Journal of Biomedical Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
29(1)
Published: July 7, 2022
With
the
continuous
emergence
of
new
SARS-CoV-2
variants
that
feature
increased
transmission
and
immune
escape,
there
is
an
urgent
demand
for
a
better
vaccine
design
will
provide
broader
neutralizing
efficacy.We
report
mRNA-based
using
engineered
"hybrid"
receptor
binding
domain
(RBD)
contains
all
16
point-mutations
shown
in
currently
prevailing
Omicron
Delta
variants.A
booster
dose
hybrid
mice
previously
immunized
with
wild-type
RBD
induced
high
titers
broadly
antibodies
against
tested
concern
(VOCs).
In
naïve
mice,
generated
strong
Omicron-specific
as
well
low
but
significant
other
VOCs.
Hybrid
also
elicited
CD8+/IFN-γ+
T
cell
responses
conserved
epitope
present
wild
type
VOCs.These
results
demonstrate
inclusion
different
antigenic
mutations
from
various
feasible
approach
to
develop
cross-protective
vaccines.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: April 28, 2022
Abstract
Since
the
outbreak
of
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic,
there
have
been
a
few
variants
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
2
(SARS-CoV-2),
one
which
is
Omicron
variant
(B.1.1.529).
The
most
mutated
SARS-CoV-2
variant,
and
its
high
transmissibility
immune
evasion
ability
raised
global
concerns.
Owing
to
enhanced
transmissibility,
has
rapidly
replaced
Delta
as
dominant
in
several
regions.
However,
recent
studies
shown
that
exhibits
reduced
pathogenicity
due
altered
cell
tropism.
In
addition,
significant
resistance
neutralizing
activity
vaccines,
convalescent
serum,
antibody
therapies.
present
review,
advances
molecular
clinical
characteristics
infectivity,
pathogenicity,
was
summarized,
potential
therapeutic
applications
response
infection
were
discussed.
Furthermore,
we
highlighted
future
waves
strategies
end
pandemic.
Nature,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
605(7909), P. 340 - 348
Published: March 28, 2022
The
COVID-19
pandemic
caused
by
the
SARS-CoV-2
virus
remains
a
global
public
health
crisis.
Although
widespread
vaccination
campaigns
are
underway,
their
efficacy
is
reduced
owing
to
emerging
variants
of
concern
Cell Host & Microbe,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
30(6), P. 880 - 886.e4
Published: March 25, 2022
The
SARS-CoV-2
Omicron
variant
escapes
neutralizing
antibodies
elicited
by
vaccines
or
infection.
However,
whether
triggers
cross-reactive
humoral
responses
to
other
variants
of
concern
(VOCs)
remains
unknown.
We
used
plasma
from
20
unvaccinated
and
7
vaccinated
individuals
infected
BA.1
test
binding,
Fc
effector
function,
neutralization
against
VOCs.
In
individuals,
function
binding
targeted
VOCs
at
comparable
levels.
BA.1-triggered
was
not
extensively
for
(14-
31-fold
titer
reduction),
we
observed
4-fold
decreased
titers
BA.2.
contrast,
vaccination
followed
breakthrough
infection
associated
with
improved
cross-neutralization
exceeding
1:2,100.
This
has
important
implications
the
vulnerability
Omicron-infected
reinfection
circulating
emerging
Although
Omicron-based
immunogens
might
be
adequate
boosters,
they
are
unlikely
superior
existing
priming
in
SARS-CoV-2-naive
individuals.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: April 29, 2022
The
SARS-CoV-2
Omicron
(B.1.1529)
variant
was
designated
as
a
of
concern
(VOC)
by
the
World
Health
Organization
(WHO)
on
November
26,
2021.
Within
two
months,
it
had
replaced
Delta
and
become
dominant
circulating
around
world.
possesses
an
unprecedented
number
mutations,
especially
in
spike
protein,
which
may
be
influencing
its
biological
clinical
aspects.
Preliminary
studies
have
suggested
that
increased
transmissibility
reduced
protective
effects
neutralizing
antibodies
contributed
to
rapid
spread
this
variant,
posing
significant
challenge
control
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic.
