Soil microbial diversity–biomass relationships are driven by soil carbon content across global biomes

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 2081 - 2091

Published: Feb. 9, 2021

Abstract The relationship between biodiversity and biomass has been a long standing debate in ecology. Soil are essential drivers of ecosystem functions. However, unlike plant communities, little is known about how the diversity soil microbial communities interlinked across globally distributed biomes, variations this influence function. To fill knowledge gap, we conducted field survey global with contrasting vegetation climate types. We show that carbon (C) content associated to diversity–biomass ratio soils biomes. This provides an integrative index identify those locations on Earth wherein much higher compared vice versa. diversity-to-biomass peaks arid environments low C content, very C-rich cold environments. Our study further advances reductions land use intensification change could cause dramatic shifts diversity-biomass ratio, potential consequences for broad processes.

Language: Английский

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Aridity-driven shift in biodiversity–soil multifunctionality relationships

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

Relationships between biodiversity and multiple ecosystem functions (that is, multifunctionality) are context-dependent. Both plant soil microbial diversity have been reported to regulate multifunctionality, but how their relative importance varies along environmental gradients remains poorly understood. Here, we relate multifunctionality across 130 dryland sites a 4,000 km aridity gradient in northern China. Our results show strong positive association species richness less arid regions, whereas diversity, particular of fungi, is positively associated with more regions. This shift the relationships or occur at an level ∼0.8, boundary semiarid climates, which predicted advance geographically ∼28% by end current century. study highlights that loss plants microorganisms may especially consequences under low high conditions, respectively, calls for climate-specific conservation strategies mitigate effects aridification.

Language: Английский

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How microbes can, and cannot, be used to assess soil health

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 153, P. 108111 - 108111

Published: Dec. 13, 2020

Language: Английский

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A closer look at the functions behind ecosystem multifunctionality: A review

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 109(2), P. 600 - 613

Published: Oct. 6, 2020

Abstract In recent years there has been an upsurge of studies on ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF), or the ability ecosystems to simultaneously provide multiple functions and/or services. The concept EMF itself, analytical approaches used calculate it, and its implications depending spatial scale field study have discussed in detail. However, date little dialogue concerning basis studies: what should not be considered appropriate measures for functions. To begin this discussion, we performed in‐depth review across four major terrestrial (agroecosystems, drylands, forests grasslands) by analysing 82 studies, which together assessed 775 from a variety greenhouse experiments globe. number analysed varied two per found large differences distribution types service categories. Furthermore, was explanation why certain variables were included calculation how they relate functioning. Synthesis . Based literature analysis, it is clear that no general agreement regarding measurements ecology. address issue, propose guideline determining measuring

Language: Английский

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Manure management and soil biodiversity: Towards more sustainable food systems in the EU

Agricultural Systems, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 194, P. 103251 - 103251

Published: Sept. 8, 2021

In the European Union (EU-27) and UK, animal farming generated annually more than 1.4 billion tonnes of manure during period 2016–2019. Of this, 90% is directly re-applied to soils as organic fertiliser. Manure promotes plant growth, provides nutritious food soil organisms, adds genetic functional diversity improves chemical physical properties. However, it can also cause pollution by introducing toxic elements (i.e., heavy metals, antibiotics, pathogens) contribute nutrient losses. Soil organisms play an essential role in transformation into degradation any potential constitutes; however, management practices often neglect biodiversity. this review, we explored impact from farmed animals on biodiversity considering factors that determine effects vice versa. By evaluating manure's enhance biodiversity, but its environmental risks, assessed current future EU policy legislations with ultimate aim providing recommendations enable a sustainable farm manures. This review relationship between 407 published papers relevant legislative provisions. addition, evaluated whether benefits risks are considered management. Thereafter, analysed legislation manure, important driver for treatment, application storage. found coupling mitigate present risks. Our analyses showed quality quantity therefore, agricultural protect promote appropriate, high-quality or biostimulant preparations based could accelerate move towards production systems. needs be appropriately factored when assessing amendments provide better guidelines use reduce costs radical changes philosophies needed so enhanced requires greater attention, calling targeted policies. proposed approach applied Member States include protection measures national legislation, at level, implementation strategic goals.

