Parvalbumin+and Npas1+Pallidal Neurons Have Distinct Circuit Topology and Function DOI Creative Commons
Arin Pamukcu, Qiaoling Cui, Harry S. Xenias

et al.

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 40(41), P. 7855 - 7876

Published: Aug. 31, 2020

The external globus pallidus (GPe) is a critical node within the basal ganglia circuit. Phasic changes in activity of GPe neurons during movement and their alterations Parkinson's disease (PD) argue that important motor control. Parvalbumin-positive (PV + ) Npas1 are two principal neuron classes GPe. distinct electrophysiological properties axonal projection patterns these serve different roles regulating output. However, causal relationship between remains to be established. Here, by using optogenetic approaches mice (both males females), we showed PV promoted suppressed locomotion, respectively. Moreover, under synaptic influences from subthalamic nucleus (STN). Additionally, found selective weakening STN inputs chronic 6-hydroxydopamine lesion model PD. This finding reinforces idea reciprocally connected GPe–STN network plays key role symptomatology thus provides basis for future circuit-based therapies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT pallidum key, yet an understudied component ganglia. Neural goes awry neurologic diseases, such as disease. While this strongly argues control, it has been difficult establish pallidal function/dysfunction. was part because cellular complexity pallidum. types have opposing In addition, described differences influence. Importantly, our research new insights into circuit mechanisms explain hypokinetic features

Language: Английский

A deep learning pipeline for three-dimensional brain-wide mapping of local neuronal ensembles in teravoxel light-sheet microscopy DOI Creative Commons
Ahmadreza Attarpour,

Jonas Osmann,

Anthony Rinaldi

et al.

Nature Methods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Teravoxel-scale, cellular-resolution images of cleared rodent brains acquired with light-sheet fluorescence microscopy have transformed the way we study brain. Realizing potential this technology requires computational pipelines that generalize across experimental protocols and map neuronal activity at laminar subpopulation-specific levels, beyond atlas-defined regions. Here, present artficial intelligence-based cartography ensembles (ACE), an end-to-end pipeline employs three-dimensional deep learning segmentation models advanced cluster-wise statistical algorithms, to enable unbiased mapping local connectivity. Validation against state-of-the-art detection methods on unseen datasets demonstrated ACE's high generalizability performance. Applying ACE in two distinct neurobiological contexts, discovered subregional effects missed by existing atlas-based analyses showcase ability reveal localized or brain-wide. Our open-source enables whole-brain a level precision wide range neuroscientific applications. The utilized statistics for neural granular is independent

Language: Английский

Citations

2
A multilayer circuit architecture for the generation of distinct locomotor behaviors in Drosophila DOI Creative Commons
Aref Arzan Zarin, Brandon Mark, Albert Cardona

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Dec. 23, 2019

Animals generate diverse motor behaviors, yet how the same neurons (MNs) two distinct or antagonistic behaviors remains an open question. Here, we characterize Drosophila larval muscle activity patterns and premotor/motor circuits to understand they forward backward locomotion. We show that all body wall MNs are activated during both but a subset of change recruitment timing for each behavior. used TEM reconstruct full segment 60 236 premotor (PMNs), including differentially-recruited MNs. Analysis this comprehensive connectome identified PMN-MN ‘labeled line’ connectivity; combinatorial asymmetric neuronal morphology; circuit motifs could contribute generating behaviors. generated recurrent network model reproduced observed functional optogenetics validate selected predictions. This will provide foundation analyzing suite

Language: Английский

Citations

111
The microcircuits of striatum in silico DOI Creative Commons
J. J. Johannes Hjorth, Alexander Kozlov, Ilaria Carannante

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(17), P. 9554 - 9565

Published: April 22, 2020

The basal ganglia play an important role in decision making and selection of action primarily based on input from cortex, thalamus, the dopamine system. Their main structure, striatum, is central to this process. It consists two types projection neurons, together representing 95% 5% interneurons, among which are cholinergic, fast-spiking, low threshold-spiking subtypes. membrane properties, soma-dendritic shape, intrastriatal extrastriatal synaptic interactions these neurons quite well described mouse, therefore they can be simulated sufficient detail capture their intrinsic as connectivity. We focus simulation at striatal cellular/microcircuit level, molecular/subcellular systems levels meet. present a nearly full-scale model mouse striatum using available data connectivity, cellular morphology, electrophysiological properties create microcircuit mimicking real network. A volume populated with reconstructed neuronal morphologies appropriate cell densities, then we connect appositions between neurites possible synapses constrain them further connectivity data. Moreover, simulate subset involving 10,000 system, proof principle. Simulation biological scale should serve invaluable tool understand mode operation complex structure. This platform will updated new expanded entire striatum.