There
is,
however,
silver
lining
for
wave
variant.
A
lower
risk
hospitalization
mortality
has
been
observed
prevailing
countries.
Booster
vaccination
also
ameliorated
reduction
neutralization.
Antiviral
drugs
are
minimally
influenced.
Moreover,
functions
Fc-mediated
T-cell
immunity
retained
great
extent,
both
play
key
role
preventing
severe
disease.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: June 21, 2022
Abstract
Coronaviruses
can
evolve
and
spread
rapidly
to
cause
severe
disease
morbidity
mortality,
as
exemplified
by
SARS-CoV-2
variants
of
the
COVID-19
pandemic.
Although
currently
available
vaccines
remain
mostly
effective
against
variants,
additional
treatment
strategies
are
needed.
Inhibitors
that
target
essential
viral
enzymes,
such
proteases
polymerases,
represent
key
classes
antivirals.
However,
clinical
use
antiviral
therapies
inevitably
leads
emergence
drug
resistance.
In
this
study
we
implemented
a
strategy
pre-emptively
address
resistance
protease
inhibitors
targeting
main
(M
pro
)
SARS-CoV-2,
an
enzyme
promotes
maturation.
We
solved
nine
high-resolution
cocrystal
structures
M
bound
substrate
peptides
six
with
cleavage
products.
These
enabled
us
define
envelope
,
map
critical
recognition
elements,
identify
evolutionarily
vulnerable
sites
may
be
susceptible
mutations
would
compromise
binding
newly
developed
inhibitors.
Our
results
suggest
for
developing
robust
will
retain
longer-lasting
efficacy
evolving
pathogen.
Journal of Medical Virology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
94(6), P. 2336 - 2342
Published: Feb. 4, 2022
Highlights
Omicron
has
shown
immune
escape
from
neutralizing
antibodies
generated
through
previous
infection
or
vaccination.
It
could
evade
the
protection
provided
by
mAbs
being
used
in
clinics
for
treating
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID‐19)
patients.
Booster
dose
is
recommended
to
elevate
protective
levels
of
COVID‐19
vaccinated
individuals.
The
development
powerful
oral
antiviral
drugs
such
as
Molnupiravir
and
Paxlovid
have
promising
clinical
results
raised
new
hopes
treatment.
High
efforts
are
made
develop
highly
efficacious
vaccines,
implementing
appropriate
prevention
control
strategies
counter
Omicron.
BMC Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
20(1)
Published: March 3, 2022
The
COVID-19
pandemic
is
caused
by
the
betacoronavirus
SARS-CoV-2.
In
November
2021,
Omicron
variant
was
discovered
and
immediately
classified
as
a
of
concern
(VOC),
since
it
shows
substantially
more
mutations
in
spike
protein
than
any
previous
variant,
especially
receptor-binding
domain
(RBD).
We
analyzed
binding
RBD
to
human
angiotensin-converting
enzyme-2
receptor
(ACE2)
ability
sera
from
patients
or
vaccinees
comparison
Wuhan,
Beta,
Delta
variants.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: June 28, 2022
The
availability
of
three
COVID-19
vaccines
in
the
United
States
provides
an
unprecedented
opportunity
to
examine
how
vaccine
platforms
and
timing
vaccination
pregnancy
impact
maternal
neonatal
immunity.
Here,
we
characterize
antibody
profile
after
Ad26.COV2.S,
mRNA-1273
or
BNT162b2
158
pregnant
individuals
evaluate
transplacental
transfer
by
profiling
umbilical
cord
blood
175
maternal-neonatal
dyads.
These
analyses
reveal
lower
vaccine-induced
functions
Fc
receptor-binding
Ad26.COV2.S
compared
mRNA
subtle
advantages
titer
function
with
versus
BN162b2.
have
higher
titers
against
SARS-CoV-2
variants
concern.
First
third
trimester
results
enhanced
antibody-dependent
NK-cell
activation,
cellular
neutrophil
phagocytosis,
complement
deposition
relative
second
trimester.
Higher
ratios
following
first
may
reflect
placental
compensation
for
waning
titers.
provide
novel
insight
into
platform
on
humoral
immune
response
transfer.
