Biochar effects on soil biota – A review

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 43(9), P. 1812 - 1836

Published: May 23, 2011

Language: Английский

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THE ROLE OF ROOT EXUDATES IN RHIZOSPHERE INTERACTIONS WITH PLANTS AND OTHER ORGANISMS

Annual Review of Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 57(1), P. 233 - 266

Published: Jan. 31, 2006

The rhizosphere encompasses the millimeters of soil surrounding a plant root where complex biological and ecological processes occur. This review describes recent advances in elucidating role exudates interactions between roots other plants, microbes, nematodes present rhizosphere. Evidence indicating that may take part signaling events initiate execution these is also presented. Various positive negative plant-plant plant-microbe are highlighted described from molecular to ecosystem scale. Furthermore, methodologies address under laboratory conditions

Language: Английский

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Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis

Molecular Plant, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 2 - 20

Published: Dec. 24, 2009

Language: Английский

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Plant–soil feedbacks: the past, the present and future challenges

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 101(2), P. 265 - 276

Published: Feb. 22, 2013

Summary Plant–soil feedbacks is becoming an important concept for explaining vegetation dynamics, the invasiveness of introduced exotic species in new habitats and how terrestrial ecosystems respond to global land use climate change. Using a conceptual model, we show critical alterations plant–soil feedback interactions can change assemblage plant communities. We highlight recent advances, define terms identify future challenges this area research discuss variations strengths directions explain succession, invasion, response warming diversity‐productivity relationships. While there has been rapid increase understanding biological, chemical physical mechanisms their interdependencies underlying interactions, further progress be expected from applying experimental techniques technologies, linking empirical studies modelling field‐based that include on longer time scales also long‐term processes such as litter decomposition mineralization. Significant made analysing consequences biodiversity‐functioning relationships, fitness selection. To integrate into ecological theory, it will determine where observed patterns may generalized, they influence evolution. Synthesis . Gaining greater improving our ability predict these community composition productivity under variety conditions. Future enable better prediction mitigation human‐induced changes, improve efforts restoration conservation promote sustainable provision ecosystem services rapidly changing world.

Language: Английский

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Novel weapons: invasive success and the evolution of increased competitive ability

Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Journal Year: 2004, Volume and Issue: 2(8), P. 436 - 443

Published: Oct. 1, 2004

When introduced to new habitats by humans, some plant species become much more dominant. This is primarily attributed escape from specialist consumers. Release these enemies also thought lead the evolution of increased competitive ability, driven a decrease in plant's resource allocation consumer defense and an increase size or fecundity. Here, we discuss theory for invasive success – “novel weapons hypothesis”. We propose that invaders transform because they possess novel biochemical function as unusually powerful allelopathic agents, mediators plant–soil microbial interactions. Root exudates are relatively ineffective against their natural neighbors adaptation, may be highly inhibitory newly encountered plants invaded communities. In other words, provide them with advantage arise differences regional coevolutionary trajectories Furthermore, selective possessing weapon result rapid example, production greater quantities antimicrobial root exudates. Direct selection traits provides alternative “grow versus defend” trade-offs underpin ability.

Language: Английский

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Plant and mycorrhizal regulation of rhizodeposition

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2004, Volume and Issue: 163(3), P. 459 - 480

Published: Aug. 3, 2004

Summary The loss of carbon from roots (rhizodeposition) and the consequent proliferation microorganisms in surrounding soil, coupled with physical presence a root processes associated nutrient uptake, gives rise to unique zone soil called rhizosphere. In this review, we bring together evidence show that can directly regulate most aspects rhizosphere C flow either by regulating exudation process itself or recapture exudates soil. Root have been hypothesized be involved enhanced mobilization acquisition many nutrients external detoxification metals. With few exceptions, there is little mechanistic soil‐based systems support these propositions. We conclude much more integrated work realistic required quantify functional significance field. need further unravel complexities order fully engage key scientific ideas such as development sustainable agricultural response ecosystems climate change. Contents I. Introduction 460 II. What rhizodeposition? III. Regulation rhizodeposition IV. How large flux? 463 V. responsive VI. microbial community exudation? 464 VII. role VIII. Mycorrhizal fungi 471 IX. Future thoughts 474 Acknowledgements References

Language: Английский

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Impact of Natural Products on Developing New Anti-Cancer Agents

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 109(7), P. 3012 - 3043

Published: May 7, 2009

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTImpact of Natural Products on Developing New Anti-Cancer Agents†Gordon M. Cragg, Paul G. Grothaus, and David J. Newman*View Author Information Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division Cancer Treatment Diagnosis, NCI−Frederick, Fairview Center, Suite 206, P.O. Box B, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected]†This manuscript reflects the opinion authors, not necessarily those United States Government.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 7, 3012–3043Publication Date (Web):May 2009Publication History Received16 January 2009Published online7 May inissue 8 July 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr900019jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr900019jreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © This article subject to U.S. Copyright. Published 2009 by American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views24433Altmetric-Citations991LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are COUNTER-compliant sum full text downloads since November 2008 (both PDF HTML) across all institutions individuals. These metrics regularly updated reflect usage leading up last few days.Citations number other articles citing this article, calculated Crossref daily. Find more information about citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure attention that research has received online. Clicking donut icon will load page at altmetric.com with additional details score social media presence for given article. how calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation abstractCitation referencesMore Options onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Assays,Inhibitors,Peptides proteins,Pharmaceuticals,Polarization Get e-Alerts

Language: Английский

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Significance of flavonoids in plant resistance: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 4(3), P. 147 - 157

Published: July 7, 2006

Language: Английский

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Reactive oxygen species as signals that modulate plant stress responses and programmed cell death

BioEssays, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 28(11), P. 1091 - 1101

Published: Jan. 1, 2006

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known as toxic metabolic products in plants and other aerobic organisms. An elaborate highly redundant plant ROS network, composed of antioxidant enzymes, antioxidants ROS-producing is responsible for maintaining levels under tight control. This allows to serve signaling molecules that coordinate an astonishing range diverse processes. The specificity the biological response depends on chemical identity ROS, intensity signal, sites production, developmental stage, previous stresses encountered interactions with such nitric oxide, lipid messengers hormones. Although many components network have recently been identified, challenge remains understand how ROS-derived signals integrated eventually regulate processes growth, development, stress adaptation programmed cell death. BioEssays 28: 1091–1101, 2006. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Language: Английский

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Proanthocyanidins – a final frontier in flavonoid research?

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2004, Volume and Issue: 165(1), P. 9 - 28

Published: Nov. 2, 2004

Proanthocyanidins are oligomeric and polymeric end products of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. They present in fruits, bark, leaves seeds many plants, where they provide protection against predation. At same time give flavor astringency to beverages such as wine, fruit juices teas, increasingly recognized having beneficial effects on human health. The presence proanthocyanidins is also a major quality factor for forage crops. past 2 years have seen important breakthroughs our understanding biosynthesis building blocks proanthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols (+)-catechin (-)-epicatechin. However, virtually nothing known about ways which these units assembled into corresponding oligomers vivo. Molecular genetic approaches leading an regulatory genes that control proanthocyanidin biosynthesis, this information, together with increased knowledge enzymes specific pathway, will facilitate engineering plants introduction value-added nutraceutical traits.

Language: Английский

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