Dialectics of perisomatic inhibition—The unity and conflict of opposites DOI Creative Commons
Andrei Rozov, David Jappy,

Ksenia Maltseva

et al.

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

Over the past three decades, a great deal of attention has been paid to study perisomatic inhibition and inhibitory basket cells. A growing body experimental evidence points leading role cells in generation oscillatory activity various frequency ranges. Recently link between complex behavior demonstrated several laboratories. However, all this is true only for one type interneuron-parvalbumin-positive Nevertheless, where parvalbumin-positive are found, there another cell, cholecystokinin-positive interneurons. These two types interneurons share number common features: they innervate same compartments target neurons often receive excitation from sources, but also differ each other synchrony their GABA release expression receptors. The functional not so obvious. They were thought be involved theta oscillations, however recent measurements free moving animals have put some doubts on hypothesis. Therefore, an important question is, whether these work synergistically or perform opposing actions networks? In mini-review, we attempt answer by putting forward idea that functionally united as entities network, necessary maintain rhythmogenesis "healthy", physiological range.

Language: Английский

Spike transmission failures in axons from mouse cortical pyramidal neurons in vivo DOI Creative Commons
Netanel Ofer, Víctor Hugo Cornejo, Rafael Yuste

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Abstract The propagation of action potentials along axons is traditionally considered to be reliable, as a consequence the high safety factor potential propagation. However, numerical simulations have suggested that, at frequencies, spikes could fail invade distal axonal branches. Given complex morphologies trees, with extensive branching and long-distance projections, spike failures functionally important. To explore this experimentally in vivo , we used an axonal-targeted calcium indicator image terminal branches superficial layers from mouse somatosensory cortical pyramidal neurons. We activated extracellular electrode, varying stimulation computationally extracted associated responses. find that boutons higher accumulations than their parent axons, was reported vitro . But, contrary previous results, our data reveal significant subset branches, function geometry frequency. filtering correlated geometric ratio branch diameters, expected by cable theory. These findings suggest contribute signal processing cortex.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Microfluidic Platforms Promote Polarization of Human-Derived Retinal Ganglion Cells That Model Axonopathy DOI Creative Commons
Andrew M. Boal, Nolan R. McGrady, Xitiz Chamling

et al.

Translational Vision Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 1 - 1

Published: April 3, 2023

Purpose: Axons depend on long-range transport of proteins and organelles which increases susceptibility to metabolic stress in disease. The axon initial segment (AIS) is particularly vulnerable due the high bioenergetic demand action potential generation. Here, we prepared retinal ganglion cells derived from human embryonic stem (hRGCs) probe how axonal alters AIS morphology. Methods: hRGCs were cultured coverslips or microfluidic platforms. We assayed specification morphology by immunolabeling against ankyrin G (ankG), an axon-specific protein, postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95), a dendrite-specific protein. Using platforms that enable fluidic isolation, added colchicine compartment lesion axons. verified axonopathy measuring anterograde cholera toxin subunit B cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) phosphorylated neurofilament H (SMI-34). determined influence injury samples ankG distance soma length. Results: Based measurements PSD-95 immunolabeling, promote formation separation distinct somatic–dendritic versus compartments compared coverslip cultures. Chemical lesioning axons reduced hRGC transport, increased varicosity density, enhanced expression CC3 SMI-34. Interestingly, found selectively affected with axon-carrying dendrites reducing somas increasing length, thus suggesting capacity maintain excitability. Conclusions: Thus, polarized modeling axonopathy. Translational Relevance: Microfluidic may be used assay compartmentalized degeneration occurs during glaucoma.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Compartment-specific dendritic information processing in striatal cholinergic interneurons is reconfigured by peptide neuromodulation DOI Creative Commons
Stephen R. Williams, Xiangyu Zhou, Lee N. Fletcher

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(12), P. 1933 - 1951.e3

Published: April 21, 2023

Cholinergic interneurons are central hubs of the striatal neuronal network, controlling information processing in a behavioral-state-dependent manner. It remains unknown, however, how such state transitions influence integrative properties these neurons. To address this, we made simultaneous somato-dendritic recordings from identified rodent cholinergic interneurons, revealing that action potentials initiated at dendritic sites because axonal origin. Functionally, this anatomical arrangement ensured potential initiation threshold was lowest axon-bearing sites, privilege efficacy powerfully accentuated hyperpolarized membrane achieved following salient behavioral stimuli. Experimental analysis revealed voltage-dependent attenuation non-axon-bearing excitatory input mediated by recruitment potassium channels, regulatory mechanism that, turn, controlled pharmacological activation neurokinin receptors. Together, results indicate neuropeptide microenvironment dynamically controls state- and compartment-dependent interneurons.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Axon onset remodeling in response to network activity in mouse cortical neurons DOI Creative Commons
Nadja Lehmann, Stefan Marković, Christian Thome

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Summary In certain subtypes of pyramidal neurons, axons originate from basal dendrites, resulting in an axon-carrying dendrite branch with unique functional characteristics (AcD cells). The number AcD cells increases during development, however, it is so far unclear whether neurons remodel their axon emergence throughout lifetime response to changes network activity. To test our hypothesis such large-scale morphological plasticity, we utilized vitro and vivo strategies mouse primary somatosensory cortex activity impacts onset. Based on data obtained by immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy and/or live-cell imaging, show that are indeed capable changing the onset origin somatic dendritic vice versa within a few days peripheral whisker manipulation thus sensory input drives plasticity .

