Stress disrupts engram ensembles in lateral amygdala to generalize threat memory in mice

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Relationship Between Bullying Victimization and Adolescent Sleep Quality: The Mediating Role of Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Difficulty Identifying Feelings

Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 22

Published: April 7, 2025

Bullying victimization is strongly associated with adolescent sleep quality; however, the underlying mechanisms between these variables require further exploration. This study aims to elucidate psychological linking bullying and quality by investigating anxiety as a mediating factor difficulty identifying feelings moderating factor. A self-reported survey was conducted among 1,407 adolescents in China. The assessed victimization, quality, anxiety, feelings. Descriptive correlational analyses were performed on variables, followed construction of moderated mediation model. results showed significant positive correlations Additionally, significantly positively correlated quality. Anxiety partially mediated relationship while strengthened clarifies mediator moderator. findings highlight role emotional factors this relationship, emphasizing need for targeted interventions. underscores broader significance regulation reducing negative impact bullying, supporting school-based mental health programs early By key factors, it provides valuable insights educators, parents, professionals promote well-being healthier patterns.

Language: Английский

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Embryonic exposure to environmental factors drives transmitter switching in the neonatal mouse cortex causing autistic-like adult behavior

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(35)

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be caused by environmental factors. These factors act early in the development of nervous system and induce stereotyped repetitive behaviors diminished social interactions, among other outcomes. Little is known about how these are produced. In pregnant women, delivery valproic acid (VPA) (to control seizure activity or stabilize mood) immune activation a virus increases incidence ASD offspring. We found that either VPA Poly Inosine:Cytosine (which mimics viral infection), administered at mouse embryonic day 12.5, induced neurotransmitter switch from GABA to glutamate PV- CCK-expressing interneurons medial prefrontal cortex postnatal 10. The was present for only brief period during development, observed male female mice 21 reversed both males females 30. At 90, exhibited interaction while behavior. Transfecting GAD1 10, reintroduce expression, overrode prevented expression autistic-like findings point an important role switching mediating causes autism.

Language: Английский

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Stress System Concordance: A Signature of Resilience

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 100427 - 100427

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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How the brain produces generalized fear

Clinical and Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Drugs of abuse drive neurotransmitter plasticity that alters behavior: implications for mental health

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: March 19, 2025

Neurotransmission is a complex process with multiple levels of regulation that, when altered, can significantly impact mental health. Neurons in the adult brain release more than one transmitter and environmental stimuli change type neurons express. Changes express generate changes animal behavior. The ability to transmitters and/or switch them response likely evolved provide flexibility complexity neuronal circuit function an ever-changing environment. However, this adaptability become maladaptive generating behavioral alterations that are unfit for environment which lives or tasks it needs perform. Repeated exposure addictive substances induces long-lasting molecular synaptic changes, driving appearance behaviors result drug misuse addiction. Recent findings have shown way drugs abuse alter by inducing Here, we review evidence prolonged number expressing neuropeptide orexin, neuromodulator dopamine, inhibitory GABA. These show drug-induced plasticity conserved across species, belonging different classes chemicals induce same plasticity, only cause types they Importantly, contributes long-term negative effects consumption, can, some cases, be either prevented reversed alleviate these outcomes. Regional hyperactivity appears modulate stabilization expression, no longer observed activity normalized. Overall, underscore importance continuing investigate extent significance neurotransmitter exploring whether non-invasive strategies used reverse as means mitigate use.

Language: Английский

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Hormone-switching islet cells: parallels to transmitter-switching neurons

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 28, 2025

Although originating from different germ layers, pancreatic islet cells and neurons share extensive similarities, both physiological (e.g., voltage-dependent release of a bioactive molecule) molecular highly similar composition transcription factors structural genes). Here we propose that two seemingly unrelated phenomena recognized in these cell types—neurotransmitter switching the expression or more hormones individual cells—share deep resemblance, potentially reflecting an ancient circuit plasticity. Comparing contrasting dynamic hormone transmitter may provide insights into functions underlying mechanisms phenomena.

Language: Английский

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Preclinical Evidence for the Use of Brexpiprazole + Antidepressant Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 21, P. 421 - 436

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Brexpiprazole, when administered with antidepressant therapy, may provide additional benefits due to complementary actions on noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin, and dopamine neurotransmitter systems. This review addressed the question: what information can preclinical studies use of brexpiprazole + treatment? A systematic literature was conducted search for therapy that included a behavioral test relating any psychiatric disorder. Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, conference abstracts were searched (January 1, 2011-July 5, 2021). The statistically significant (p<0.05) findings extracted. Of 296 records screened, nine articles eligible, describing seven unique studies. In rodent models, including three models depression (unpredictable chronic mild stress, social defeat lipopolysaccharide-induced depression), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) or serotonin-noradrenaline (SNRI) consistently showed over vehicle depression-like behaviors (forced swim test, tail suspension sucrose preference), whereas monotherapies did not. predator scent stress model post-traumatic disorder (PTSD), SSRI (escitalopram) benefit and/or monotherapy anxiety-like (elevated plus-maze) hyperalertness (acoustic startle response), escitalopram not significantly differ from vehicle. fear conditioning PTSD, improvements whether as in combination escitalopram. Based small number studies, administration an appears have greater treatment effect than either depression- PTSD-like behaviors. Thus, support evidence randomized clinical trials therapeutic effects adjunctive major depressive disorder, sertraline PTSD. Funding: Otsuka/Lundbeck.

Language: Английский

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Causal Relationship between White Matter Tracts and Psychiatric Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 8, 2025

White matter tracts (WMTs), which are responsible for information transmission in the brain, closely associated with onset, development, and prognosis of psychiatric disorders, yet underlying causal mechanisms their associations remain largely unclear. Thus, we employed two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore causality between WMTs 10 disorders. The sample sizes summary-level datasets were ranged from 14,307 1,222,882. We found that changes risk 8 types one standard deviation change can increase or reduce disorders by 2.2–71.4%. In reverse MR analysis, discovered alcohol use disorder also increases probability specific WMT abnormalities. Our study provides novel insights into potential association indicating characteristics may serve as biomarkers

Language: Английский

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Switching on generalized fear

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 383(6688), P. 1180 - 1181

Published: March 14, 2024

Stress induces a neurotransmitter switch that leads to fear in harmless situations.

Language: Английский

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