A worldwide survey of neonicotinoids in honey

Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 358(6359), P. 109 - 111

Published: Oct. 5, 2017

Growing evidence for global pollinator decline is causing concern biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services maintenance. Neonicotinoid pesticides have been identified or suspected as a key factor responsible this decline. We assessed the exposure of pollinators to neonicotinoids by analyzing 198 honey samples from across world. found at least one five tested compounds (acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam) in 75% all samples, 45% contained two more these compounds, 10% four five. Our results confirm bees their food throughout The coexistence other may increase harm pollinators. However, concentrations detected are below maximum residue level authorized human consumption (average ± standard error positive samples: 1.8 0.56 nanograms per gram).

Language: Английский

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An update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic insecticides. Part 2: impacts on organisms and ecosystems

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 28(10), P. 11749 - 11797

Published: Nov. 9, 2017

Abstract New information on the lethal and sublethal effects of neonicotinoids fipronil organisms is presented in this review, complementing previous Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) 2015. The high toxicity these systemic insecticides to invertebrates has been confirmed expanded include more species compounds. Most recent research focused bees ecological impacts have pollinators. Toxic other invertebrate taxa also covered predatory parasitoid natural enemies aquatic arthropods. Little new gathered soil organisms. impact marine coastal ecosystems still largely uncharted. chronic lethality insects crustaceans, strengthened evidence that chemicals impair immune system reproduction, highlights dangers particular insecticidal class (neonicotinoids fipronil), with potential greatly decrease populations arthropods both terrestrial environments. Sublethal fish, reptiles, frogs, birds, mammals are reported, showing a better understanding mechanisms vertebrates their deleterious growth, neurobehaviour most tested. This review concludes summary ecosystem services functioning, particularly pollination, biota, communities, thus reinforcing WIA conclusions (van der Sluijs et al. 2015).

Language: Английский

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Agrochemicals interact synergistically to increase bee mortality

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 596(7872), P. 389 - 392

Published: Aug. 4, 2021

Language: Английский

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Neonicotinoid exposure disrupts bumblebee nest behavior, social networks, and thermoregulation

Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 362(6415), P. 683 - 686

Published: Nov. 8, 2018

Trouble at the hive Neonicotinoid pesticides cause mortality and decline in insect pollinators. One repeatedly noted effect is a reduction bee colony size. However, mechanism behind this unclear. Crall et al. performed complex real-time monitoring of bumblebee behavior within their nests (see Perspective by Raine). exposure reduced nurse caretaking behaviors, which affected productivity harmed thermoregulation. These changes acted together to decrease viability, even when was nonlethal. Science , issue p. 683 ; see also 643

Language: Английский

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Trends in neonicotinoid pesticide residues in food and water in the United States, 1999–2015

Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2019

Neonicotinoids are a class of systemic insecticides widely used on food crops globally. These pesticides may be found in “off-target” items and persist the environment. Despite potential for extensive human exposure, there limited studies regarding prevalence neonicotinoid residues foods sold consumed United States. Residue data seven collected between 1999 2015 by US Department Agriculture’s Pesticide Data Program (PDP) were collated summarized year across various commodities, including fruit, vegetable, meat, dairy, grain, honey, baby food, as well water to qualitatively describe examine trends contamination frequency residue concentrations. The highest detection frequencies (DFs) neonicotinoids all commodities generally below 20%. Average DFs over entire study period, 1999–2015, domestic imported similar at 4.5%. For samples (both imported) imidacloprid was with overall 12.0%. However, higher observed specific commodity-neonicotinoid combinations such as: cherries (45.9%), apples (29.5%), pears (24.1%) strawberries (21.3%) acetamiprid; cauliflower (57.5%), celery (20.9%), (26.3%), cilantro (30.6%), grapes (28.9%), collard greens (24.9%), kale (31.4%), lettuce (45.6%), potatoes (31.2%) spinach (38.7%) imidacloprid. also detected organic (DF < 6%). Individual least 5% testing positive two or more included apples, celery, cherries. Generally, did not exceed Environmental Protection Agency tolerance levels. Increases both finished untreated from 2004 2011. Analysis PDP indicates that low levels present commonly-consumed fruits vegetables US. Trends suggest an increase use acetamiprid, clothianidin thiamethoxam replacements Given these findings, surveillance supply is warranted, biomonitoring assessment cumulative daily intake high risk groups, pregnant women infants.

