The geometry of domain-general performance monitoring in the human medial frontal cortex

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 376(6593)

Published: May 5, 2022

Controlling behavior to flexibly achieve desired goals depends on the ability monitor one's own performance. It is unknown how performance monitoring can be both flexible, support different tasks, and specialized, perform each task well. We recorded single neurons in human medial frontal cortex while subjects performed two tasks that involve three types of cognitive conflict. Neurons encoding conflict probability, conflict, error one or were intermixed, forming a representational geometry simultaneously allowed specialization generalization. retrospectively served update internal estimates probability. Population representations compositional. These findings reveal evaluative signals abstract task-specific suggest neuronal mechanism for estimating control demand.

Language: Английский

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A canonical trajectory of executive function maturation from adolescence to adulthood

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

Theories of human neurobehavioral development suggest executive functions mature from childhood through adolescence, underlying adolescent risk-taking and the emergence psychopathology. Investigations with relatively small datasets or narrow subsets measures have identified general function development, but specific maturational timing independence potential subcomponents remain unknown. Integrating four independent (N = 10,766; 8-35 years old) twenty-three seventeen tasks, we provide a precise charting, multi-assessment investigation, replication adolescence to adulthood. Across assessments datasets, follow canonical non-linear trajectory, rapid statistically significant in late mid-adolescence (10-15 old), before stabilizing adult-levels (18-20 old). Age effects are well captured by domain-general processes that generate reproducible developmental templates across datasets. Results trajectory maturation demarcates boundaries can be integrated into future studies.

Language: Английский

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Metacognition and Confidence: A Review and Synthesis

Annual Review of Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 75(1), P. 241 - 268

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

Determining the psychological, computational, and neural bases of confidence uncertainty holds promise for understanding foundational aspects human metacognition. While a neuroscience has focused on mechanisms underpinning subpersonal phenomena such as representations in visual or motor system, metacognition research been concerned with personal-level beliefs knowledge about self-performance. I provide road map bridging this divide by focusing particular class computation: propositional one's own (hypothetical) decisions actions. Propositional is informed observer's models world their cognitive which may be more less accurate—thus explaining why metacognitive judgments are inferential sometimes diverge from task performance. Disparate findings basis performance monitoring integrated into common framework, new locus action interventions developed.

Language: Английский

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Resolving the prefrontal mechanisms of adaptive cognitive behaviors: A cross-species perspective

Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(7), P. 1020 - 1036

Published: April 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Mixed selectivity: Cellular computations for complexity

Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(14), P. 2289 - 2303

Published: May 9, 2024

The property of mixed selectivity has been discussed at a computational level and offers strategy to maximize power by adding versatility the functional role each neuron. Here, we offer biologically grounded implementational-level mechanistic explanation for in neural circuits. We define pure, linear, nonlinear discuss how these response properties can be obtained simple Neurons that respond multiple, statistically independent variables display selectivity. If their activity expressed as weighted sum, then they exhibit linear selectivity; otherwise, Neural representations based on diverse are high dimensional; hence, confer enormous flexibility downstream readout circuit. However, circuit cannot possibly encode all possible mixtures simultaneously, this would require combinatorially large number neurons. Gating mechanisms like oscillations neuromodulation solve problem dynamically selecting which transmitted readout.

Language: Английский

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Error-related cardiac deceleration: Functional interplay between error-related brain activity and autonomic nervous system in performance monitoring

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 157, P. 105542 - 105542

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Coordinated interactions between the central and autonomic nervous systems are crucial for survival due to inherent propensity human behavior make errors. In our ever-changing environment, when individuals mistakes, these errors can have life-threatening consequences. response errors, specific reactions occur in both brain activity heart rate detect correct Specifically, there two brain-related indicators of error detection awareness known as error-related negativity positivity. Conversely, cardiac deceleration denotes a momentary slowing following an error, signaling response. However, what is connection during processing? this review, we discuss functional neuroanatomical connections markers processing, exploring experimental conditions which they covary. Given current limitations available data, future research will continue investigate neurobiological factors governing brain-heart interaction, aiming utilize them combined assessing cognitive control healthy pathological conditions.

Language: Английский

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Neurophysiological mechanisms of error monitoring in human and non-human primates

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 153 - 172

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Decoding Depression Severity From Intracranial Neural Activity

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 94(6), P. 445 - 453

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Disorders of mood and cognition are prevalent, disabling, notoriously difficult to treat. Fueling this challenge in treatment is a significant gap our understanding their neurophysiological basis. We recorded high-density neural activity from intracranial electrodes implanted depression-relevant prefrontal cortical regions 3 human subjects with severe depression. Neural recordings were labeled depression severity scores across wide dynamic range using an adaptive assessment that allowed sampling temporal frequency greater than possible typical rating scales. modeled these data regularized regression techniques region selection decode the recordings. Across regions, we found reduced associated decreased low-frequency increased high-frequency activity. When constraining model single region, spectral changes anterior cingulate cortex best predicted all subjects. Relaxing constraint revealed unique, individual-specific sets spatiospectral features predictive symptom severity, reflecting heterogeneous nature The ability increases fundamental how manifests brain provides target signature for personalized neuromodulation therapies.

Language: Английский

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Geometric transformation of cognitive maps for generalization across hippocampal-prefrontal circuits

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(3), P. 112246 - 112246

Published: March 1, 2023

The ability to abstract information guide decisions during navigation across changing environments is essential for adaptation and requires the integrity of hippocampal-prefrontal circuitry. hippocampus encodes navigational in a cognitive map, but it remains unclear how maps are transformed circuits support abstraction generalization. Here, we simultaneously record ensembles as rats generalize rules distinct environments. We find that, whereas hippocampal representational maintain specificity separate environments, prefrontal Furthermore, while both structured within neural manifold population activity, they have geometries. Prefrontal geometry enables rule-informative variables, format that generalizes novel conditions existing variable classes. Hippocampal lacks such abstraction. Together, these findings elucidate into geometric representations generalization maintaining memory specificity.

Language: Английский

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Abstract representations emerge in human hippocampal neurons during inference

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 632(8026), P. 841 - 849

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Humans have the remarkable cognitive capacity to rapidly adapt changing environments. Central this is ability form high-level, abstract representations that take advantage of regularities in world support generalization1. However, little known about how these are encoded populations neurons, they emerge through learning and relate behaviour2,3. Here we characterized representational geometry neurons (single units) recorded hippocampus, amygdala, medial frontal cortex ventral temporal neurosurgical patients performing an inferential reasoning task. We found only neural formed hippocampus simultaneously encode several task variables abstract, or disentangled, format. This uniquely observed after learn perform inference, consists disentangled directly observable discovered latent variables. Learning inference by trial error verbal instructions led formation hippocampal with similar geometric properties. The relation between format behaviour suggests geometries important for complex cognition. A which participants learned whose properties reflected structure task, indicating

Language: Английский

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