Chemical Research in Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
It
is
uncertain
whether
exposure
to
environmental
concentrations
of
perfluorobutanesulfonate
(PFBS)
disrupts
the
reproductive
endocrine
system
in
amphibian
tadpoles.
In
this
study,
tadpoles
(Lithobates
catesbeianus)
G26
stage
were
treated
with
different
levels
PFBS
(0,
1,
3,
and
10
μg/L)
for
60
days
investigate
how
affects
gonadal
development
Tadpole
testes
exhibited
structural
damage
germ
cells
significantly
fewer
spermatogonia
following
exposure,
but
sex
ratio
remained
unaffected.
Further,
downregulated
transcripts
genes
associated
ovarian
(figla
nobox)
testicular
(sox9
dmrt1)
Encoding
gonadotropin
hormone
transcriptionally
upregulated
pituitary,
serum
gonadotropins
(FSH
LH)
elevated.
Genes
related
testosterone
synthesis
upregulated,
raised.
The
transcription
cyp19a1
gene,
which
involved
estradiol
(E2),
was
downregulated,
leading
decreased
E2.
Furthermore,
transcript
level
vitellogenin
gene
liver.
Thus,
appears
disrupt
hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-liver
axis
tadpoles,
subsequently
impacting
development.
findings
study
indicate
that
threaten
amphibians
first
time.
This
provides
important
insights
further
investigation
into
risk
poses
stability
population.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
Defluorination
reactions
are
increasingly
vital
due
to
the
extensive
use
of
organofluorine
compounds
with
robust
carbon–fluorine
(C–F)
bonds;
particularly,
efficient
defluorination
widespread
and
persistent
per-
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
under
mild
conditions
is
crucial
their
accumulation
in
environment
human
body.
Herein,
we
demonstrate
that
surface-modified
silicate
pronounced
proton
affinity
can
confine
active
hydrogen
(•H)
onto
nanoscale
zerovalent
iron
(nZVI)
by
withdrawing
electrons
from
nZVI
react
bound
protons,
generating
confined
(•H*)
for
ambient
conditions.
The
exposed
silicon
cation
(Siσ+)
functions
as
a
Lewis
acid
site
activate
C–F
bond
forming
Siσ+...F––C
substantially
lowers
energy
barrier
nucleophilic
•H*
attack,
thereby
facilitating
selective
hydrodefluorination
subsequent
fluorine
immobilization.
In
column
flow
reactor,
silicate-modified
efficiently
removes
perfluorooctanoic
(PFOA)
concentrations
ranging
0.24
24
μmol/L
75–92%
efficiencies,
8
times
higher
than
those
nZVI,
environmentally
friendly
alkyl
carboxylic
acids
primary
products.
Besides
PFOA,
this
novel
also
realizes
deep
other
compounds,
including
perfluorooctanesulfonates
fluoroquinolones,
demonstrating
its
superior
potential.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
876, P. 162770 - 162770
Published: March 10, 2023
The
Environmental
Protection
Agencies
(EPAs)
of
Denmark,
Sweden,
Norway,
Germany
and
the
Netherlands
submitted
a
proposal
to
European
Chemical
Agency
(ECHA)
in
February
2023
calling
for
ban
use
toxic
industrial
chemicals
per-
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS).
These
are
highly
causing
elevated
cholesterol,
immune
suppression,
reproductive
failure,
cancer
neuro-endocrine
disruption
humans
wildlife
being
significant
threat
biodiversity
human
health.
main
reason
is
recent
findings
flaws
transition
PFAS
replacements
that
leading
widespread
pollution.
Denmark
was
first
country
banning
PFAS,
now
other
EU
countries
support
restrictions
these
carcinogenic,
endocrine
disruptive
immunotoxic
chemicals.
proposed
plan
among
most
extensive
received
by
ECHA
50
years.
initiate
establishment
groundwater
parks
try
protect
its
drinking
water.
areas
free
agricultural
activities
nutritious
sewage
sludge
secure
water
xenobiotic
including
PFAS.
pollution
also
reflects
lack
comprehensive
spatial
temporal
environmental
monitoring
programs
EU.
