Low-intensity electromagnetic fields induce human cryptochrome to modulate intracellular reactive oxygen species

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. e2006229 - e2006229

Published: Oct. 2, 2018

Exposure to man-made electromagnetic fields (EMFs), which increasingly pollute our environment, have consequences for human health about there is continuing ignorance and debate. Whereas considerable ongoing concern their harmful effects, magnetic are at the same time being applied as therapeutic tools in regenerative medicine, oncology, orthopedics, neurology. This paradox cannot be resolved until cellular mechanisms underlying such effects identified. Here, we show by biochemical imaging experiments that exposure of mammalian cells weak pulsed (PEMFs) stimulates rapid accumulation reactive oxygen species (ROS), a potentially toxic metabolite with multiple roles stress response ageing. Following PEMF, cell growth slowed, ROS-responsive genes induced. These require presence cryptochrome, putative magnetosensor synthesizes ROS. We conclude modulation intracellular ROS via cryptochromes represents general EMFs, can account either or pathological depending on exposure. Clinically, findings provide rationale optimize low field stimulation novel applications while warning against possibility synergistic environmental agents further increase

Language: Английский

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Vertebrate Cryptochromes are Vestigial Flavoproteins

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: March 20, 2017

All cryptochromes are currently classified as flavoproteins. In animals their best-described role is components of the circadian clock. This function variable, and can be either light-dependent or -independent; molecular origin this difference unknown. Type I animal photoreceptors that entrain an organism's clock to its environment, whereas II (including mammals) regulate timing in a light-independent manner. Here, we reveal that, contrast I, lack structural features securely bind photoactive flavin cofactor. We provide basis for distinct roles different cryptochromes, which also has significant implications putative photomagnetoreception.

Language: Английский

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Millitesla magnetic field effects on the photocycle of an animal cryptochrome

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Feb. 8, 2017

Abstract Drosophila have been used as model organisms to explore both the biophysical mechanisms of animal magnetoreception and possibility that weak, low-frequency anthropogenic electromagnetic fields may biological consequences. In cases, presumed receptor is cryptochrome, a protein thought be responsible for magnetic compass sensing in migratory birds variety behavioural responses insects. Here, we demonstrate photo-induced electron transfer reactions melanogaster cryptochrome are indeed influenced by few millitesla. The form containing flavin tryptophan radicals shows kinetics differ markedly from those closely related members cryptochrome–photolyase family. These differences sensitivity interpreted terms radical pair mechanism photocycle involving recently discovered fourth donor.

Language: Английский

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The biophysical, molecular, and anatomical landscape of pigeon CRY4: A candidate light-based quantal magnetosensor

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(33)

Published: Aug. 12, 2020

clCRY4 has the biophysical and molecular attributes necessary to function as a light-dependent magnetosensor.

Language: Английский

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Cryptochrome 1 mediates light-dependent inclination magnetosensing in monarch butterflies

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2021

Abstract Many animals use the Earth’s geomagnetic field for orientation and navigation. Yet, molecular cellular underpinnings of magnetic sense remain largely unknown. A biophysical model proposed that magnetoreception can be achieved through quantum effects magnetically-sensitive radical pairs formed by photoexcitation cryptochrome (CRY) proteins. Studies in Drosophila are only ones to date have provided compelling evidence ultraviolet (UV)-A/blue light-sensitive type 1 CRY (CRY1) involvement animal magnetoreception, surprisingly extended this discovery light-insensitive mammalian-like 2 CRYs (CRY2s) both monarchs humans. Here, we show respond a reversal inclination an UV-A/blue light CRY1, but not CRY2, dependent manner. We further demonstrate antennae eyes, which express magnetosensory organs. Our work argues function light-dependent inclination-based sensing.

Language: Английский

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