Thinking beyond Vaccination: Promising Add-On Strategies to Active Immunization and Vaccination in Pandemics - a Mini-Review DOI Open Access

Franz Tatzber,

Willibald Wonisch, Ulrike Resch

et al.

Published: May 17, 2023

There is little doubt that final victories over pandemics, such as COVID-19, are attributed to herd immunity, either through post-disease convalescence or active immunization of a high percentage the world's population with vaccines, demonstrating protection from infection and transmission, being available in large quantities at reasonable prices. However, it assumable humans immune defects suppression, e.g., consequence allograft transplantation, cannot be immunized actively nor produce sufficient responses prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections. These subjects desperately need other strategies, sophisticated measures immunization. Hypertonic salt solutions attack vulnerable core areas viruses, i.e., denatures surface proteins thus prohibits virus penetration somatic cells. It has ensured not affected by denaturation regarding this unspecific protection. Impregnating filtering facepieces hypertonic straightforward way inactivate viruses potential pathogens. As result contact crystals on facepiece, these pathogens become denatured inactivated almost quantitatively. Such strategy could easily applied fight against COVID-19 pandemic ones may occur future. Another possible tool passive antibodies SARS-CoV-2, preferably human origin. can harvested patients´ sera, which have successfully survived their infection. The disadvantage rapid decrease immunoglobulin titer after ends overcome immortalizing antibody-producing B-cells via fusion with, mouse myeloma resulting monoclonal then origin in, least theoretically, unlimited amounts. Finally, dry blood spots valuable for surveilling population´s immunity.

Language: Английский

Quantitating SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies from human dried blood spots DOI Creative Commons

Katherine Berman,

Greta Van Slyke,

Hayley Novak

et al.

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

ABSTRACT In the earliest days of COVID-19 pandemic, collection dried blood spots (DBS) enabled public health laboratories to undertake population-scale seroprevalence studies used estimate rates SARS-CoV-2 exposure. With seropositivity levels now estimated exceed 94% in United States, attention has turned using DBS assess neutralizing antibodies within cohorts interest. this goal mind, we generated contrived (cDBS) and whole blood-derived from convalescent vaccinated individuals subjected eluates a battery assays, including multiplexed microsphere immunoassay (MIA), receptor binding domain (RBD)-human ACE2 inhibition assay (iACE2), cell-based pseudovirus neutralization assay, real-time PCR-based surrogate (NAB-Sure). The results were benchmarked against paired serum samples tested clinically validated plaque reduction titer (PRNT) assay. an 8-plex MIA NAB-Sure assays demonstrated highly significant correlations with PRNT values when evaluated panel 86 serum–DBS samples. Both are adaptable automated liquid handlers for high-throughput capacity. While limited ancestral WA1, study nonetheless represents important proof concept demonstrating potential utility as biospecimen type use assessing immunity at community population levels. IMPORTANCE variants concern continue circulate globally remain serious threat large segments population. From standpoint, identifying vulnerable communities based on immune status is critical terms vaccine booster recommendations. report, investigated which antibody titers. Using DBS, demonstrate that readily measurable correlate Moreover, several methods platforms.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Unlocking the Potential of Dried Blood Spot Sampling for SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Detection: A Pathway to Efficient Pandemic Surveillance DOI Creative Commons

Ahmad M Alharbi

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 111(1), P. 116581 - 116581

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has exerted unprecedented pressure on global healthcare systems, with an urgent demand for widespread testing to monitor virus spread and contribute disease control.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Elevated binding and functional antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in infants versus mothers DOI Creative Commons
Caitlin I. Stoddard, Kevin Sung, Zak A. Yaffe

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Infant antibody responses to viral infection can differ from those in adults. However, data on the specificity and function of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies infants, direct comparisons between infants adults are limited. We characterized binding functionality convalescent plasma postpartum women their infected with SARS-CoV-2 a vaccine-naïve prospective cohort Nairobi, Kenya. Antibody titers against Spike, receptor domain N-terminal domain, Spike-expressing cell-surface staining levels were significantly higher than mothers. Plasma mothers bound similar regions Spike S2 subunit, including fusion peptide (FP) stem helix-heptad repeat 2. displayed more consistent escape pathways FP region compared Finally, had antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), though, surprisingly, neutralization similar. These results suggest develop distinct functional repertoires reveal age-related differences humoral immunity that could be relevant protection COVID-19 disease outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Thinking beyond Vaccination: Promising Add-On Strategies to Active Immunization and Vaccination in Pandemics - a Mini-Review DOI Open Access

Franz Tatzber,

Willibald Wonisch, Ulrike Resch

et al.

Published: May 10, 2023

There is little doubt that final victories over pandemics, such as COVID-19, are attributed to herd immunity, either through post-disease convalescence or active immunization of a high percentage the world's population with vaccines, demonstrating protection from infection and transmission, being available in large quantities at reasonable prices. However, it assumable humans immune defects suppression, e.g., consequence allograft transplantation, cannot be immunized actively nor produce sufficient responses prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections. These subjects desperately need other strategies, sophisticated measures immunization. Hypertonic salt solutions attack vulnerable core areas viruses, i.e., denatures surface proteins thus prohibits virus penetration somatic cells. It has ensured not affected by denaturation regarding this unspecific protection. Impregnating filtering facepieces hypertonic straightforward way inactivate viruses potential pathogens. As result contact crystals on facepiece, these pathogens become denatured inactivated almost quantitatively. Such strategy could easily applied fight against COVID-19 pandemic ones may occur future. Another possible tool passive antibodies SARS-CoV-2, preferably human origin. can harvested patients´ sera, which have successfully survived their infection. The disadvantage rapid decrease immunoglobulin titer after ends overcome immortalizing antibody-producing B-cells via fusion with, mouse myeloma resulting monoclonal then origin in, least theoretically, unlimited amounts. Finally, dry blood spots valuable for surveilling population´s immunity.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Thinking beyond Vaccination: Promising Add-On Strategies to Active Immunization and Vaccination in Pandemics - a Mini-Review DOI Open Access

Franz Tatzber,

Willibald Wonisch, Ulrike Resch

et al.

Published: May 17, 2023

There is little doubt that final victories over pandemics, such as COVID-19, are attributed to herd immunity, either through post-disease convalescence or active immunization of a high percentage the world's population with vaccines, demonstrating protection from infection and transmission, being available in large quantities at reasonable prices. However, it assumable humans immune defects suppression, e.g., consequence allograft transplantation, cannot be immunized actively nor produce sufficient responses prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections. These subjects desperately need other strategies, sophisticated measures immunization. Hypertonic salt solutions attack vulnerable core areas viruses, i.e., denatures surface proteins thus prohibits virus penetration somatic cells. It has ensured not affected by denaturation regarding this unspecific protection. Impregnating filtering facepieces hypertonic straightforward way inactivate viruses potential pathogens. As result contact crystals on facepiece, these pathogens become denatured inactivated almost quantitatively. Such strategy could easily applied fight against COVID-19 pandemic ones may occur future. Another possible tool passive antibodies SARS-CoV-2, preferably human origin. can harvested patients´ sera, which have successfully survived their infection. The disadvantage rapid decrease immunoglobulin titer after ends overcome immortalizing antibody-producing B-cells via fusion with, mouse myeloma resulting monoclonal then origin in, least theoretically, unlimited amounts. Finally, dry blood spots valuable for surveilling population´s immunity.

Language: Английский

Citations

0