Astrocyte Crosstalk in CNS Inflammation

Neuron, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 108(4), P. 608 - 622

Published: Sept. 7, 2020

Language: Английский

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Identification of region-specific astrocyte subtypes at single cell resolution

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: March 5, 2020

Abstract Astrocytes, a major cell type found throughout the central nervous system, have general roles in modulation of synapse formation and synaptic transmission, blood–brain barrier formation, regulation blood flow, as well metabolic support other brain resident cells. Crucially, emerging evidence shows specific adaptations astrocyte-encoded functions regions, such spinal cord cerebellum. To investigate true extent astrocyte molecular diversity across forebrain we used single-cell RNA sequencing. Our analysis identifies five transcriptomically distinct subtypes adult mouse cortex hippocampus. Validation our data situ reveals spatial positioning defined subtypes, reflecting distribution morphologically physiologically populations. findings are for specialized between within regions. The available through an online database ( https://holt-sc.glialab.org/ ), providing resource on which to base explorations local function brain.

Language: Английский

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Glial Cells: Role of the Immune Response in Ischemic Stroke

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 26, 2020

Ischemic stroke, which accounts for 75-80% of strokes, is a predominant cause morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, post-stroke immune response becomes new breakthrough the treatment strategy ischemic stroke. Glial cells, including microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, are major components peri-infarction environment in central nervous system have been elucidated to play critical roles regulation. However, increasing evidences suggest that glial cells exert different, even contrary effect Microglia, survey CNS homostasis regulate innate response, rapidly activated following The microglia would release inflammatory cytokines induce neuronal tissue injuries. On contrary, anti-inflammatory neurotrophic factors secreted by alternatively considered be benefit recovery Astrocytes activation reactive gliosis stroke contribute limitaion brain injury stabalize homeostasis. scar developed astrocytes also hinder reconnectivity extension. Oligodendrocytes shown extensively involved demyelination remyelination after Oligodendrocyte precursor able differentiate into reactived supposed lead functional recovery. Here we discuss mechanisms regulation mediated interaction between neurons. present review, from perspective various describes their possible at different stages future intervention targets.

Language: Английский

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MAFG-driven astrocytes promote CNS inflammation

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 578(7796), P. 593 - 599

Published: Feb. 12, 2020

Language: Английский

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Function and therapeutic value of astrocytes in neurological diseases

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(5), P. 339 - 358

Published: Feb. 16, 2022

Language: Английский

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Amyloid β-based therapy for Alzheimer’s disease: challenges, successes and future

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: June 30, 2023

Abstract Amyloid β protein (Aβ) is the main component of neuritic plaques in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and its accumulation has been considered as molecular driver pathogenesis progression. Aβ prime target for development AD therapy. However, repeated failures Aβ-targeted clinical trials have cast considerable doubt on amyloid cascade hypothesis whether drug followed correct course. recent successes targeted assuaged those doubts. In this review, we discussed evolution over last 30 years summarized application diagnosis modification. particular, extensively pitfalls, promises important unanswered questions regarding current anti-Aβ therapy, well strategies further study more feasible approaches optimization prevention treatment.

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk Between Astrocytes and Microglia: An Overview

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: July 16, 2020

Based on discoveries enabled by new technologies and analyzed using novel computational tools, neuroscience can be re-conceived in terms of information exchange dense networks intercellular connections rather than the context individual populations, such as glia or neurons.. Cross-talk between neurons microglia astrocytes are has been addressed, however, manner which non-neuronal cells communicate interact remains less well understood. We review this intriguing crosstalk among CNS cells, focusing how it contributes to brain development two neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer disease GRN-FTLD most prevalent tumor, astrocytoma. The goal studying these communications is promote our ability combat incurable neurological disorders.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Studying Brain Plasticity

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 27, 2019

OPINION article Front. Cell. Neurosci., 27 February 2019Sec. Cellular Neurophysiology Volume 13 - 2019 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2019.00066

Language: Английский

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Molecular basis of astrocyte diversity and morphology across the CNS in health and disease

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 378(6619)

Published: Nov. 3, 2022

Astrocytes, a type of glia, are abundant and morphologically complex cells. Here, we report astrocyte molecular profiles, diversity, morphology across the mouse central nervous system (CNS). We identified shared region-specific astrocytic genes functions explored cellular origins their regional diversity. gene networks correlated with morphology, several which unexpectedly contained Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk genes. CRISPR/Cas9–mediated reduction candidate reduced morphological complexity resulted in cognitive deficits. The same were down-regulated human AD, an AD model that displayed other brain disorders. thus provide comprehensive data on diversity mechanisms CNS basis health disease.

Language: Английский

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A connectome of the Drosophila central complex reveals network motifs suitable for flexible navigation and context-dependent action selection

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 26, 2021

Flexible behaviors over long timescales are thought to engage recurrent neural networks in deep brain regions, which experimentally challenging study. In insects, circuit dynamics a region called the central complex (CX) enable directed locomotion, sleep, and context- experience-dependent spatial navigation. We describe first complete electron microscopy-based connectome of

Language: Английский

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