Oxford Review of Economic Policy,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
35(1), P. 54 - 67
Published: Oct. 8, 2018
Natural
capital
is
increasingly
widely
discussed
and
included
in
corporate
governmental
accounts,
using
a
variety
of
different
approaches
metrics.
Here
I
argue
that
natural
fundamentally
an
emergent
feature
structures
functions
the
environment.
Therefore
its
valuation
metrics
for
reporting
on
condition
way
it
represented
accounts
need
to
reflect
these
defining
features
not
rest
solely
measurable
flows
goods
services.
asset,
many
contributions
economy
society,
often
called
ecosystem
services,
are
both
malleable
adaptable.
Their
value
changes
with
time
context
as
they
become
more
or
less
important
relevant
particular
purposes.
Unlike
most
produced
assets,
assets
multifunctional,
adaptable,
resilient,
within
limits
have
capacity
regrow
reorganize
themselves.
Maintaining
this
therefore
key
priority
responsible
owner
manager
assets.
Currently
based
quality
quantity
geographical
distribution
ecosystems
land/sea
uses,
by
reference
services
delivered
ecosystems.
The
advantages
disadvantages
discussed,
but
propose
instead
fundamental
ecological
processes
which
properly
represent
functioning
capabilities
system
upon
society
depend.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
119(7)
Published: Feb. 7, 2022
Land
use
is
central
to
addressing
sustainability
issues,
including
biodiversity
conservation,
climate
change,
food
security,
poverty
alleviation,
and
sustainable
energy.
In
this
paper,
we
synthesize
knowledge
accumulated
in
land
system
science,
the
integrated
study
of
terrestrial
social-ecological
systems,
into
10
hard
truths
that
have
strong,
general,
empirical
support.
These
facts
help
explain
challenges
achieving
thus
also
point
toward
solutions.
The
are
as
follows:
1)
Meanings
values
socially
constructed
contested;
2)
systems
exhibit
complex
behaviors
with
abrupt,
hard-to-predict
changes;
3)
irreversible
changes
path
dependence
common
features
systems;
4)
some
uses
a
small
footprint
but
very
large
impacts;
5)
drivers
impacts
land-use
change
globally
interconnected
spill
over
distant
locations;
6)
humanity
lives
on
used
planet
where
all
provides
benefits
societies;
7)
usually
entails
trade-offs
between
different
benefits—"win–wins"
rare;
8)
tenure
claims
often
unclear,
overlapping,
9)
burdens
from
unequally
distributed;
10)
users
multiple,
sometimes
conflicting,
ideas
what
social
environmental
justice
entails.
implications
for
governance,
do
not
provide
fixed
answers.
Instead
they
constitute
set
core
principles
which
can
guide
scientists,
policy
makers,
practitioners
meeting
use.
Forest Ecosystems,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
6(1)
Published: April 9, 2019
Human
impacts
on
Earth's
ecosystems
have
greatly
intensified
in
the
last
decades.
This
is
reflected
unexpected
disturbance
events,
as
well
new
and
increasing
socio-economic
demands,
all
of
which
are
affecting
resilience
forest
worldwide
provision
important
ecosystem
services.
Anthropocene
era
forcing
us
to
reconsider
past
current
management
silvicultural
practices,
search
for
ones
that
more
flexible
better
at
dealing
with
uncertainty
brought
about
by
these
accelerating
cumulative
global
changes.
Here,
we
briefly
review
focus
limitations
practices
mainly
developed
Europe
North
America.
We
then
discuss
some
recent
promising
concepts,
such
managing
forests
complex
adaptive
systems,
approaches
based
resilience,
functional
diversity,
assisted
migration
multi-species
plantations,
propose
a
novel
approach
integrate
functionality
species-traits
into
network
multi-scale
way
manage
Anthropocene.
takes
consideration
high
level
associated
future
environmental
societal
It
relies
quantification
dynamic
monitoring
diversity
indices
network.
Using
this
approach,
most
efficient
can
be
determined,
where,
what
scale,
intensity
landscape-scale
resistance,
capacity
changes
improved.
Conservation Letters,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
14(2)
Published: Oct. 25, 2020
Abstract
International
agreements
aim
to
conserve
17%
of
Earth's
land
area
by
2020
but
include
no
area‐based
conservation
targets
within
the
working
landscapes
that
support
human
needs
through
farming,
ranching,
and
forestry.
Through
a
review
country‐level
legislation,
we
found
just
38%
countries
have
minimum
requirements
for
conserving
native
habitats
landscapes.
We
argue
increasing
at
least
20%
landscape
where
it
is
below
this
minimum.
Such
target
has
benefits
food
security,
nature's
contributions
people,
connectivity
effectiveness
protected
networks
in
biomes
which
areas
are
underrepresented.
also
maintaining
habitat
higher
levels
currently
exceeds
minimum,
performed
literature
shows
even
more
than
50%
restoration
needed
particular
The
post‐2020
Global
Biodiversity
Framework
an
opportune
moment
contributes
to,
does
not
compete
with,
initiatives
expanding
areas,
UN
Decade
on
Ecosystem
Restoration
(2021–2030)
Sustainable
Development
Goals.
Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
38, P. 86 - 94
Published: June 1, 2019
Land
is
increasingly
managed
to
serve
multiple
societal
demands.
Beyond
food,
fiber,
habitation,
and
recreation,
land
now
being
called
on
meet
demands
for
carbon
sequestration,
water
purification,
biodiversity
conservation,
many
others.
Meeting
these
requires
negotiating
trade-offs
among
the
choices
differing
values
placed
them
by
diverse
stakeholders
institutions.
Here,
we
review
recent
advances
in
understanding
role
of
managing
landscapes
support
demands,
from
a
systems
perspective.
Recent
work
IPBES
others
has
recognized
need
accommodate
greater
diversity
into
decision-making
through
framework
‘nature’s
contributions
people
(NCP)’
providing
perspective
human–nature
relations
that
goes
beyond
stock-flow,
ecosystem
services,
framing.
NCP
offers
real
potential
enable
system
science
better
integrate
value
institutions
efforts
understand
more
fairly
govern
wicked
tradeoffs
Anthropocene,
especially
under
conditions
less
well
functioning
governance.
