Science,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
370(6514)
Published: Oct. 16, 2020
The
nucleus
makes
the
rules
Single
cells
continuously
experience
and
react
to
mechanical
challenges
in
three-dimensional
tissues.
Spatial
constraints
dense
tissues,
physical
activity,
injury
all
impose
changes
cell
shape.
How
can
measure
shape
deformations
ensure
correct
tissue
development
homeostasis
remains
largely
unknown
(see
Perspective
by
Shen
Niethammer).
Working
independently,
Venturini
et
al.
Lomakin
now
show
that
act
as
an
intracellular
ruler
cellular
variations.
nuclear
envelope
provides
a
gauge
of
deformation
activates
mechanotransduction
pathway
controls
actomyosin
contractility
migration
plasticity.
thereby
allows
adapt
their
behavior
local
microenvironment.
Science
,
this
issue
p.
eaba2644
eaba2894
;
see
also
295
Science,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
352(6283), P. 353 - 358
Published: March 25, 2016
Repairing
tears
in
the
nuclear
envelope
The
segregates
genomic
DNA
from
cytoplasm
and
regulates
protein
trafficking
between
cytosol
nucleus.
Maintaining
integrity
during
interphase
is
considered
crucial.
However,
Raab
et
al.
Denais
show
that
migrating
immune
cancer
cells
experience
frequent
transitory
ruptures
when
they
move
through
tight
spaces
(see
Perspective
by
Burke).
reseals
rapidly
interphase,
assisted
components
of
ESCRT
III
membrane-remodeling
machinery.
Science
,
this
issue
pp.
359
353
;
see
also
p.
295
The Journal of Experimental Medicine,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
215(5), P. 1287 - 1299
Published: April 5, 2018
Detection
of
microbial
DNA
is
an
evolutionarily
conserved
mechanism
that
alerts
the
host
immune
system
to
mount
a
defense
response
infections.
However,
this
detection
also
poses
challenge
as
how
distinguish
foreign
from
abundant
self-DNA.
Cyclic
guanosine
monophosphate
(GMP)-adenosine
(AMP)
synthase
(cGAS)
sensor
triggers
innate
responses
through
production
second
messenger
cyclic
GMP-AMP
(cGAMP),
which
binds
and
activates
adaptor
protein
STING.
cGAS
can
be
activated
by
double-stranded
irrespective
sequence,
including
Although
normally
kept
inactive
in
cells
still
not
well
understood,
recent
research
has
provided
strong
evidence
genomic
damage
leads
activation
stimulate
inflammatory
responses.
This
review
summarizes
findings
on
instability
trigger
serves
link
inflammation,
cellular
senescence,
cancer.
Science,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
363(6431)
Published: March 8, 2019
DNA
is
highly
immunogenic.
It
represents
a
key
pathogen-associated
molecular
pattern
(PAMP)
during
infection.
Host
can,
however,
also
act
as
danger-associated
(DAMP)
and
elicit
strong
inflammatory
responses.
The
cGAS-STING
pathway
has
emerged
major
that
detects
intracellular
DNA.
Here,
we
highlight
recent
advances
on
how
cGAS
STING
mediate
responses
these
are
regulated,
allowing
cells
to
readily
respond
infections
noxious
agents
while
avoiding
the
inappropriate
sensing
of
self-DNA.
A
particular
focus
placed
role
in
context
sterile
conditions.
Manipulating
or
may
open
door
for
new
therapeutic
strategies
treatment
acute
chronic
inflammation
relevant
many
human
diseases.
Science,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
359(6378)
Published: Feb. 22, 2018
Mitochondrial
apoptosis
is
mediated
by
BAK
and
BAX,
two
proteins
that
induce
mitochondrial
outer
membrane
permeabilization,
leading
to
cytochrome
c
release
activation
of
apoptotic
caspases.
In
the
absence
active
caspases,
DNA
(mtDNA)
triggers
innate
immune
cGAS/STING
pathway,
causing
dying
cells
secrete
type
I
interferon.
How
cGAS
gains
access
mtDNA
remains
unclear.
We
used
live-cell
lattice
light-sheet
microscopy
examine
network
in
mouse
embryonic
fibroblasts.
found
after
BAK/BAX
loss,
broke
down
large
pores
appeared
membrane.
These
macropores
allowed
inner
herniate
into
cytosol,
carrying
with
it
matrix
components,
including
genome.
Apoptotic
caspases
did
not
prevent
herniation
but
dismantled
cell
suppress
mtDNA-induced
signaling.
