Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
120(42)
Published: Oct. 10, 2023
Vegetation
Turing
patterns
play
a
critical
role
in
the
ecological
functioning
of
arid
and
semi-arid
ecosystems.
However,
long-range
spatial
features
these
have
been
neglected
compared
to
short-range
like
patch
shape
wavelength.
Drawing
inspiration
from
hyperuniform
structures
material
science,
we
find
that
vegetation
pattern
exhibits
dispersion
similar
hyperuniformity.
As
degree
hyperuniformity
increases,
so
does
water-use
efficiency
vegetation.
This
finding
supports
previous
studies
suggest
represent
spatially
optimized
self-organization
ecosystems
for
water
acquisition.
The
Turing-type
significant
slowing
down
near
tipping
point,
indicating
non-negligible
transient
dynamical
behavior.
Reduced
rainfall
not
only
decreases
resilience
steady
state
ecosystem
but
also
slows
rate
optimization
long
regimes.
We
propose
indicates
after
strong,
short-term
disturbances.
Spatially
heterogeneous
disturbances
reduce
lead
longer
recovery
times
than
homogeneous
maintain
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
119(32)
Published: Aug. 2, 2022
Tipping
elements
are
nonlinear
subsystems
of
the
Earth
system
that
have
potential
to
abruptly
shift
another
state
if
environmental
change
occurs
close
a
critical
threshold
with
large
consequences
for
human
societies
and
ecosystems.
Among
these
tipping
may
be
Amazon
rainforest,
which
has
been
undergoing
intensive
anthropogenic
activities
increasingly
frequent
droughts.
Here,
we
assess
how
extreme
deviations
from
climatological
rainfall
regimes
cause
local
forest
collapse
cascades
through
coupled
forest–climate
system.
We
develop
conceptual
dynamic
network
model
isolate
uncover
role
atmospheric
moisture
recycling
in
such
cascades.
account
heterogeneity
thresholds
caused
by
adaptation
climatic
conditions.
Our
results
reveal
that,
despite
this
adaptation,
future
climate
characterized
permanent
drought
conditions
could
trigger
transition
an
open
canopy
particularly
southern
Amazon.
The
loss
contributes
one-third
events.
Thus,
exceeding
adaptive
capacity,
impacts
propagate
other
regions
basin,
causing
risk
shifts
even
where
not
crossed
locally.
Environmental Research Letters,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
17(4), P. 045006 - 045006
Published: March 11, 2022
Abstract
Many
climate
subsystems
are
thought
to
be
susceptible
tipping—and
some
might
close
a
tipping
point.
The
general
belief
and
intuition,
based
on
simple
conceptual
models
of
elements,
is
that
leads
reorganization
the
full
(sub)system.
Here,
we
explore
in
conceptual,
but
spatially
extended
heterogenous
models.
These
extensions
taken
from
all
sorts
system
components
multiple
spatial
scales.
By
analysis
bifurcation
structure
such
systems,
special
stable
equilibrium
states
revealed:
coexistence
with
part
domain
one
state,
another,
interface
between
these
regions.
critically
depend
size
heterogeneity
In
particular,
systems
crossing
point
not
necessarily
system.
Instead,
it
lead
only
domain,
limiting
impact
events
system’s
functioning.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Nov. 7, 2023
Channel
networks
are
key
to
coastal
wetland
functioning
and
resilience
under
climate
change.
Vegetation
affects
sediment
hydrodynamics
in
many
different
ways,
which
calls
for
a
coherent
framework
explain
how
vegetation
shapes
channel
network
geometry
functioning.
Here,
we
introduce
an
idealized
model
that
shows
creates
more
complexly
branching
by
increasing
the
ratio
of
incision
versus
topographic
diffusion
rates,
thereby
amplifying
channelization
feedback
recursively
incises
finer-scale
side-channels.
This
complexification
trend
qualitatively
agrees
with
provides
explanation
field
data
presented
here
as
well
earlier
studies.
Moreover,
our
demonstrates
stronger
biogeomorphic
leads
higher
densely
vegetated
marsh
platforms
extensive
drainage
networks.
These
findings
may
inspire
future
research
raising
hypothesis
vegetation-induced
self-organization
enhances
storm
surge
buffering
capacity
wetlands
their
sea-level
rise.
Aquatic
biodiversity
loss,
particularly
in
rapidly
developing
nations,
continues
to
raise
concerns,
prompting
urgent
debates
on
reconciling
economic
growth
with
environmental
preservation
through
land
use
planning.
While
spatial
variations
aquatic
communities
along
gradients
are
well-documented,
precise
ecological
thresholds
for
impacts
freshwater
lakes
remain
elusive,
hindering
sustainable
development
efforts.
This
study
investigated
six
representative
China
between
2019
and
2020,
all
significantly
impacted
by
anthropogenic
activities.
We
utilized
macroinvertebrate
as
bioindicators
employed
four
categories
of
metrics─taxonomic
diversity,
functional
pollution
tolerance,
water
quality─to
assess
their
responses
local
patterns.
Macroinvertebrate
community
composition
varied
among
the
studied
lakes,
pollution-tolerant
taxa
predominating
highly
urbanized
eutrophic
systems.
Notably,
benthic
exhibited
greater
sensitivity
urban
(ecological
thresholds:
2-10%)
compared
agricultural
(thresholds:
15-40%).
The
most
pronounced
were
observed
within
1-5
km
lakeshore,
circular
buffers
yielding
more
significant
effects
than
fan-shaped
buffers,
excluding
areas.
A
novel
intensity
indicator─the
ratio
nonecological
(NEL/EL
=
area
land/area
land)─proved
effective
predicting
shifts.
Smaller
or
heavily
showed
marked
changes
at
NEL/EL
ratios
0
0.6,
while
larger
river-connected
shifts
exceeding
1.5.
These
findings
underscore
profound
footprint
human
activities
lake
ecosystems
cover
emerging
deleterious
factor.
