How personalized cancer vaccines could keep tumours from coming back

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 630(8016), P. 290 - 292

Published: June 11, 2024

The same mRNA technology that quickly brought the world a vaccine for COVID-19 is now showing promise as bespoke therapy cancer.

Language: Английский

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Comparative performance analysis of neoepitope prediction algorithms in head and neck cancer

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 4, 2025

Background Mutations in cancer cells can result the production of neoepitopes that be recognized by T and trigger an immune response. A reliable pipeline to identify such immunogenic for a given tumor would beneficial design immunotherapies. Current methods, as proposed Tumor Neoantigen Selection Alliance (TESLA), aim select short peptides with highest likelihood MHC-I restricted minimal epitopes. Typically, only small percentage these predicted epitopes are when tested experimentally. This is particularly problematic limited amount sample available from patients acutely sick restricts number practice. led our group develop in-house termed Identify-Prioritize-Validate (IPV) identifies long cover both CD4 CD8 Methods Here, we systematically compared how IPV performs TESLA pipeline. Patient peripheral blood mononuclear were cultured vitro their corresponding candidate peptides, recognition was measured using cytokine-secretion assays. Results The consistently outperformed predicting elicited response assay. primarily due inclusion longer TESLA. Conclusions Our work underscores improved predictive ability comparison this assay system highlights need clearly define which experimental metrics used evaluate bioinformatic epitope predictions.

Language: Английский

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MHC class II-mediated spontaneous rejection of breast carcinomas expressing model neoantigens

Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. e010434 - e010434

Published: April 1, 2025

Background Cancers persist despite expression of immunogenic neoantigens and ongoing antitumor immune responses. While some occult tumors likely are cleared by effective responses, the targeted antigens not easily identifiable as those spontaneously disappear. Methods We used mouse models with a defined antigenic protein mimicking tumor-specific to address nature these spontaneous anti-tumor Results BALB/c ( H-2 d ) mice challenged breast expressing rat-erbB2 oncoprotein succumb their responses targeting model antigens. Meanwhile, congenic BALB.B b /H-2 F1 hybrid eliminate genetically matched in major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II dependent manner. Adoptive transfer cell depletion strategies revealed CD4+ T cells CD20+ B crucial mediators protective response mice. Furthermore, passive serum from rejecting confers resistance tumor antigen-tolerant animals an inversely proportional relationship between outgrowth amount specific antibody present tumor-bearing Introduction rat-erb2 ectodomain into other also promotes rejection. Notably, microenvironments differ rat-erbB2+ at time fate decision reflecting differences ineffective Conclusions find that immunity cancer is determined MHC-II-restricted presentation optimal cancer-associated These on cells, antigen-specific antibodies.

Language: Английский

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mRNA cancer vaccines: features of problems and collisions

Molecular Genetics Microbiology and Virology (Russian), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 3 - 3

Published: April 10, 2025

The article examines the structural organization of vaccine mRNA, classification tumor antigens, lessons from use mRNA in Covid19 pandemic, possibility including genome vaccinated, limitations immune system terms existence a continuum protein affinity evolutionary hierarchy organisms, causes weak immunogenicity neoantigens. restrictions on tripeptides primary structure human proteins and viruses pathogenic to it is shown. results analysis homology between several canonical non-canonical neoantigens various are presented. Collisions with considered aspect an immunoepitope affinity, which emergence auto-tolerance Undetected or rarely occurring viral can be used as potential biomarkers predict similarity epitopes proteins, infection induces lifelong immunity, discussed possible biomarker immunodominance induce long-term memory.

Language: Английский

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Vaccines as Prophylactics and Therapeutics

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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CIMT 2024: Report on the 21st Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: July 23, 2024

The 21st Association for Cancer Immunotherapy (CIMT) Annual Meeting took place from May 15th to 17th in Mainz, Germany, and was attended by a total of 855 academic clinical professionals hailing 33 different countries. conference served as platform these experts convene discuss the latest breakthroughs cancer immunology immunotherapy research. Dedicated sessions covering advancements artificial intelligence tools research, well landscape care trials on African continent, prompted lively informative discussions among attendees. This report aims provide an overview most noteworthy highlights key takeaways CIMT2024.

Language: Английский

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