World Journal of Surgical Oncology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: May 16, 2025
Cancer
metastasis
is
a
primary
contributor
to
cancer-related
mortality,
and
mitigating
the
risk
of
has
emerged
as
central
concern
in
oncology
research.
In
recent
years,
exercise
therapy,
non-pharmacological
intervention,
received
considerable
attention
for
its
ability
enhance
patients'
quality
life
prognosis.
Exercise
significantly
inhibits
cancer
spread,
diminishes
risk,
improves
therapy
outcomes.
Nonetheless,
exact
mechanisms
via
which
dissemination
cells
are
not
fully
elucidated.
This
review
seeks
examine
prospective
research
avenues
treatment
metastasis.
Moreover,
it
methodically
examines
pertinent
clinical
scientific
data,
along
with
efficacy
therapies
real-world
applications.
The
evaluation
moreover
suggests
future
avenues,
including
more
profound
exploration
mechanisms,
augmentation
trials,
advancement
personalized
precision
enhanced
multidisciplinary
collaboration.
shows
significant
potential
metastasis,
incorporation
into
holistic
frameworks
advised
improve
general
health
prognostic
results.
Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
384(6693)
Published: April 18, 2024
Infectious
diseases
continue
to
claim
many
lives.
Prevention
of
morbidity
and
mortality
from
these
would
benefit
not
just
new
medicines
vaccines
but
also
a
better
understanding
what
constitutes
protective
immunity.
Among
the
major
immune
signals
that
mobilize
host
defense
against
infection
is
interferon-γ
(IFN-γ),
protein
secreted
by
lymphocytes.
Forty
years
ago,
IFN-γ
was
identified
as
macrophage-activating
factor,
and,
in
recent
years,
there
has
been
resurgent
interest
biology
its
role
human
defense.
Here
we
assess
current
IFN-γ,
revisit
designation
an
"interferon,"
weigh
prospects
therapeutic
globally
pervasive
microbial
pathogens.
Science Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 28, 2025
Our
understanding
of
the
meningeal
immune
system
has
recently
burgeoned,
particularly
regarding
how
innate
and
adaptive
effector
cells
are
mobilized
to
meet
brain
challenges.
However,
information
on
immunocytes
guard
homeostasis
in
healthy
individuals
remains
limited.
This
study
highlights
heterogeneous,
polyfunctional
regulatory
T
cell
(T
reg
)
compartment
meninges.
A
subtype
specialized
controlling
interferon-gamma
(IFN-γ)
responses
another
dedicated
regulating
follicular
B
were
substantial
components
this
compartment.
Accordingly,
punctual
ablation
rapidly
unleashed
IFN-γ
production
by
lymphocytes,
unlocked
access
parenchyma,
altered
profiles.
Distally,
hippocampus
assumed
a
reactive
state,
with
morphological
transcriptional
changes
multiple
glial
types.
Within
dentate
gyrus,
neural
stem
underwent
more
death
blocked
from
further
differentiation,
which
coincided
impairments
short-term
spatial-reference
memory.
Thus,
regs
multifaceted
safeguard
at
steady
state.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: June 26, 2024
Abstract
Idiopathic
inflammatory
myopathies
(IIMs)
are
severe
autoimmune
diseases
with
poorly
understood
pathogenesis
and
unmet
medical
needs.
Here,
we
examine
the
role
of
interferon
γ
(IFNγ)
using
NOD
female
mice
deficient
in
inducible
T
cell
co-stimulator
(
Icos
),
which
have
previously
been
shown
to
develop
spontaneous
IFNγ-driven
myositis
mimicking
human
disease.
Using
muscle
proteomic
spatial
transcriptomic
analyses
reveal
profound
myofiber
metabolic
dysregulation
these
mice.
In
addition,
report
mitochondrial
abnormalities
oxidative
stress
diseased
Supporting
a
pathogenic
for
stress,
treatment
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
buffer
compound
alleviated
myositis,
preserved
ultrastructure
respiration,
reduced
inflammation.
Mitochondrial
anomalies
were
diminished
following
anti-IFNγ
treatment.
Further
analysis
IIMs
patients
myoblast
vitro
studies
supported
link
between
IFNγ
dysfunction
observed
These
results
suggest
that
dysfunction,
ROS
inflammation
interconnected
self-maintenance
loop,
opening
perspectives
mitochondria
therapy
and/or
targeting
drugs
myositis.
Cell Metabolism,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(2), P. 229 - 239
Published: Jan. 12, 2024
Tissue
regulatory
T
cells
(Tregs)
exert
pivotal
functions
in
both
immune
and
metabolic
regulation,
maintaining
local
tissue
homeostasis,
integrity,
function.
Accordingly,
Tregs
play
a
crucial
role
controlling
obesity-induced
inflammation
supporting
efficient
muscle
function
repair.
Depending
on
the
context,
are
characterized
by
unique
transcriptomes,
growth,
survival
factors
cell
receptor
(TCR)
repertoires.
This
functional
specialization
offers
potential
to
selectively
target
context-specific
Treg
populations,
tailoring
therapeutic
strategies
specific
niches,
thereby
minimizing
side
effects.