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Increased Interhemispheric Connectivity of a Distinct Type of Hippocampal Pyramidal Cells DOI Creative Commons
Nikolas A Stevens,

Katja Lankisch,

Andreas Draguhn

et al.

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(7), P. e0440232023 - e0440232023

Published: Dec. 12, 2023

Neurons typically generate action potentials at their axon initial segment based on the integration of synaptic inputs. In many neurons, extends from soma, equally weighting dendritic A notable exception is found in a subset hippocampal pyramidal cells where emerges basal dendrite. This structure allows these axon-carrying dendrites (AcDs) privileged input route. We that male mice, such CA1 region receive stronger excitatory contralateral CA3, compared with those somatic origins. supported by higher count putative synapses CA3 AcD. These findings, combined prior observations distinct role sharp-wave ripple firing, suggest key this neuron coordinating bi-hemispheric activity during memory-centric oscillations.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Axons of cortical basket cells originating from dendrites develop higher local complexity than axons emerging from basket cell somata DOI Creative Commons
Steffen Gonda, Christian Rudolf Riedel, Andreas Reiner

et al.

Development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150(22)

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

Neuronal differentiation is regulated by neuronal activity. Here, we analyzed dendritic and axonal growth of Basket cells (BCs) non-Basket (non-BCs) using sparse transfection channelrhodopsin-YFP repetitive optogenetic stimulation in slice cultures rat visual cortex. Neocortical interneurons often display axon-carrying dendrites (AcDs). We found that the AcDs BCs non-BCs were, on average, most complex dendrites. Further, AcD configuration had an influence BC development. Axons originating from formed denser arborizations with more terminal endings within field parent cell. Intriguingly, this occurred already unstimulated BCs, complexity was not increased further stimulation. However, exerted a growth-promoting effect axons emerging somata. The neither responded to nor results suggest formation locally dense plexuses spontaneous Moreover, configuration, axon it carries mutually support each other's growth.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Function follows form: how the structure of neurons determines cortical network activity DOI Creative Commons
Andreas Draguhn, Martin Both

Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 475(3), P. 285 - 287

Published: Dec. 3, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Excitatory neurons in stratum radiatum provide an alternative pathway for excitation flow that escapes perisomatic inhibition DOI Open Access
Julia Lebedeva, David Jappy,

Azat Nasretdinov

et al.

Published: March 5, 2024

For over half a century, it has been postulated that the internal excitatory circuit in hippocampus consists of three relay stations. Excitation arrives from entorhinal cortex to DG granule cells, is transmitted through mossy fibers CA3 pyramidal and then Schaffer collaterals CA1 neurons. In all structures (DG, CA1), activity neurons involved synaptic transmission excitation are under control inhibitory basket recruited into network via feed-forward feed-back excitation. However, late 90s “stratum radiatum giant cells” were described as novel type neuron with anatomical features cells. Since then, role these cells hippocampal circuitry not well understood. Here, using optogenetic electrophysiological techniques we characterized functional location within network. We show that: (i) main drive stratum (ExN R ) comes collaterals; (ii) field, ExN directly connected local but provide massive efficient input parvalbumin positive (PV+) interneurons; (iii) reciprocally innervated by bistratified inhibited backet (iv) efficiency PV+ interneurons sufficient for single action potential trigger inhibition downstream Taken together, our data shows constitute an alternative pathway avoids burden perisomatic inhibition.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Physiological Sharp Waves, Replay, and Further Reflections on Axons DOI
Roger D. Traub, Andreas Draguhn

Springer eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 183 - 193

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Ex vivo functional characterization of mouse olfactory bulb projection neurons reveals a heterogenous continuum DOI
Sana Gadiwalla, C. Guillaume, Li Huang

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 22, 2024

Abstract Mitral and tufted cells in the olfactory bulb (OB) act as an input convergence hub transmit information to higher areas. Since first characterized, they have been classed distinct projection neurons based on size location: laminarly-arranged mitral with a diameter larger than 20µm layer (ML), smaller spread across both ML external plexiform (EPL). Recent vivo work has shown that these encode complementary information, akin parallel channels other sensory systems. Yet, many ex studies still collapse them into single class, mitral/tufted, when describing their physiological properties impact circuit function. Using immunohistochemistry whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology fixed or acute slices from adult mice, we attempted align viv o data test soma size-based classifier of OB using passive intrinsic firing properties. We found there is no clear separation between cell types active Rather, heterogeneous continuum three loosely clustered subgroups: EPL cells, putative ML. These findings illustrate large functional heterogeneity present within complement existing literature highlighting how systems preponderant possibly used decode complex information.

Language: Английский

Citations

0