Salt Supersaturation as an Accelerator of Influenza A Virus Inactivation in 1 μL Droplets DOI
Aline Schaub, Beiping Luo, Shannon C. David

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(42), P. 18856 - 18869

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

Influenza A virus (IAV) spreads through exhaled aerosol particles and larger droplets. Estimating the stability of IAV is challenging depends on factors such as respiratory matrix drying kinetics. Here, we combine kinetic experiments millimeter-sized saline droplets with a biophysical model to quantify impact NaCl stability. We show that inactivation determined by concentration, which increases during water evaporation then decreases again when efflorescence occurs. When in air relative humidity RH = 30%, follows an inverted sigmoidal curve, occurring most rapidly concentration exceeds 20 mol/(kg H2O) immediately prior efflorescence. Efflorescence reduces molality saturated conditions, resulting significantly reduced rate. demonstrate rate k exponentially molality, after solution reaches equilibrium, proceeds at first-order Introducing sucrose, organic cosolute, attenuates via two mechanisms: first decreasing phase second protective effect against NaCl-induced inactivation. For both pure sucrose-containing droplets, our ResAM accurately simulates used only inactivating factor. This study highlights role provides mechanistic basis for observed rates.

Language: Английский

Mucin Colocalizes with Influenza Virus and Preserves Infectivity in Deposited Model Respiratory Droplets DOI
Jin Pan, Nisha K. Duggal, Seema S. Lakdawala

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

The stability of influenza virus in respiratory particles varies with relative humidity (RH) and protein content. This study investigated the decay, or loss infectivity, A (IAV) 1-μL droplets deposited on a surface varying concentrations mucin, one most abundant proteins mucus, examined localization virions within droplets. IAV remained stable at 0.1% 0.5% mucin phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) over 4 h 20%, 50%, 80% RH, maximum decay 1.2 log10/mL. In contrast, pure PBS droplets, decayed by least 2.6 log10/mL after 50% RH. Mucin's protective effect was independent its concentration, except RH h. Confocal microscopy revealed that 20% led to thicker coffee rings dendritic patterns where colocalized mucin. At no morphological difference observed between PBS-only mucin-containing but still center Analysis digital droplet PCR showed helped maintain integrity. To our knowledge, this is first localize model results suggest mucin's colocalization may protect from environmental stressors, enhancing stability.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Salt Supersaturation as an Accelerator of Influenza A Virus Inactivation in 1 μL Droplets DOI
Aline Schaub, Beiping Luo, Shannon C. David

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(42), P. 18856 - 18869

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

Influenza A virus (IAV) spreads through exhaled aerosol particles and larger droplets. Estimating the stability of IAV is challenging depends on factors such as respiratory matrix drying kinetics. Here, we combine kinetic experiments millimeter-sized saline droplets with a biophysical model to quantify impact NaCl stability. We show that inactivation determined by concentration, which increases during water evaporation then decreases again when efflorescence occurs. When in air relative humidity RH = 30%, follows an inverted sigmoidal curve, occurring most rapidly concentration exceeds 20 mol/(kg H2O) immediately prior efflorescence. Efflorescence reduces molality saturated conditions, resulting significantly reduced rate. demonstrate rate k exponentially molality, after solution reaches equilibrium, proceeds at first-order Introducing sucrose, organic cosolute, attenuates via two mechanisms: first decreasing phase second protective effect against NaCl-induced inactivation. For both pure sucrose-containing droplets, our ResAM accurately simulates used only inactivating factor. This study highlights role provides mechanistic basis for observed rates.

Language: Английский

Citations

2