Prevalence of drug resistance mutations in low-level viremia patients under antiretroviral therapy in Southwestern China: a cross-sectional study

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) in patients with low-level viremia (LLV) Southwestern China, as it has become a growing challenge AIDS clinical practice. cross-sectional was performed Yunnan Province, China. LLV defined 50-999 copies/mL plasma viral load antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least 6 months. HIV-1 DRM detection used validated in-house protocol. A total 470 sequences were obtained, 13 genotypes identified, among which CRF08_BC (47.5%), CRF07_BC (22.3%) CRF01_AE (10.0%) subtypes most prevalent. The overall DRMs 45.7% (215/470), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), nucleoside (NRTIs) protease (PIs) 39.4% (185/470), 20.6% (97/470) 5.3% (25/470), respectively. common NNRTI-associated K103N (16.0%), E138A (6.6%), V179D (6.6%) P225H (4.9%), those NRTIs M184V (17.0%), D67N (3.4%) K65R (3.0%). PI-associated infrequent, occurring less than 1.8% cases. (K101E Y188C) found be statistically significant various groups. Additionally, variations observed (V106I, V106M, P225H), NRTI-associated mutation (K65R) (L33F Q58E) across different subtypes. ART-experienced high, exhibited diversity Province. These findings indicate that regular monitoring during episodes essential effective treatment management this region.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence of HIV-related stigma manifestations and their contributing factors among people living with HIV in Sweden – a nationwide study

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: May 20, 2024

Abstract Background With access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) HIV infection is a chronic manageable condition and non-sexually transmissible. Yet, many people living with still testify about experiencing HIV-related stigma discrimination. It well-documented that discrimination continue be critical barriers prevention, treatment, care quality of life. From an individual stigma-reduction intervention perspective, it essential identify interpersonal factors associated manifestations. To address this issue expand the literature, aim study was assess prevalence manifestations their among diverse sample in Sweden. Method Data from 1 096 participants were derived nationally representative, anonymous cross-sectional survey ”Living Sweden”. assessed using validated Swedish 12-item Stigma Scale encompassing four manifestations: personalised stigma, concerns public attitudes towards HIV, sharing status, internalized stigma. Variables potentially divided into categories: demographic characteristics, clinical factors, distress ART adherence, available emotional support. Four multivariable hierarchical linear regression analyses employed explore associations between multiple contributors Results The most dominating feature anticipation manifested high scores on status reported by 78% 54% participants. High around one third respectively. Between 23 31% variance explained mainly same pattern including female gender, shorter time since diagnosis, feelings hopelessness, non-sharing lack Conclusion Female support constituted potential vulnerability Our findings highlight vital necessity increase resilience its different forms. Exploring may give indication what circumstances risk burden amenable targeted interventions. As stigma-reductions interventions cannot performed isolated society, key challenge intensify anti-stigma also societal level.

Language: Английский

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Cohort Profile: A European Multidisciplinary Network for the Fight against HIV Drug Resistance (EuResist Network)

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(5), P. 243 - 243

Published: April 23, 2023

The EuResist cohort was established in 2006 with the purpose of developing a clinical decision-support tool predicting most effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) for persons living HIV (PLWH), based on their and virological data. Further to continuous extensive data collection from several European countries, later widened its activity more general area treatment resistance focus virus evolution. has retrospectively enrolled PLWH, both treatment-naïve treatment-experienced, under follow-up 1998, nine national cohorts across Europe beyond, this article is an overview achievement. A clinically oriented treatment-response prediction system released made available online 2008. Clinical have been collected than one hundred thousand allowing number studies response treatment, selection spread resistance-associated mutations circulation viral subtypes. Drawing interdisciplinary vocation, will continue investigate against monitor development drug settings, along novel drugs introduction new strategies. support artificial intelligence these activities essential.

Language: Английский

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Microbial infections as potential risk factors for lung cancer: Investigating the role of human papillomavirus and chlamydia pneumoniae

AIMS Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 627 - 646

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Lung cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Apart from tobacco smoke dietary factors, microbial infections have been reported as third cancers globally. Deciphering association between microbiome lung will provide potential biomarkers novel insight in progression. In this current study, we performed a meta-analysis to decipher possible C. pneumoniae human papillomavirus (HPV) risk cancer.Literature search was conducted most English Chinese databases. Data were analyzed using CMA v.3.0 RevMan v.5.3 software (Cochrane-Mantel-Haenszel method) by random-effects (DerSimonian Laird) model.The overall pooled estimates for HPV studies revealed that patients with significantly higher than those control group (OR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.57-3.37, p < 0.001). Base on subgroup analysis, infection rate Asians 6.38, 2.33-17.46, 0.001), tissues 5.04, 2.27-11.19, 0.001) blood samples 1.40, 1.02-1.93, 0.04) but non-significantly lower males 0.84, 0.57-1.22, =0.35) among at clinical stage I-II 0.95, 0.61-1.49, 0.82). The factor who are IgA seropositive 1.88, 1.30-2.70, IgG 1.50, 1.10-2.04, 0.010). All seronegative 0.69, 0.42-1.16, 0.16) 0.66, 0.42-105, 0.08) titers not associative factors cancer.Immunoglobulin (IgA) lungs infected types 16 18 associated cancer.

