Microbiota succession throughout life from the cradle to the grave

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(12), P. 707 - 720

Published: July 29, 2022

Language: Английский

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Comparing early life nutritional sources and human milk feeding practices: personalized and dynamic nutrition supports infant gut microbiome development and immune system maturation

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 13, 2023

Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months of life, but many infants receive pumped milk, formula, donor human or other nutritional sources during this critical period. Substantive evidence shows early nutrition influences development microbiome and immune system, affecting lifelong health. However, underlying mechanisms are unclear nuances milk feeding rarely considered. This review synthesizes from studies model systems to discuss impact different on co-development gut microbiome, antigen tolerance, immunity. We highlight two key mechanisms: epigenetics so-called "weaning reaction". Collectively, highlights i) fundamental role parents' own fed directly at breast, as a dynamic personalized source that drives developmental programming, ii) deficiencies alternative priority research areas improving these alternatives when direct not possible.

Language: Английский

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Human milk: From complex tailored nutrition to bioactive impact on child cognition and behavior

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 63(26), P. 7945 - 7982

Published: March 30, 2022

Human milk is a highly complex liquid food tailor-made to match an infant's needs. Beyond documented positive effects of breastfeeding on infant and maternal health, there increasing evidence that constituents also impact child neurodevelopment. Non-nutrient bioactives would contribute the (long-term) development cognition behavior, process termed 'Lactocrine Programming'. In this review we discuss current state field human composition its links with cognitive behavioral development. To promote state-of-the-art methodologies designs facilitate data pooling meta-analytic endeavors, present detailed recommendations best practices for future studies. Finally, determine important scientific gaps need be filled advance field, innovative directions research. Unveiling mechanisms underlying between behavior will deepen our understanding broad functions food, as well provide necessary information designing interventions.

Language: Английский

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Human Milk Bioactive Components and Child Growth and Body Composition in the First 2 Years: A Systematic Review

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 100127 - 100127

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Human milk (HM) contains macronutrients, micronutrients, and a multitude of other bioactive factors, which can have long-term impact on infant growth development. We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web Science to synthesize evidence published between 1980 2022 HM components anthropometry through 2 y age among term-born infants. From 9992 abstracts screened, 141 articles were included categorized based their reporting or components. Bioactives including hormones, oligosaccharides (HMOs), immunomodulatory are reported here, 75 from 69 unique studies observations 9980 dyads. Research designs, collection strategies, sampling times, geographic socioeconomic settings, practices, outcomes varied considerably. Meta-analyses not possible because data times inconsistent the included. Few measured intake, adjusted for confounders, precisely captured breastfeeding exclusivity, adequately described protocols. Only 5 (6%) had high overall quality scores. Hormones most extensively examined with 46 (n = 6773 dyads), compared 13 2640 dyads) HMOs 12 1422 Two conducted untargeted metabolomics. Leptin adiponectin demonstrated inverse associations growth, although several found no associations. No consistent individual outcomes. Among in HM, IL-6 relationships growth. Current research bioactives is largely inconclusive insufficient address complex composition HM. Future should ideally capture use biologically relevant anthropometrics, integrate across categories, embracing systems biology approach better understand how work independently synergistically influence

Language: Английский

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Evidence for human milk as a biological system and recommendations for study design—a report from “Breastmilk Ecology: Genesis of Infant Nutrition (BEGIN)” Working Group 4

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 117, P. S61 - S86

Published: May 1, 2023

Human milk contains all of the essential nutrients required by infant within a complex matrix that enhances bioavailability many those nutrients. In addition, human is source bioactive components, living cells and microbes facilitate transition to life outside womb. Our ability fully appreciate importance this relies on recognition short- long-term health benefits and, as highlighted in previous sections supplement, its ecology (i.e., interactions among lactating parent breastfed well context itself). Designing interpreting studies address complexity depends availability new tools technologies account for such complexity. Past efforts have often compared formula, which has provided some insight into bioactivity milk, whole, or individual components supplemented with formula. However, experimental approach cannot capture contributions ecology, interaction between these matrix, significance itself enhance outcomes interest. This paper presents approaches explore biological system functional implications components. Specifically, we discuss study design data collection considerations how emerging analytical technologies, bioinformatics, systems biology could be applied advance our understanding critical aspect biology.

