Exposure of insects to current use pesticide residues in soil and vegetation along spatial and temporal distribution in agricultural sites

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Abstract Current use pesticides (CUPs) are recognised as the largest deliberate input of bioactive substances into terrestrial ecosystems and one main factors responsible for current decline in insects agricultural areas. To quantify seasonal insect exposure landscape at a regional scale (Rhineland-Palatine Germany), we analysed presence multiple (93) active ingredients CUPs across three different cultivation types (with each fields: arable, vegetable, viticulture) neighbouring meadows. We collected monthly soil vegetation samples over year. A total 71 CUP residues mixtures was detected, with up to 28 25 single samples. The concentrations numbers fluctuated sampling period, peaking summer months but remaining almost constant topsoil. calculated in-field additive risks earthworms, collembola, soil-living wild bees using measured CUPs. Our results call need assess mixture low concentrations, chronically present Since this risk is not addressed regulation, emphasise urgent implement global pesticide reduction targets.

Language: Английский

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Pesticide-induced resurgence in brown planthopper is mediated by action on a suite of genes that promote juvenile hormone biosynthesis and female fecundity

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Pesticide-induced resurgence, increases in pest insect populations following pesticide application, is a serious threat to the sustainable control of many highly damaging crop pests. Resurgence can result from pesticide-enhanced reproduction, however, molecular mechanisms mediating this process remain unresolved. Here we show that brown planthopper (BPH) resurgence rice crops exposure emamectin benzoate (EB) results coordinated action suite genes regulate juvenile hormone (JH) levels, resulting increased JH titer adult females and enhanced fecundity. We demonstrate EB treatment at sublethal levels profound changes female BPH fitness including egg maturation oviposition. This reproductive EB-mediated upregulation key involved regulation JH, JHAMT Kr-h1 downregulation allatostatin ( AstA ) receptor AstAR expression. signaling known inhibit production corpora allata hence diminishes inhibitory action. find gene expression are caused by insecticide on its target, glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl). Collectively, these provide mechanistic insights into negative pesticide-induced responses insects reveal actors JH-signaling pathway underpin resurgence.

Language: Английский

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Plant volatiles-loaded core-shell micro-nano fibers to achieve efficient and sustained bisexual attraction to pests

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: April 1, 2025

Chemical pesticides face significant challenges regarding their efficacy and environmental impact. Plant-based food attractants have emerged as a promising green alternative for pest control. However, field application is limited by the short duration of effectiveness, necessitating improved carrier systems sustained release. Electrospinning technology in this field, with core-shell fibers offering superior performance efficient loading release compared to uniaxial fibers, highlighting potential further development. In study, micro-nano fiber mats were prepared via coaxial electrospinning using multiple environmentally friendly polymers. These firstly successfully loaded bisexually attractive Loxostege sticticalis adults, including 1-octen-3-ol, trans-2-hexenal, linalool, anethole, enabling effective trapping. The components spinning solution chemically compatible, after spinning, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)/polycaprolactone (PHB/PCL) shell layer polyethylene oxide (PEO) core formed clear boundaries. achieved an average encapsulation efficiency 78% active ingredients, profile that delivered over 60% within 80 days while mitigating early burst Electroantennogram behavioral studies revealed retained electrophysiological activity at least 90 days, effectively attracting male female adult insects even 75 days. Field trials demonstrated significantly outperformed commercial slow-release carriers, higher number L. adults. Additionally, exhibited strong stress resistance, biodegradability, compatibility, protecting molecules minimizing ecological developed provide highly efficient, eco-friendly plant-based attractants, prolonged insect trapping performance. This study highlights sustainable agriculture management, paving way greener alternatives chemical pesticides.

Language: Английский

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Lead (Pb) concentrations across 22 species of butterflies correlate with soil and air lead and decreased wing size in an urban field study

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 969, P. 178900 - 178900

Published: March 1, 2025

Pollution is a global issue contributing to biodiversity loss, climate change, and human health concerns. Lead (Pb) has long been recognized as toxic heavy metal pollutant but few studies have investigated the impact routes of exposure lead in field conditions across multiple species. We collected 22 common species butterflies gradient pollution Twin Cities metropolitan area (Minneapolis St. Paul, MN, USA). measured their thorax concentrations body condition including wing area, number eggs, brain mass. quantified soil, host plant leaves, air (through lichen bio-monitors) at sites where were investigate potential exposure. found negative correlation between sublethal butterfly size all Contrary expectations from previous literature, we did not find correlations concentration eggs or Our data indicate that for are particularly pronounced through soil air, relative plants, there positive nearby plants. Such effects lead, even low levels pollution, underline importance continuing reduce emissions impacts pollutants protect biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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New Isoxazoline Cyclopropyl-Picolinamide Derivatives as Potential Insecticides

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 7, 2025

Isoxazoline insecticides exhibit broad-spectrum insecticidal activity against insect pests. However, the high toxicity to honeybees limits their application in pest management. To explore reducing of isoxazoline derivatives bees, a series new cyclopropyl-picolinamide were designed and synthesized. Bioassays revealed that FSA37 showed excellent Plutella xylostella, Spodoptera litura, exigua, with LC50 values 0.077, 0.104, 0.198 mg/L, respectively. These results surpass those fluxametamide, which displayed 0.605, 0.853, 1.254 mg/L. Furthermore, exhibited notable Solenopsis invicta. Importantly, bee studies indicated possesses significantly lower acute oral compared fluralaner fluxametamide. Quantum chemical calculations molecular docking suggest fragment may be crucial for both biological safety nontarget organisms. In conclusion, represents promising candidate highly effective environmentally friendly insecticide.

Language: Английский

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Current-use pesticides in vegetation, topsoil and water reveal contaminated landscapes of the Upper Rhine Valley, Germany

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: March 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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Transgenerational Sublethal Effects Of Sulfoxaflor On The Suppression Of Aphis Citricola Van Der Goot (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

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Language: Английский

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Agrochemicals: Insect declines in a warming world

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. R66 - R69

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Susceptibility of Two Beauveria bassiana Strains on Rice Pests Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 128 - 128

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Entomopathogenic fungi represent a valuable natural resource with significant potential as biological agents for pest management. However, different species or strains of demonstrate varying effectiveness against specific targets. In this study, we assessed the impact two fungal strains, Beauveria bassiana KN801 and KN802, on rice planthoppers Ninaparvata lugens Sogatella furcifera, in combination insecticides. Our findings indicate that both B. can effectively infect nymphs adults N. S. resulting significantly higher mortality rate compared to control groups. Notably, strain demonstrated greater virulence than KN802 these pests. no differences were observed when using concentrations same (B. KN802) Additionally, showed germination over 90% after treatment combined several common insecticides like chlorfenapyr dinotefuran. The application dinotefuran could improve efficacy This study suggests have indicating their promise

Language: Английский

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Neonicotinoid insecticides can pose a severe threat to grassland plant bug communities

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: March 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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