Infectivity and Persistence of Influenza A Virus in Raw Milk DOI Creative Commons
Alessandro Zulli, Mengyang Zhang, S.M. de Jong

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Influenza A viruses present important public health risks, with recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in dairy cattle raising concerns about potential transmission through raw milk consumption. This study investigated the persistence virus H1N1 PR8 (IAV PR8) cow at 4 °C. We found a first-order decay rate constant −2.05 day–1 equivalent to T99 2.3 days. Viral RNA remained detectable for least 57 days no degradation. Pasteurization (63 °C 30 min) reduced infectious undetectable levels and viral concentrations, but reduction was less than 1 log10. These findings highlight risk zoonotic consumption underscore importance pasteurization. The prolonged both pasteurized has implications food safety assessments environmental monitoring, particularly context surveillance viruses.

Language: Английский

Gut Microbiota Secondary Metabolites: Key Roles in GI Tract Cancers and Infectious Diseases DOI Creative Commons

Eman K. E. Anwer,

Muhammad Ajagbe,

Mohamed Sherif

et al.

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 100 - 100

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

The gut microbiota, a dynamic ecosystem of trillions microorganisms, produces secondary metabolites that profoundly influence host health. Recent research has highlighted the significant role these metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids, indoles, and bile in modulating immune responses, impacting epigenetic mechanisms, contributing to disease processes. In gastrointestinal (GI) cancers such as colorectal, liver, gastric cancer, microbial can drive tumorigenesis by promoting inflammation, DNA damage, evasion. Conversely, same hold therapeutic promise, potentially enhancing responses chemotherapy immunotherapy even directly suppressing tumor growth. addition, play crucial roles infectious susceptibility resilience, mediating pathways impact pathogen resistance. By consolidating recent insights into microbiota's shaping health, this review underscores potential targeting microbiome-derived for treating GI diseases calls further microbiome-based interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Impact of organic compounds on the stability of influenza A virus in deposited 1-μL droplets DOI Creative Commons
Aline Schaub, Shannon C. David, Irina Glas

et al.

mSphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(9)

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

ABSTRACT The composition of respiratory fluids influences the stability viruses in exhaled aerosol particles and droplets, though role organics modulating virus remains poorly understood. This study investigates effect organic compounds on influenza A (IAV) deposited droplets. We compare infectivity loss IAV at different relative humidities (RHs) over course 1 h 1-µL droplets consisting phosphate-buffered saline (without organics), synthetic lung fluid, or nasal mucus (both containing organics). show that increases with increasing organic:salt ratios. Among various species, proteins are identified as most protective component, smaller stabilizing more efficiently same mass concentration. Organics act by both efflorescence RH shortening drying period until a given RH. research advances our mechanistic understanding how stabilize thus influence their inactivation IMPORTANCE affects Understanding is important it impacts spread we can combat them. focus investigate found fluid protect from inactivation. demonstrate ratio to salt an indicator stability. organics, small particularly effective protecting IAV. Their part explained proteins’ crystallization salts thereby shielding prolonged exposure harmful concentrations. these mechanisms helps us grasp sustain time contributing efforts controlling infectious diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Infectivity and persistence of influenza viruses in raw milk DOI Creative Commons
Alessandro Zulli, Mengyang Zhang, S.M. de Jong

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 12, 2024

Abstract Influenza A viruses present a significant public health risk, with recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in dairy cattle raising concerns about potential transmission through raw milk consumption. This study investigated the persistence virus PR8 (IAV PR8) cow at 4 °C. We found that IAV remained infectious for up to 5 days, decay rate constant −2.05 day −1 . In contrast, viral RNA detectable and stable least 57 no degradation. Pasteurization (63°C 30 minutes) significantly reduced concentrations, but reduction was less than 1 log. These findings highlight risk zoonotic consumption underscore importance pasteurization. The prolonged both pasteurized has implications food safety assessments environmental monitoring, particularly context surveillance viruses. Synopsis is persistent milk, even after pasteurization, it remains days refrigerated milk.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Infectivity and Persistence of Influenza A Virus in Raw Milk DOI Creative Commons
Alessandro Zulli, Mengyang Zhang, S.M. de Jong

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Influenza A viruses present important public health risks, with recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in dairy cattle raising concerns about potential transmission through raw milk consumption. This study investigated the persistence virus H1N1 PR8 (IAV PR8) cow at 4 °C. We found a first-order decay rate constant −2.05 day–1 equivalent to T99 2.3 days. Viral RNA remained detectable for least 57 days no degradation. Pasteurization (63 °C 30 min) reduced infectious undetectable levels and viral concentrations, but reduction was less than 1 log10. These findings highlight risk zoonotic consumption underscore importance pasteurization. The prolonged both pasteurized has implications food safety assessments environmental monitoring, particularly context surveillance viruses.

Language: Английский

Citations

0