Language: Английский

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Breastfeeding, Human Milk and Allergic Disease: Findings from the CHILD Cohort Study

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

first_page Download PDF settings Order Article Reprints Font Type: Arial Georgia Verdana Size: Aa Line Spacing:  Column Width:  Background: Open AccessAbstract Breastfeeding, Human Milk and Allergic Disease: Findings from the CHILD Cohort Study † by Meghan B. AzadMeghan Azad SciProfiles Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar 1,2 1 Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada 2 Department Pediatrics Child Health, University R3T 2N2, Presented at Australian Breastfeeding + Science Translation Conference (ABREAST 2024), Perth, Australia, 15 November 2024. Proceedings 2025, 112(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025112013 Published: 6 January 2025 keyboard_arrow_down with Cover XML Versions Notes Keywords: breastfeeding; human milk; allergic disease; asthma; food allergy; microbiome; immunity; substantially contributes to infant microbiome immune development, influencing lifelong health trajectories, including disease risk. However, nuances these relationships underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The (www.childstudy.ca) follows 3500 Canadian families pregnancy through adolescence understand developmental origins asthma, allergies, other chronic conditions. Within CHILD, feeding practices (e.g., exclusivity, duration, mode milk feeding) composition microbiota, oligosaccharides, nutrients, bioactive proteins) studied their contributions development health. findings show that breastfeeding shapes [1,2,3,4] serum biomarker profiles in first year life [5]. appears protect against childhood asthma a dose-dependent manner is strongest direct nursing (vs. pumped breastmilk) [6] partially mediated nasal gut microbiomes [7]. combination maternal peanut consumption time introduction during infancy associated lower risk sensitization 5 years age [8]. Using approaches interrogate as complex biological system (rather than discrete individual components) [9,10], phenotypes have been specific combinations oligosaccharides [11], polyunsaturated fatty acids [12], microbiota [13,14]. In conclusion, has identified practices, components, related may contribute or prevention phenotypes. Expansion this research could identify new therapeutic targets strategies. FundingM.B.A. holds Chair Early Nutrition Developmental Origins Health Disease fellow CIFAR Humans Microbiome Program. was established funding Institutes Allergy, Genes, Environment Network Centres Excellence. analysis samples data, for studies summarized here, funded variety sources, each listed cited publications.Institutional Review Board StatementCHILD protocols were approved Ethics Boards McMaster University, Sick Children, Universities Alberta, British Columbia.Informed Consent StatementInformed consent obtained all participating mothers enrollment.Data Availability data available registration database (https://childstudy.ca/childdb/) submission formal request.AcknowledgmentsWe thank (CHILD) participant dedication commitment advancing research.Conflicts InterestM.B.A. consulted DSM Nutritional Products, serves on scientific advisory board TinyHealth, received speaking honoraria Prolacta Biosciences. She contributed without remuneration online courses breast produced Courses. For funders had no role design study; collection, analyses, interpretation data; writing manuscript; decision publish results.ReferencesDai, D.L.Y.; Petersen, C.; Hoskinson, Del Bel, K.L.; Becker, A.B.; Moraes, T.J.; Mandhane, P.J.; Finlay, B.B.; Simons, E.; Kozyrskyj, A.L.; et al. enrichment longum subsp. infantis mitigates effect antibiotics Med 2023, 4, 92–112.e5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]Fehr, K.; Moossavi, S.; Sbihi, H.; Boutin, R.C.T.; Bode, L.; Robertson, B.; Yonemitsu, Field, C.J.; Breastmilk co-occurrence bacteria mothers' gut: Study. Cell Host Microbe 2020, 28, 285–297.e4. [CrossRef] [PubMed]Forbes, J.D.; Azad, M.B.; Vehling, Tun, H.M.; Konya, T.B.; Guttman, D.S.; Lefebvre, D.; Sears, M.R.; Association exposure formula hospital subsequent overweight life. JAMA Pediatr. 2018, 172, e181161. [PubMed]Azad, T.; Maughan, Chari, R.S.; Scott, J.A.; Gut healthy infants: Profiles delivery diet 4 months. CMAJ 2013, 185, 385–394. [PubMed]Ames, S.R.; Lotoski, L.C.; Rodriguez, Brodin, P.; Turvey, S.E.; Subbarao, M.B. one-year-old infants birth cohort study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 121, 60–73. [PubMed]Klopp, A.; D.L.; Investigators; Modes asthma: A prospective 2017, 190, 192–199.e2. [PubMed]Shenhav, Fehr, Reyna, M.E.; Dai, R.; Breton, V.; Rossi, Smieja, M.; Microbial colonization programs structured guide respiratory development. 2024, 187, 5431–5452.e20. [CrossRef]Azad, Dharma, Tran, Marshall, J.; Reduced early while breastfeeding. Dev. Orig. Dis. 2021, 12, 811–818. [CrossRef]Shenhav, community ecology theory computational methods study system. mSystems. 2022, 7, e01132-21. [PubMed]Becker, Goguen, Miliku, Multimodal machine learning modeling head circumference, composition, shared environment. Sci. Rep. 14, 2977. [PubMed]Miliku, Sharma, A.K.; oligosaccharide among Allergy 73, 2070–2073. Richelle, Stuart, T.E.; Sex-specific associations long-chain Immunol. 32, 1173–1182. [PubMed]Fang, Z.Y.; Stickley, S.A.; Ambalavanan, Zhang, Y.; Zacharias, A.M.; Networks host genomics, sensitization. 1838–1852.e5. [PubMed]Ambalavanan, Chang, Choi, Fang, genetics milk-fed children. Nat. Commun. 15, 7735. [PubMed]Disclaimer/Publisher's Note: statements, opinions contained publications solely those author(s) contributor(s) MDPI and/or editor(s). editor(s) disclaim responsibility any injury people property resulting ideas, methods, instructions products referred content. © author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article an open access distributed under terms conditions Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Share Cite ACS Style 112, 13. AMA MB. Proceedings. 2025; 112(1):13. Chicago/Turabian 2025. "Breastfeeding, Study" no. 1: APA M. (2025). Proceedings, Metrics No Access Statistics Multiple requests same IP address counted one view.

