Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions in Global Immunization Strategies

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 1293 - 1293

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a widespread viral pathogen, responsible for significant burden of cervical and other cancers worldwide. Over the past decades, development adoption prophylactic HPV vaccines have dramatically reduced incidence HPV-related diseases. However, despite efficacy these vaccines, global immunization efforts still face several obstacles, including low vaccination coverage in low- middle-income countries, vaccine hesitancy, disparities access to healthcare. This review aims provide comprehensive overview current state their mechanisms action, safety profiles, real-world efficacy. We will explore impact on cancer prevention, examine challenges related distribution uptake, assess role public health policies improving rates. Additionally, highlight latest advancements therapeutic ongoing research into next-generation potential strategies context personalized medicine. By examining factors, we aim insights future directions its health.

Language: Английский

---

Mycoplasma bovis : A review of vaccination and diagnostic initiatives

CABI Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

Abstract Mycoplasma bovis infections in cattle constitute a worldwide problem with significant detrimental economic impacts on industry. Mastitis, pneumonia, arthritis, keratoconjunctivitis, otitis media and genital disorders are its clinical manifestations. Presently, no vaccines commercially available; antimicrobial resistance is increasing; diagnostic sensitivity testing needs to be improved; new rapid diagnosis kits eminent for implementation of treatment antimicrobials. We conducted systematic search databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, Google Scholar, AGRIS African Journals Online (AJOL), from 1995 2024. Searched keywords, as, bovis, M : vaccine development, techniques strain variability using the predefined criteria were used address review objectives. Although they have preventative function, – killed, live attenuated, subunit types face difficulties because M. strains vary widely. Every approach has own set benefits drawbacks, those that been studies include conventional culture identification, serological testing, immunohistochemical demonstration tissues, sophisticated molecular like PCR, qPCR, next-generation sequencing. For early detection, successful treatment, vaccination efficacy monitoring, accurate crucial. Future directions managing -associated diseases improving accessibility creating broad-spectrum vaccinations. By incorporating these developments, it may possible enhance health cattle, promote sustainability livestock production, increase food security. This points urgent need further research innovation advancement support

Language: Английский

---

The genetic, biophysical and immunological studies of a self-adjuvanted protein nanoparticle

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 56, P. 127087 - 127087

Published: April 21, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Opportunities and Challenges for Nanomaterials as Vaccine Adjuvants

Small Methods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 25, 2025

Abstract Adjuvants, as a critical component of vaccines, are capable eliciting more robust and sustained immune responses. Nanomaterials have shown unique advantages broad application prospects in adjuvant development due to their high adjustability distinctive physicochemical properties. This review focuses on nanoadjuvants immunological mechanisms. First, various types adjuvants introduced with an emphasis metal oxide nanoparticles, coordination polymers, liposomes, polymer other inorganic nanoparticles that can serve vaccine adjuvants. Second, this describes the current status clinical applications nanoadjuvants. Next, mechanisms action for been thoroughly elucidated, including depot effect, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, targeting C‐type lectin receptors, activation toll‐like cGAS‐STING signaling pathway. Finally, challenges opportunities associated also addressed.

Language: Английский

---

Anti‐Cytokine Active Immunotherapy Based on Supramolecular Peptides for Alleviating IL‐1β‐Mediated Inflammation

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Abstract IL‐1β is a principal proinflammatory cytokine underlying multiple local and systemic chronic inflammatory conditions including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, bowel disease, type 2 diabetes. Passive immunotherapies biologic drugs targeting IL‐1β, while offering significant clinical benefit, nevertheless have limitations such as non‐response rates, induction of anti‐drug antibodies, high costs. Here, an active immunotherapy raising antibody responses against employing self‐assembling peptide nanofibers described. The contain defined quantities B‐cell epitopes from exogenous T helper employ the Q11 platform. Without adjuvant, raised durable anti‐IL‐1β that inhibit activity in vitro vivo. In mouse model imiquimod‐induced prophylactic immunizations with diminished symptoms epidermal thickening. This therapeutic effect associated biasing immune response toward anti‐inflammatory IgG1/Th2 phenotype lowered expression genes skin. Further, induced immunosuppressive CD62L+ Treg cells. technology represents potential alternative for passive other biologics treating conditions.

Language: Английский

---

DNA tetrahedron nanoparticles service as a help carrier and adjvant of mRNA vaccine

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

To investigate the potential of DNA nanoparticles (DNPs) as carriers and adjuvants for mRNA vaccines. Customized oligonucleotides were assembled into tetrahedra (DNA-TH), which subsequently complexed with streptavidin encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP). Various assays conducted to evaluat stability DNPs, their cellular uptake, immune activation potential, GFP transcription efficiency. P53-mutant HSC-3 cells used establish a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model explore effects DNPs in disease model. The remained stable extracellularly rapidly taken up by antigen-presenting cells. Compared naked mRNA, statistically significantly activated responses facilitated expression both vitro vivo. Immunization DNP-GFP complexes induced higher antibody titers compared mRNA. demonstrated good biocompatibility. DNP-p53 inhibited growth tumors mice p53-mutant cells, outperforming p53 blank control groups, significant difference (P < 0.05). show promise improving vaccine delivery efficacy. Further optimization these could lead highly effective broad applications.

Language: Английский

---

Polyethyleneimine-modified Laminarin nanoparticles as a novel vaccine adjuvant for ovalbumin to enhance the immune responses

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 139157 - 139157

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---