Language: Английский

Citations

101
Two Brain Pathways Initiate Distinct Forward Walking Programs in Drosophila DOI Creative Commons
Salil S. Bidaye, Meghan Laturney,

Amy K. Chang

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 108(3), P. 469 - 485.e8

Published: Aug. 20, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

95
A functional map for diverse forelimb actions within brainstem circuitry DOI

Ludwig Ruder,

Riccardo Schina, Harsh Kanodia

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 590(7846), P. 445 - 450

Published: Jan. 6, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

80
Role of spontaneous and sensory orexin network dynamics in rapid locomotion initiation DOI Creative Commons
Mahesh M. Karnani, Cornelia Schöne, Edward F. Bracey

et al.

Progress in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 101771 - 101771

Published: Feb. 11, 2020

Appropriate motor control is critical for normal life, and requires hypothalamic hypocretin/orexin neurons (HONs). HONs are slowly regulated by nutrients, but also display rapid (subsecond) activity fluctuations in vivo. The necessity of these bursts sensorimotor their roles specific phases movement unknown. Here we show that temporally-restricted optosilencing spontaneous or sensory-evoked HON disrupts locomotion initiation, does not affect ongoing locomotion. Conversely, optostimulation initiates with subsecond delays a frequency-dependent manner. Using 2-photon volumetric imaging >300 during sensory stimulation self-initiated locomotion, identify several locomotion-related subtypes, which distinctly predict the probability imminent distinct responses, differentially modulated food deprivation. By causally linking to findings reveal importance evoked ensemble activity.

Language: Английский

Citations

75
Multiple Rhythm-Generating Circuits Act in Tandem with Pacemaker Properties to Control the Start and Speed of Locomotion DOI Creative Commons
Jianren Song, Irene Pallucchi, Jessica Ausborn

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 105(6), P. 1048 - 1061.e4

Published: Jan. 22, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

73
Neural circuit mechanisms for steering control in walkingDrosophila DOI Creative Commons

Aleksandr Rayshubskiy,

Stephen L. Holtz,

Alexander Shakeel Bates

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 5, 2020

Abstract Orienting behaviors provide a continuous stream of information about an organism’s sensory experiences and plans. Thus, to study the links between sensation action, it is useful identify neurons in brain that control orienting behaviors. Here we describe descending Drosophila predict influence orientation (heading) during walking. We show these cells have specialized functions: whereas one cell type predicts sustained low-gain steering, other transient high-gain steering. These latter integrate internally-directed steering signals from head direction system with stimulus-directed multimodal pathways. The inputs are organized produce “see-saw” commands, so increasing output hemisphere accompanied by decreasing hemisphere. Together, our results internal external drives integrated motor commands different timescales, for flexible precise space.

Language: Английский

Citations

72
Natural and targeted circuit reorganization after spinal cord injury DOI
Mark A. Anderson, Jordan W. Squair, Matthieu Gautier

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 1584 - 1596

Published: Nov. 17, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

68
Firing feature-driven neural circuits with scalable memristive neurons for robotic obstacle avoidance DOI Creative Commons
Yue Yang,

Fangduo Zhu,

Xumeng Zhang

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 21, 2024

Abstract Neural circuits with specific structures and diverse neuronal firing features are the foundation for supporting intelligent tasks in biology regarded as driver catalyzing next-generation artificial intelligence. Emulating neural hardware underpins engineering highly efficient neuromorphic chips, however, implementing a features-driven functional circuit is still an open question. In this work, inspired by avoidance of crickets, we construct spiking feature-driven sensorimotor control consisting three memristive Hodgkin-Huxley neurons. The ascending neurons exhibit mixed tonic bursting features, which used encoding sensing input. Additionally, innovatively introduce selective communication scheme to decode using two descending We proceed integrate such robot achieve lower latency than conventional platforms. These results provide real brain-like systems driven put constructing high-order machines on agenda.

Language: Английский

Citations

11