Language: Английский

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Protocol: the International Milk Composition (IMiC) Consortium - a Harmonized Secondary Analysis of Human Milk from 4 Studies

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Multimodal machine learning for modeling infant head circumference, mothers’ milk composition, and their shared environment

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Links between human milk (HM) and infant development are poorly understood often focus on individual HM components. Here we apply multi-modal predictive machine learning to study head circumference (a proxy for brain development) among 1022 mother-infant dyads of the CHILD Cohort. We integrated data (19 oligosaccharides, 28 fatty acids, 3 hormones, chemokines) with maternal demographic, health, dietary home environment data. Head was significantly predictable at 12 months. Two most associated features were n3-polyunsaturated acid C22:6n3 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA; p = 9.6e-05) intake fish (p 4.1e-03), a key source DHA established relationships function. Thus, using systems biology approach, identified meaningful development, which validates our statistical gives credence novel associations observed, sets foundation further research additional cohorts analytes.

Language: Английский

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Human milk composition and infant anthropometrics: overview of a systematic review with clinical and research implications

International Breastfeeding Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: June 28, 2024

Abstract Background Despite global public health organizations endorsing breastfeeding or human milk (HM) as the optimal source of nutrition for infants, detailed knowledge how HM composition influences infant growth is lacking. In this commentary we summarize and interpret key findings a large systematic review on components child (N = 141 articles included). We highlight most consistent associations, discuss study quality issues, explore socio-economic time trends in body research, identify gaps future research directions. Key Findings Systematic Review grouped into three categories: micronutrients (28 articles), macronutrients (57 bioactives (75 articles). Overall, struggled to find associations between growth. The majority studies (85%) were moderate low-quality, with inconsistent collection analysis strategies being identified substantial concerns. Additional issues included failing account potential confounding by factors such exclusivity maternal mass index. Considerations Future Human Milk Research Many opportunities exist research. Using untargeted metabolomics will expand our understanding beyond previously defined well-understood components. Machine learning allow researchers investigate an integrated system, rather than individual should incorporate evidence-based sampling encompass circadian variation well consumption. Additionally, need focus developing high data using metrics definitions. Building multidisciplinary teams help ensure that outcomes are meaningful clinically relevant. Conclusion literature, there limited evidence relationship engage more accurate data, use standardized employ assays validated HM. By systematically evaluating existing literature identifying methods practice, hope inspire reporting guidelines support robust examining relationships

Language: Английский

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Summary of the Joint National Institutes of Health and the Food and Drug Administration Workshop Titled “Exploring the Science Surrounding the Safe Use of Bioactive Ingredients in Infant Formula: Considerations for an Assessment Framework”

The Journal of Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 255, P. 30 - 41.e1

Published: Dec. 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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