Annual Research Review: Perspectives on progress in ADHD science – from characterization to cause DOI Creative Commons
Edmund Sonuga‐Barke, Stephen Becker, Sven Bölte

et al.

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 64(4), P. 506 - 532

Published: Oct. 11, 2022

The science of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is motivated by a translational goal – the discovery and exploitation knowledge about nature ADHD to benefit those individuals whose lives it affects. Over past fifty years, scientific research has made enormous strides in characterizing condition understanding its correlates causes. However, translation these insights into clinical benefits been limited. In this review, we provide selective focused survey field ADHD, providing our personal perspectives on what constitutes consensus, important new leads be highlighted, key outstanding questions addressed going forward. We cover two broad domains characterization and, risk factors, causal processes neuro‐biological pathways . Part one focuses developmental course co‐occurring characteristics conditions, functional impact living with including impairment, quality life, stigma. part two, explore genetic environmental influences putative mediating brain processes. final section, reflect future construct light cross‐cutting themes recent conceptual reformulations that cast traits as broader spectrum neurodivergence.

Language: Английский

Brain Imaging Genomics: Integrated Analysis and Machine Learning DOI Creative Commons
Li Shen, Paul M. Thompson

Proceedings of the IEEE, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 108(1), P. 125 - 162

Published: Oct. 29, 2019

Brain imaging genomics is an emerging data science field, where integrated analysis of brain and data, often combined with other biomarker, clinical environmental performed to gain new insights into the phenotypic, genetic molecular characteristics as well their impact on normal disordered function behavior. It has enormous potential contribute significantly biomedical discoveries in science. Given increasingly important role statistical machine learning biomedicine rapidly growing literature genomics, we provide up-to-date comprehensive review methods for a practical discussion method selection various applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

150
Shaping brain structure: Genetic and phylogenetic axes of macroscale organization of cortical thickness DOI Creative Commons
Sofie L. Valk, Ting Xu, Daniel S. Margulies

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(39)

Published: Sept. 25, 2020

Functional and evolutionary patterning converges at the level of macroscale cortical structural organization.

Language: Английский

Citations

148
Genetic variants associated with longitudinal changes in brain structure across the lifespan DOI
Rachel M. Brouwer, Marieke Klein, Katrina L. Grasby

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 421 - 432

Published: April 1, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

148
Mapping brain asymmetry in health and disease through the ENIGMA consortium DOI Creative Commons

Xiangzhen Kong,

Merel C. Postema,

Tulio Guadalupe

et al.

Human Brain Mapping, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 167 - 181

Published: May 18, 2020

Abstract Left–right asymmetry of the human brain is one its cardinal features, and also a complex, multivariate trait. Decades research have suggested that may be altered in psychiatric disorders. However, findings been inconsistent often based on small sample sizes. There are open questions surrounding which structures asymmetrical average healthy population, how variability relates to basic biological variables such as age sex. Over last 4 years, ENIGMA‐Laterality Working Group has published six studies gray matter morphological total sizes from roughly 3,500 17,000 individuals, were between two orders magnitude larger than those previous decades. A population‐level mapping was achieved, including an intriguing fronto‐occipital gradient cortical thickness brains. ENIGMA's multi‐dataset approach supported empirical illustration reproducibility hemispheric differences across datasets. Effect estimated for large, international, samples relation age, sex, handedness, volume, well three disorders: autism spectrum disorder associated with subtly reduced at regions spread widely over cortex; pediatric obsessive–compulsive subcortical asymmetry; major depressive not significantly changes asymmetry. Ongoing examining other Moreover, groundwork laid possibly identifying shared genetic contributions

Language: Английский

Citations

139
New insights from the last decade of research in psychiatric genetics: discoveries, challenges and clinical implications DOI Open Access
Ole A. Andreassen, Guy Hindley, Oleksandr Frei

et al.

World Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 4 - 24

Published: Jan. 14, 2023

Psychiatric genetics has made substantial progress in the last decade, providing new insights into genetic etiology of psychiatric disorders, and paving way for precision psychiatry, which individual profiles may be used to personalize risk assessment inform clinical decision‐making. Long recognized heritable, recent evidence shows that disorders are influenced by thousands variants acting together. Most these commonly occurring, meaning every a each disorder, from low high. A series large‐scale studies have discovered an increasing number common rare robustly associated with major disorders. The most convincing biological interpretation findings implicates altered synaptic function autism spectrum disorder schizophrenia. However, mechanistic understanding is still incomplete. In line their extensive epidemiological overlap, appear exist on continua share large degree one another. This provides further support notion current diagnoses do not represent distinct pathogenic entities, ongoing attempts reconceptualize nosology. also influences range behavioral somatic traits diseases, including brain structures, cognitive function, immunological phenotypes cardiovascular disease, suggesting shared potential importance. Current polygenic score tools, predict susceptibility illness, yet provide clinically actionable information. likely improve coming years, they eventually become part practice, stressing need educate clinicians patients about use misuse. review discusses key possible applications, suggests future directions.