Language: Английский

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Soil pH is the primary factor driving the distribution and function of microorganisms in farmland soils in northeastern China

Annals of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 69(13), P. 1461 - 1473

Published: Dec. 1, 2019

Abstract Purpose To understand which environmental factors influence the distribution and ecological functions of bacteria in agricultural soil. Method A broad range farmland soils was sampled from 206 locations Jilin province, China. We used 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina HiSeq sequencing to estimated soil bacterial community structure functions. Result The dominant taxa terms abundance were found be, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria. Bacterial communities dominantly affected by pH, whereas organic carbon did not have a significant on communities. Soil pH significantly positively correlated with operational taxonomic unit α-diversity (P<0.05) spatially rather than nutrients. using FAPROTAX, relative anaerobic aerobic chemoheterotrophs, nitrifying 27.66%, 26.14%, 6.87%, respectively, total community. Generally, results indicate that is more important nutrients shaping soils, including their biogeographic distribution.

Language: Английский

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Formulation of Microbial Inoculants by Encapsulation in Natural Polysaccharides: Focus on Beneficial Properties of Carrier Additives and Derivatives

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 10, 2020

In the last 10-15 years, wide application of bioformulated plant beneficial microorganisms is accepted as an effective alternative chemical agro-products. Two main problems can be distinguished in their production and application: (a) economical competiveness based on overall up-stream down-stream operational costs, (b) development commercial products with a high soil-plant colonization potential controlled conditions but not able to effectively mobilize soil nutrients and/or combat pathogens field. To solve above problems, microbe-based formulations produced by immobilization methods are gaining attention they demonstrate large number advantages compared other solid liquid formulations. This mini-review summarizes knowledge additional compounds that form part bioformulations. The additives exert economical, price-decreasing effects bulking agents or direct improving microbial survival during storage after introduction into simultaneous plants. some studies, combinations used complex impact, which improves characteristics final products. Special paid polysaccharide carriers derivates, play stimulatory role plants less studied. also focuses difficulty evaluating bio-formulations.

Language: Английский

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Tradeoffs among microbial life history strategies influence the fate of microbial residues in subtropical forest soils

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 153, P. 108112 - 108112

Published: Dec. 16, 2020

Language: Английский

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Organic amendments enhance soil microbial diversity, microbial functionality and crop yields: A meta-analysis

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 829, P. 154627 - 154627

Published: March 17, 2022

Language: Английский

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Advancing the mechanistic understanding of the priming effect on soil organic matter mineralisation

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(6), P. 1355 - 1377

Published: March 9, 2022

Abstract The priming effect (PE) is a key mechanism contributing to the carbon balance of soil ecosystem. Almost 100 years research since its discovery in 1926 have led rich body scientific publications identify drivers and mechanisms involved. A few review articles summarised acquired knowledge; last major one was published 2010. Since then, knowledge on microbial communities involved PE + C sequestration has been considerably renewed. This article reviews current state what extent new insights may improve our ability understand predict evolution stocks. We propose framework unify different concepts terms that emerged from international community this topic, report recent discoveries needs. Seventy per cent studies were 10 years, illustrating renewed interest for PE, probably linked increased concern about importance climate change food security issues. Among all proposed along with explain some are named differently but actually refer same object. overall introduces ‘artificial’ complexity mechanistic understanding we common, shared terminology. Despite remaining gaps, consistent progress achieved decipher abiotic underlying together role enzymes identity actors However, including into models SOM dynamics remains challenging as long not fully understood. In meantime, empirical alternatives available reproduce observations accurately when calibration robust. Based knowledge, scenarios depicting impact ecosystem services under conditions. Read free Plain Language Summary Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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