Here,
we
discuss
challenges
perspectives
for
niche-specific
targeting,
which
holds
promise
highly
precise
medical
interventions
combat
disease.
Free Radical Biology and Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
223, P. 53 - 68
Published: July 24, 2024
Skeletal
muscle
plasticity
enables
an
enormous
potential
to
adapt
various
internal
and
external
stimuli
perturbations.
Most
notably,
changes
in
contractile
activity
evoke
a
massive
remodeling
of
biochemical,
metabolic
force-generating
properties.
In
recent
years,
large
number
signals,
sensors,
regulators
effectors
have
been
implicated
these
adaptive
processes.
Nevertheless,
our
understanding
the
molecular
underpinnings
training
adaptation
remains
rudimentary.
Specifically,
mechanisms
that
underlie
signal
integration,
output
coordination,
functional
redundancy
other
complex
traits
are
unknown.
fact,
it
is
even
unclear
how
stimulus-dependent
specification
brought
about
endurance
or
resistance
exercise.
this
review,
we
will
provide
overview
on
events
describe
acute
perturbations
single
exercise
bouts.
Furthermore,
insights
into
principles
long-term
adaptation.
Finally,
current
gaps
knowledge
be
identified,
strategies
for
multi-omic
–cellular
analyses
skeletal
engaged
individual,
bouts
chronic
discussed.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
122(3)
Published: Jan. 13, 2025
Exercising
regularly
promotes
health,
but
these
benefits
are
complicated
by
acute
inflammation
induced
exercise.
A
potential
source
of
is
cell-free
DNA
(cfDNA),
yet
the
cellular
origins,
molecular
causes,
and
immune
system
interactions
exercise-induced
cfDNA
unclear.
To
study
these,
10
healthy
individuals
were
randomized
to
a
12-wk
exercise
program
either
high-intensity
tactical
training
(HITT)
or
traditional
moderate-intensity
(TRAD).
Blood
plasma
was
collected
pre-
postexercise
at
weeks
0
12
after
4
wk
detraining
upon
completion.
Whole-genome
enzymatic
methylation
sequencing
(EM-seq)
with
cell-type
proportion
deconvolution
applied
obtained
from
50
samples
paired
concentration
measurements
for
90
circulating
cytokines.
Acute
increased
release
neutrophils,
dendritic
cells
(DCs),
macrophages
proportional
intensity.
Exercise
reduced
released
in
HITT
participants
not
TRAD
DCs
neutrophils.
For
most
participants,
lowered
mitochondrial
rest,
even
detraining.
Using
analysis
approach
we
developed,
concluded
that
rapid
ETosis,
process
cell
death
where
extracellular
traps,
likely
cfDNA,
demonstrated
enrichment
nuclear
DNA.
Further,
several
cytokines
exercise,
such
as
IL-6,
IL-10,
IL-16,
attenuated
induction
only
IL-6
IL-17F.
Cytokine
levels
associated
induction,
suggesting
main
cause
cfDNA.
Overall,
intensity
modulated
cytokine
responses,
contributing
anti-inflammatory
effects
regular
Genes,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(1), P. 107 - 107
Published: Jan. 20, 2025
Introduction:
Gene
therapy
has
emerged
as
a
promising
frontier
in
the
management
of
diabetes,
offering
innovative
approaches
to
address
both
type
1
and
2
diabetes.
This
narrative
review
examines
advancements
gene
applications,
focusing
on
animal
human
studies,
includes
total
11
studies
adherence
PRISMA
guidelines.
These
utilize
various
viral
vectors,
such
adeno-associated
virus
(AAV)
lentivirus,
deliver
genes
that
regulate
insulin
production
enhance
angiogenesis.
aims
synthesize
recent
for
diabetes
its
complications,
explore
evolving
role
pharmacists
this
emerging
field.
Methods:
A
comprehensive
search
was
conducted
identify
relevant
Databases
PubMed,
Cochrane
Database
Systematic
Reviews,
Central
Register
Controlled
Trials,
Google
Scholar
were
queried
using
keywords
“Diabetes”,
“gene
therapy”,
“Type
diabetes”,
diabetes”.
Both
included
provide
broad
perspective
Results:
Animal
model
have
shown
results,
including
sustained
production,
improved
glucose
homeostasis,
enhanced
wound
healing.
Human
though
fewer
number,
reported
significant
advancements.
Patients
with
diabetic
neuropathy
treated
plasmid
VEGF
recombinant
(rAAV)
showed
improvements
neuropathic
symptoms
glycemic
control.
Other
involving
intramuscular
injections
VM202
bicistronic
VEGF165/HGF
pain
reduction,
healing
ischemic
lesions,
increased
Conclusions:
Despite
these
encouraging
limitations
small
sample
sizes,
short
follow-up
periods,
necessity
more
extensive
clinical
trials
persist.
Diabetes
is
metabolic
syndrome
requires
collaboration
multidisciplinary
team
assist
several
aspects
implementing
successful
therapy.
Several
healthcare
providers
policy
makers
may
play
crucial
patient
education,
counseling,
treatments.