Language: Английский

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Sulfoxaflor exposure reduces bumblebee reproductive success

Nature, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 561(7721), P. 109 - 112

Published: Aug. 14, 2018

Language: Английский

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Pesticides and pollinators: A socioecological synthesis

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 662, P. 1012 - 1027

Published: Feb. 7, 2019

The relationship between pesticides and pollinators, while attracting no shortage of attention from scientists, regulators, the public, has proven resistant to scientific synthesis fractious in matters policy public opinion. This is part because issue been approached a compartmentalized intradisciplinary way, such that evaluations organismal pesticide effects remain largely disjoint their upstream drivers downstream consequences. Here, we present socioecological framework designed synthesize pesticide-pollinator system inform future scholarship action. Our consists three interlocking domains-pesticide use, exposure, effects–each consisting causally linked patterns, processes, states. We elaborate each these domains linkages, reviewing relevant literature providing empirical case studies. then propose guidelines for action agenda aimed at strengthening knowledge neglected integrating across provide decision support stakeholders policymakers. Specifically, emphasize (1) stakeholder engagement, (2) mechanistic study (3) understanding propagation levels organization, (4) full-cost accounting externalities use regulation. Addressing items will require transdisciplinary collaborations within beyond community, including expertise farmers, agrochemical developers, policymakers an extended peer community.

Language: Английский

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Quantifying the impact of pesticides on learning and memory in bees

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 55(6), P. 2812 - 2821

Published: July 10, 2018

Abstract Most insecticides are insect neurotoxins. Evidence is emerging that sublethal doses of these neurotoxins affecting the learning and memory both wild managed bee colonies, exacerbating negative effects pesticide exposure reducing individual foraging efficiency. Variation in methodologies interpretation results across studies has precluded quantitative evaluation impacts needed to make recommendations for policy change. It not clear whether robust occur under acute regimes (often argued be more field‐realistic than chronic upon which many based), dosages, pesticides other neonicotinoids. Here we use meta‐analysis examine impact on performance proboscis extension‐based assays, paradigm most commonly used assess bees. We draw together 104 (learning) 167 (memory) estimated effect sizes a diverse range studies. detected significant (i) at field realistic (ii) application, (iii) neonicotinoid non‐neonicotinoid groups. also expose key gaps literature include critical lack non‐ Apis bees, larval (potentially one major routes), alternative paradigms. Policy implications . Procedures registration new within EU member states now typically require assessment risks pollinators if potential target crops attractive However, our provide evidence subtle, effects, consequences unlikely small‐scale prelicensing laboratory or trials, but can when landscape scale. Our findings highlight need long‐term postlicensing environmental safety monitoring as requirement licensing plant protection products.

Language: Английский

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Neonicotinoids and decline in bird biodiversity in the United States

Nature Sustainability, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 3(12), P. 1027 - 1035

Published: Aug. 10, 2020

Language: Английский

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Alternatives to neonicotinoids

Environment International, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 129, P. 423 - 429

Published: May 29, 2019

The European Food Safety Authority concluded in February 2018 that "most uses of neonicotinoid insecticides represent a risk to wild bees and honeybees". In 2016, the French government passed law banning use five neonicotinoids previously authorized: clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid thiacloprid. framework an expert assessment conducted by Agency for Food, Environmental Occupational Health identify possible derogations, we performed thorough available alternatives banned neonicotinoids. For each pest targeted use, identified main alternative management methods, which then ranked (i) efficacy controlling target pest, (ii) applicability (whether directly useable farmers or need further research development), (iii) durability (risk resistance pests), (iv) practicability (ease implementation farmers). We 152 authorized France, encompassing 120 crops 279 insect species (or genera). An effective was 96% 2968 case studies analyzed from literature (single combinations one control method product × crop plant insect). most common (89% cases) another chemical insecticide (mostly pyrethroids). However, 78% cases, at least non-chemical could replace (e.g. microorganisms, semiochemicals surface coating). relevance depends on feeding habits. Leaf flower feeders are easier with whereas wood root more difficult manage such methods. also found field were required many promising methods before their introduction into routine farmers. Our findings, transmitted policymakers, indicate do exist. Furthermore, they highlight promote these through regulation funding, view reducing pesticide agriculture.

Language: Английский

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