Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
6(1)
Published: May 5, 2016
Abstract
Alterations
in
the
composition
of
commensal
bacterial
populations,
a
phenomenon
known
as
dysbiosis,
are
linked
to
multiple
gastrointestinal
disorders,
such
inflammatory
bowel
disease
and
irritable
syndrome,
or
infections
by
diverse
enteric
pathogens.
Blastocystis
is
one
most
common
single-celled
eukaryotes
detected
human
faecal
samples.
However,
clinical
significance
this
widespread
colonization
remains
unclear,
its
pathogenic
potential
controversial.
To
address
issue
pathogenicity,
we
investigated
impact
protist
on
gut
microbiota.
For
that
purpose,
conducted
cross-sectional
study
including
48
-colonized
patients
-free
subjects
performed
an
Ion
Torrent
16S
rDNA
gene
sequencing
decipher
-associated
Here,
report
higher
diversity
microbiota
colonized
patients,
abundance
Clostridia
well
lower
Enterobacteriaceae.
Our
results
contribute
suggesting
usually
associated
with
healthy
microbiota,
rather
than
dysbiosis
generally
observed
metabolic
infectious
diseases
tract.
The
gastrointestinal
tract
of
mammals
hosts
a
high
and
diverse
number
different
microorganisms,
known
as
intestinal
microbiota.
Many
probiotics
were
originally
isolated
from
the
tract,
they
defined
by
Food
Agriculture
Organization
United
Nations
(FAO)/WHO
"live
microorganisms
which
when
administered
in
adequate
amounts
confer
health
benefit
on
host."
Probiotics
exert
their
beneficial
effects
host
through
four
main
mechanisms:
interference
with
potential
pathogens,
improvement
barrier
function,
immunomodulation
production
neurotransmitters,
targets
vary
resident
microbiota
to
cellular
components
gut-brain
axis.
However,
spite
wide
array
mechanisms
deployed
probiotic
bacteria,
relatively
few
have
been
supported
clinical
data.
In
this
regard,
strains
effective
antibiotic-associated
diarrhea
or
inflammatory
bowel
disease
for
instance.
aim
review
was
compile
molecular
underlying
probiotics,
mainly
interaction
mucosa.
specific
benefits
discussed
paper
include
among
others
those
elicited
directly
dietary
modulation
human
gut
Military Medical Research,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
4(1)
Published: April 27, 2017
The
gut
microbiota,
the
largest
symbiotic
ecosystem
with
host,
has
been
shown
to
play
important
roles
in
maintaining
intestinal
homeostasis.
Dysbiosis
of
microbiome
is
caused
by
imbalance
between
commensal
and
pathogenic
microbiomes.
regulates
maturation
mucosal
immune
system,
while
causes
immunity
dysfunction,
resulting
disease
development.
which
consists
lymph
nodes,
lamina
propria
epithelial
cells,
constitutes
a
protective
barrier
for
integrity
tract.
composition
microbiota
under
surveillance
normal
system.
Inflammation,
abnormal
responses,
influences
balance
microbiome,
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
briefly
outlined
interaction
system
provided
reference
future
studies.
BMJ,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. j5145 - j5145
Published: Jan. 8, 2018
ABSTRACT
The
role
of
the
gut
microbiome
in
models
inflammatory
and
autoimmune
disease
is
now
well
characterized.
Renewed
interest
human
its
metabolites,
as
notable
advances
host
mucosal
immunology,
has
opened
multiple
avenues
research
to
potentially
modulate
responses.
complexity
interdependence
these
diet-microbe-metabolite-host
interactions
are
rapidly
being
unraveled.
Importantly,
most
progress
field
comes
from
new
knowledge
about
functional
properties
microorganisms
physiology
their
effect
immunity
distal
inflammation.
This
review
summarizes
preclinical
clinical
evidence
on
how
dietary,
probiotic,
prebiotic,
based
therapeutics
affect
our
understanding
wellness
disease,
particularly
autoimmunity.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Aug. 15, 2018
The
microbiota
consists
of
a
dynamic
multispecies
community
bacteria,
fungi,
archaea
and
protozoans,
bringing
to
the
host
organism
dowry
cells
genes
more
numerous
than
its
own.
Among
different
non-sterile
cavities,
human
gut
harbors
most
complex
microbiota,
with
strong
impact
on
homeostasis
immunostasis,
being
thus
essential
for
maintaining
health
condition.
In
this
review
we
outline
roles
in
immunity,
starting
background
information
supporting
further
presentation
implications
dysbiosis
susceptibility
infections,
hypersensitivity
reactions,
autoimmunity,
chronic
inflammation
cancer.
role
diet
antibiotics
occurrence
pathological
consequences,
as
well
potential
probiotics
restore
eubiosis
is
also
discussed.
Clinical & Experimental Immunology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
195(1), P. 74 - 85
Published: June 19, 2018
The
microbiome
is
represented
by
microorganisms
which
live
in
a
symbiotic
way
with
the
mammalian.
Microorganisms
have
ability
to
influence
different
physiological
aspects
such
as
immune
system,
metabolism
and
behaviour.
In
recent
years,
several
studies
highlighted
role
of
pathogenesis
autoimmune
diseases.
Notably,
systemic
lupus
erythematosus
an
alteration
intestinal
flora
(lower
Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes
ratio)
has
been
described.
Conversely,
changes
gut
commensal
periodontal
disease
proposed
important
factors
rheumatoid
arthritis.
At
same
time,
other
diseases
(i.e.
sclerosis,
Sjögren's
syndrome
anti-phospholipid
syndrome)
also
share
modifications
tract
oral
flora.
Herein,
we
describe
maintenance
homeostasis
system
then
alterations
that
occur
Finally,
will
consider
use
probiotics
faecal
transplantation
novel
therapeutic
targets.
