)
Published: May 7, 2025
Exploring
narrow
underwater
environments
presents
notable
challenges
due
to
the
need
for
flexible
movement
and
robust
transition
between
different
motion
modalities.
Inspired
by
pteropod,
a
small
aquatic
organism
known
its
ability
change
direction
adjusting
attack
angle
of
wings,
we
developed
biomimetic
robotic
platform
called
RoboPteropod.
This
micro–underwater
robot,
equipped
with
flapping
wings
that
mimic
propulsive
mechanisms
reaches
float
velocity
1.88
body
height
per
second
forward
1.2
length
second,
while
maintaining
power
consumption
merely
580
milliwatts.
The
dynamically
adjust
enables
smooth
among
various
modes
(float,
move
straight,
yaw,
pitch)
locomotion,
allowing
agile,
three-dimensional
maneuvering
in
complex
environments.
RoboPteropod
offers
meaningful
potential
detailed
exploration
confined
otherwise
inaccessible
spaces.
Advanced Intelligent Systems,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 23, 2024
Marker‐type
vision‐based
tactile
sensors
(VTS)
realize
force
sensing
by
calibrating
marker
vector
information.
The
visualization
can
provide
high‐precision
and
multimodal
information
to
promote
robotic
dexterous
manipulation
development.
Considering
VTS's
contribution
measurement,
this
article
reviews
the
advanced
measurement
technologies
of
VTSs.
First,
working
principle
marker‐type
VTSs
is
introduced,
including
single‐layer
markers,
double‐layer
color
coding,
optical
flow.
Then,
relationship
between
type
category
discussed
in
detail.
On
basis,
process
feature
extraction
summarized,
image
processing
marker‐matching
technologies.
According
learning
approach,
methods
are
classified
into
physical
deep
models.
Further,
branches
each
method
analyzed
terms
input
types.
Combined
with
measuring
range
precision,
correlation
sensor
design,
materials,
recognition
performance
further
discussed.
Finally,
difficulties
challenges
analyzed,
future
developments
proposed.
This
review
aims
deepen
understanding
research
progress
applications
a
reference
for
community
technology
generations
related
fields.
Geometric
microengineering
of
the
active
layer
in
a
piezoelectric
sensor
has
emerged
as
hot
topic
to
improve
performance
but
meets
challenges
due
brittle
nature
ceramics.
Here,
we
demonstrate
that
fs-laser-induced
compressive
stress
leads
film
bulging
nanoscale
and
forms
various
shapes
nanostructures,
including
nanobumps,
nanovolcanoes,
nanocaves
on
Pb