Language: Английский

Citations

133
Engineering Exosome-Like Nanovesicles Derived from Asparagus cochinchinensis Can Inhibit the Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells with Better Safety Profile DOI Creative Commons
Lei Zhang,

Feng-Jun He,

Lina Gao

et al.

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: Volume 16, P. 1575 - 1586

Published: Feb. 1, 2021

Background: Exosomes are a type of membrane vesicles secreted by living cells. Recent studies suggest exosome-like nanovesicles (ELNVs) from fruits and vegetables involved in tissue renewal process functional regulation against inflammatory diseases or cancers. However, there few reports on ELNVs derived medicinal plants. Methods: Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. (ACNVs) were isolated characterized. Cytotoxicity, antiproliferative apoptosis-inducing capacity ACNVs hepatoma carcinoma cell assessed. The endocytosis mechanism was evaluated Hep G2 cells the presence different inhibitors. In vivo distribution detected healthy tumor-bearing mice after scavenger receptors (SRs) blockade. PEG engineering achieved through optimizing pharmacokinetic profiles. antitumor activity toxicity xenograft model. Results: purified using differential centrifugation method accompanied sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. optimized had an average size about 119 nm showed typical cup-shaped nanostructure containing lipids, proteins, RNAs. found to possess specific proliferation associated with pathway. could be internalized into tumor mainly via phagocytosis, but they quickly cleared once entering blood. Blocking SRs PEGylation decoration prolonged blood circulation time increased accumulation sites. results that PEGylated significantly inhibit growth without side effects. Conclusion: This study provides promising nano platform edible can used therapy negligible Keywords: exosome, nanovesicles, ,

Language: Английский

Citations

126
Heart-brain connections: Phenotypic and genetic insights from magnetic resonance images DOI
Bingxin Zhao, Tengfei Li, Zirui Fan

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 380(6648)

Published: June 1, 2023

Cardiovascular health interacts with cognitive and mental in complex ways, yet little is known about the phenotypic genetic links of heart-brain systems. We quantified connections using multiorgan magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from more than 40,000 subjects. Heart MRI traits displayed numerous association patterns brain gray matter morphometry, white microstructure, functional networks. identified 80 associated genomic loci (

Language: Английский

Citations

121
The genetic architecture of structural left–right asymmetry of the human brain DOI Creative Commons
Zhiqiang Sha, Dick Schijven, Amaia Carrión-Castillo

et al.

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5(9), P. 1226 - 1239

Published: March 15, 2021

Left-right hemispheric asymmetry is an important aspect of healthy brain organization for many functions including language, and it can be altered in cognitive psychiatric disorders. No mechanism has yet been identified establishing the human brain's left-right axis. We performed multivariate genome-wide association scanning cortical regional surface area thickness asymmetries, subcortical volume using data from 32,256 participants UK Biobank. There were 21 significant loci associated with different aspects asymmetry, functional enrichment involving microtubule-related genes embryonic expression. These findings are consistent a known role cytoskeleton axis determination other organs invertebrates frogs. Genetic variants overlapped those autism, educational attainment schizophrenia. Comparably large datasets will likely required future studies, to replicate further clarify associations variation behavioural traits.

Language: Английский

Citations

119
ELAVL4, splicing, and glutamatergic dysfunction precede neuron loss in MAPT mutation cerebral organoids DOI Creative Commons
Kathryn R. Bowles, M. Catarina Silva, Kristen Whitney

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 184(17), P. 4547 - 4563.e17

Published: July 26, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

119
Discovery of 42 genome-wide significant loci associated with dyslexia DOI Creative Commons

Catherine Doust,

Pierre Fontanillas, Else Eising

et al.

Nature Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 54(11), P. 1621 - 1629

Published: Oct. 20, 2022

Abstract Reading and writing are crucial life skills but roughly one in ten children affected by dyslexia, which can persist into adulthood. Family studies of dyslexia suggest heritability up to 70%, yet few convincing genetic markers have been found. Here we performed a genome-wide association study 51,800 adults self-reporting diagnosis 1,087,070 controls identified 42 independent significant loci: 15 genes linked cognitive ability/educational attainment, 27 new potentially more specific dyslexia. We validated 23 loci (13 new) cohorts Chinese European ancestry. Genetic etiology was similar between sexes, covariance with many traits found, including ambidexterity, not neuroanatomical measures language-related circuitry. Dyslexia polygenic scores explained 6% variance reading traits, might future contribute earlier identification remediation

Language: Английский

Citations

96