Language: Английский

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Factors associated with sex differences in viral non‐suppression in the Swedish InfCareHIV cohort: An observational real‐world study

HIV Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 540 - 553

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Abstract Objectives Women living with HIV are underrepresented in clinical trials assessing outcomes of antiretroviral treatment (ART), justifying the need for observational studies. We investigated differences viral non‐suppression between women and men Swedish InfCareHIV cohort analysed results relation to biological socio‐demographic variables patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs). Methods The study included people (PLWH) aged ≥18 years, who initiated ART at least 6 months prior inclusion. Data from registry 2011–2018 were collected. Associations RNA ≥50 copies/mL uni‐ multivariable analyses using generalized estimating equations, providing relative risks (RRs) as effect size. Results 38% ( n = 2981) women. more likely have than [RR 1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–1.31]. After adjusting origin route transmission, sex birth was no longer associated non‐suppression. PROMs available 52.4% PLWH, items impaired adherence (RR 2.38, CI: 1.79–3.17) 1.84, 1.40–2.42), experience side effects 1.49, 1.10–2.02). Conclusions This found a 20% higher risk difference factors. associations varied men. important health that may identify PLWH support achieve

Language: Английский

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Sweden surpasses the UNAIDS 95-95-95 target: estimating HIV-1 incidence, 2003 to 2022

Eurosurveillance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(42)

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Background Sweden reached the UNAIDS 90–90–90 target in 2015. It is important to reassess HIV epidemiological situation due ever-changing migration patterns, roll-out of PrEP and impact COVID-19 pandemic. Aim We aimed assess progress towards 95–95–95 targets by estimating proportion undiagnosed people with (PWHIV) incidence trends. Methods used routine laboratory data inform a biomarker model time since infection. When available, we previous negative test dates, arrival dates for PWHIV from abroad transmission modes our model. also collected Swedish InfCareHIV register on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Results The yearly decreased after 2014. In part, this was because fraction had almost twofold 2006. After 2015, three four were diagnosed within 1.9 3.2 years infection among men who have sex heterosexual groups, respectively. While 80% new acquired before immigration, they make up 50% current Sweden. By 2022, 96% all been diagnosed, 99% them ART, 98% virally suppressed. Conclusions about half abroad. Using model, that has goal at 96–99–98.

Language: Английский

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Patient reported experiences in older adults living with HIV – a scoping review

AIDS Care, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. 1 - 11

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Effective antiretroviral therapy has extended the life expectancy of people living with HIV and in Western countries, 50% individuals countries now aged 50 or older. The aim was to review empirical research on adults who are 60 years older their experiences healthcare needs. A scoping a systematic literature search Cinahl, Psycinfo PubMed performed February March 2022. total 4757 references, published 2012-2022, were screened 20 studies included. findings indicate that needs vary depending whether they younger eldest part cohort. Overall, group lives multiple chronic conditions, is at higher risk cognitive limitations reports more loneliness than no HIV. Limited qualitative available. Thus, future should describe subjective understand psychosocial aspects impact successful ageing. This knowledge can inform interventions services support well-being HIV, not only but globally as ageing population continues grow.

Language: Английский

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The molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in Sweden 1996 to 2022, and the influence of migration from Ukraine

Eurosurveillance, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(48)

Published: Nov. 30, 2023

Background The global distribution of HIV-1 subtypes is evolving, which reflected in the Swedish HIV cohort. subtype HIV-1A6, may be prone to developing resistance cabotegravir, most common Ukraine. Aim We aimed examine trends Sweden, with a special focus on and describe virology, demography treatment Ukrainian people living (PLWH) who migrated Sweden 2022. Methods Data about PLWH are included national database (InfCareHIV). used online tool COMET establish Stanford define drug mutations. investigated relation between virological characteristics demographic data. Results early epidemic was predominated by B infections born Sweden. After 1990, majority new were migrating resulting an increasingly diverse epidemic. In 2022, HIV-1A6 had become sixth 98 431 that registered came from detected RNA plasma 32 patients (34%), whom 17 previously undiagnosed, 10 interrupted therapy five diagnosed but not treated. found 23 24 sequenced patients. Conclusion molecular epidemiology continues diversify unaware their status predominance should considered when arranging care directed at

Language: Английский

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Difficult-to-treat HIV in Sweden: a cross-sectional study

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 18, 2024

Abstract Background Our aim was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of difficult-to-treat HIV in current Swedish cohort compare treatment outcomes between people with difficult non-difficult-to-treat HIV. Methods In this cross-sectional analysis cohort, we identified all currently active care 2023 from national register InfCareHIV. We defined five categories HIV: 1) advanced resistance, 2) four-drug regimen, 3) salvage therapy, 4) virologic failure within past 12 months, 5) ≥ 2 regimen switches following since 2008. People classified as having were compared non-difficult for background well (viral suppression self-reported physical psychological health). Results Nine percent ( n = 8531) met at least one criterion Most them had (6%), other rare (1–2% entire cohort). Compared non-difficult, older, an earlier first year positive test lower CD4 counts, more often female. The viral rate among 84% 95% p 0.001). reported worse (but not psychological) health, remained statistically significant after adjustment age, sex, transmission group. Conclusions Although 9% Sweden HIV, a large proportion these virally suppressed, challenges such resistance need therapy are cohort.

Language: Английский

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Lower Incidence of HCC and Other Major Adverse Liver Outcomes in People Living With HIV and Chronic Liver Disease

Gastro Hep Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(6), P. 783 - 792

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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