Metagenomic assembly insight into the antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic resistant bacteria in packaged drinking water system

Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 115381 - 115381

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Physical communication pathways in bacteria: an extra layer to quorum sensing

Biophysical Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Abstract Bacterial communication is essential for survival, adaptation, and collective behavior. While chemical signaling, such as quorum sensing, has been extensively studied, physical cues play a significant role in bacterial interactions. This review explores the diverse range of stimuli, including mechanical forces, electromagnetic fields, temperature, acoustic vibrations, light that bacteria may experience with their environment within community. By integrating these pathways, can coordinate activities adapt to changing environmental conditions. Furthermore, we discuss how stimuli modulate growth, lifestyle, motility, biofilm formation. understanding underlying mechanisms, develop innovative strategies combat infections optimize industrial processes.

Language: Английский

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Substrate stiffness impacts early biofilm formation by modulating Pseudomonas aeruginosa twitching motility

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 9, 2023

Surface-associated lifestyles dominate in the bacterial world. Large multicellular assemblies, called biofilms, are essential to survival of bacteria harsh environments and closely linked antibiotic resistance pathogenic strains. Biofilms stem from surface colonization a wide variety substrates encountered by bacteria, living tissues inert materials. Here, we demonstrate experimentally that promiscuous opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa explores differently based on their rigidity, leading striking variations biofilm structure, exopolysaccharides (EPS) distribution, strain mixing during co-colonization phenotypic expression. Using simple kinetic models, show these phenotypes arise through mechanical interaction between elasticity substrate type IV pilus (T4P) machinery, mediates surface-based motility twitching. Together, our findings reveal new role for softness spatial organization complex microenvironments, with far-reaching consequences efficient formation.

Language: Английский

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Disentangling the feedback loops driving spatial patterning in microbial communities

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa type IV pili actively induce mucus contraction to form biofilms in tissue-engineered human airways

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(8), P. e3002209 - e3002209

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes antibiotic–recalcitrant pneumonia by forming biofilms in the respiratory tract. Despite extensive vitro experimentation, how P . forms at airway mucosa is unresolved. To investigate process of biofilm formation realistic conditions, we developed AirGels: 3D, optically accessible tissue–engineered human lung models that emulate mucosal environment. AirGels recapitulate important factors mediate host–pathogen interactions including mucus secretion, flow and air–liquid interface (ALI), while accommodating high–resolution live microscopy. With AirGels, investigated contributions to biogenesis vivo–like conditions. We found mucus–associated within hours contracting luminal early during colonization. Mucus contractions facilitate aggregation, thereby nucleating biofilms. show actively contracts using retractile filaments called type IV pili. Our results therefore suggest that, protecting epithelia, constitutes a breeding ground for

Language: Английский

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The accumulation and growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on surfaces is modulated by surface mechanics via cyclic-di-GMP signaling

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

Attachment of bacteria onto a surface, consequent signaling, and accumulation growth the surface-bound bacterial population are key initial steps in formation pathogenic biofilms. While recent reports have hinted that surface mechanics may affect on processes underlie perception modulation response to remain largely unknown. We use thin thick hydrogels coated glass create composite materials with different (higher elasticity for composites; lower composites) but same adhesivity chemistry. The mechanical cue stemming from is elucidated using experiments opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa combined finite-element modeling. Adhesion composites results greater changes stress strain envelope than does adhesion identical Using quantitative microscopy, we find also higher cyclic-di-GMP levels, which turn result motility less detachment, thus composites. Mechanics-dependent c-di-GMP production mediated by cell-surface-exposed protein PilY1. biofilm lag phase, longer populations composites, This study shows clear evidence actively regulate differential surfaces stiffnesses via perceiving varied upon engagement.