Such
should
include
key
indicator
species
across
ecosystems
livestock,
fish
wildlife,
facilitate
detection
early
ecological
warning
signals
sustain
public
Simultaneously
with
inferring
total
ban,
push
more
persistent,
bioaccumulative
(PBT)
be
listed
on
Stockholm
Convention
(SC)
Annex
A
such
as
PFOS
(perfluorooctane
sulfonic
acid)
currently
SCs
B.
combination
regulative
combined
pan-European
biomonitoring
programs,
would
pave
way
forward
cleaner
environment
health
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 8, 2024
Because
of
their
innate
chemical
stability,
the
ubiquitous
perfluoroalkyl
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFASs)
have
been
dubbed
"forever
chemicals"
attracted
considerable
attention.
However,
stability
under
environmental
conditions
has
not
widely
verified.
Herein,
perfluorooctanoic
acid
(PFOA),
a
used
detected
PFAS,
was
found
to
be
spontaneously
degraded
in
aqueous
microdroplets
room
temperature
atmospheric
pressure
conditions.
This
unexpected
fast
degradation
occurred
via
unique
multicycle
redox
reaction
PFOA
with
interfacial
reactive
species
on
droplet
surface.
Similar
observed
for
other
PFASs.
study
extends
current
understanding
fate
chemistry
PFASs
provides
insight
into
aid
development
effective
methods
removing
Environmental Science & Technology Letters,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(5), P. 466 - 471
Published: Jan. 23, 2024
Microestuaries
have
a
crucial
role
in
supporting
biodiversity
and
human
life
quality
heavily
populated
areas.
They
are
also
the
last
barrier
controlling
fluxes
of
pollutants
from
land
to
sea.
Here,
we
report
occurrence
distribution
per-
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
during
dry
season
three
microestuaries.
The
total
PFAS
concentration
(n
=
12)
at
studied
estuaries
was
very
high
global
perspective
with
maximum
median
concentrations
17.4
3.4
μg
L–1,
respectively.
These
significantly
exceed
recommended
benchmarks
for
recreational
activity.
Our
analysis
reveals
that
major
fraction
originated
wastewater
effluents,
whereas
point
source
pollution
dominated
when
estuary
met
an
industrial
zone
containing
refinery
facilities.
In
case
limited
dilution
by
natural
riverine
water,
suggest
using
carbamazepine
as
steady
indicator
identification
originating
wastewater.
Although
microestuaries
exhibit
similar
characteristics
(morphology,
precipitation,
watershed
size,
water
volume,
etc.),
changes
input
connectivity
sea,
along
local
anthropogenic
activity,
dramatically
alter
occurrence,
concentrations,
PFAS.
This
study
suggests
subjected
ecological
risk
due
intensive
Perfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
are
a
class
of
persistent
organic
pollutants
known
as
"forever
chemicals".
Currently,
the
hydrated
electron-based
advanced
reduction
process
(ARP)
holds
promise
for
elimination
PFAS.
However,
efficiency
ARP
is
often
challenged
by
an
oxygen-rich
environment,
resulting
in
consumption
electron
source
materials
exchange
high
PFAS
decomposition
efficiency.
Herein,
we
developed
ternary
system
constructed
indole
and
isopropyl
alcohol
(IPA),
addition
IPA
significantly
enhanced
PFOA
degradation
defluorination
presence
low-concentration
(<0.4
mM).
Meanwhile,
opposite
results
were
obtained
with
higher
amount
(>0.4
Further
exploring
molecular
mechanism
reaction
system,
played
two
roles.
On
one
hand,
built
anaerobic
atmosphere
improved
yield
utilization
electrons
low
concentration
indole.
other
suppressed
attraction
between
PFOA,
thus
reducing
transfer
efficiency,
especially
more
In
general,
indole/PFAS/IPA
destruction
small
donors,
which
provided
new
insights
development
simple
efficient
techniques
treatment
PFAS-contaminated
wastewater.