Language: Английский

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Tight-packing of large pilin subunits provides distinct structural and mechanical properties for the Myxococcus xanthus type IVa pilus

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(17)

Published: April 16, 2024

Type IVa pili (T4aP) are ubiquitous cell surface filaments important for motility, adhesion to surfaces, DNA uptake, biofilm formation, and virulence. T4aP built from thousands of copies the major pilin subunit tipped by a complex composed minor pilins in some systems also PilY1 adhesin. While structurally characterized have lengths <165 residues, PilA Myxococcus xanthus is unusually large with 208 residues. All conserved N-terminal domain variable C-terminal domain, additional residues due larger domain. We solved structure M. (T4aP Mx ) at resolution 3.0 Å using cryo-EM. The follows structural blueprint other pilus core comprised interacting α1-helices, while globular domains decorate surface. atomic model into this map shows that has more extensive intersubunit contacts than T4aP. As expected these greater contacts, bending axial stiffness significantly higher supports T4aP-dependent motility on surfaces different stiffnesses. Notably, variants interrupted interfaces had decreased stiffness, length, strongly reduced motility. These observations support an evolutionary scenario whereby enables formation rigid expands environmental conditions which system functions.

Language: Английский

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Archaeal type IV pili stabilize Haloferax volcanii biofilms in flow

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(15), P. 3265 - 3271.e4

Published: July 19, 2023

Multicellular communities of contiguous cells attached to solid surfaces called biofilms represent a common microbial strategy improve resilience in adverse environments.1,2,3 While bacterial have been under intense investigation, whether archaeal follow similar assembly rules remains unknown.4,5Haloferax volcanii is an extremely halophilic euryarchaeon that commonly colonizes salt crust surfaces. H. produces long and thin appendages type IV pili (T4Ps). These play role surface attachment biofilm formation both archaea bacteria. In this study, we employed biophysical experiments identify the function T4Ps morphogenesis. expresses not one but six types major pilin subunits are predicted compose T4Ps. Non-invasive imaging live using interferometric scattering (iSCAT) microscopy reveals piliation varies across mutants expressing single isoforms. necessary secure surfaces, adhesive strength correlates with their level piliation. flow, forms clonal extend three dimensions. Notably, expression PilA2, isoform, sufficient maintain levels piliation, attachment, indistinguishable from wild type. Furthermore, discovered fluid flow stabilizes integrity; as absence tend lose cohesion disperse density-dependent manner. Overall, our results demonstrate T4P-surface possibly T4P-T4P interactions promote integrity key factor regulating formation.

Language: Английский

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Vertical confinement enhances surface exploration in bacterial twitching motility

Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Bacteria are often found in environments where space is limited, and they attach themselves to surfaces. One common form of movement on these surfaces bacterial twitching motility, which powered by the extension retraction type IV pili. Although motility unrestricted conditions has been extensively studied, effects spatial confinement this behaviour not well understood. In study, we explored diffusive properties individual Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells spatially confined conditions. We achieved placing bacteria between layers agarose glass, then tracking long‐term cells. Interestingly, that while reduced immediate speed twitching, it paradoxically increased diffusion. Through a combination mechanical geometrical analysis, as numerical simulations, showed increase diffusion could be attributed factors. The constraint imposed altered pattern from normal superdiffusion. These findings provide valuable insights into motile environments.

Language: Английский

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Large pilin subunits provide distinct structural and mechanical properties for theMyxococcus xanthustype IV pilus

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 22, 2023

Summary Type IV pili (T4P) are ubiquitous bacterial cell surface filaments important for motility, adhesion to biotic and abiotic surfaces, DNA uptake, biofilm formation, virulence. T4P built from thousands of copies the major pilin subunit tipped by a complex composed minor pilins in some systems also PilY1 adhesin. While structurally characterized have lengths up 161 residues, PilA Myxococcus xanthus is unusually large with 208 residues. All highly conserved N-terminal domain variable C-terminal domain, additional residues M. due larger domain. We solved structure (T4P Mx ) at resolution 3.0 Å using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The follows structural blueprint observed other pilus core comprised extensively interacting α1-helices while globular domains decorate surface. atomic model into this map shows that has much more extensive intersubunit contacts than T4P. As expected these greater contacts, bending axial stiffness significantly higher supports T4P-dependent motility on surfaces different stiffnesses. Notably, variants interrupted interfaces had decreased strongly reduced all surfaces. These observations support an evolutionary scenario whereby enables formation rigid expands environmental conditions which system functions.

Language: Английский

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