Safeguarding pollinators and their values to human well-being

Nature, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 540(7632), P. 220 - 229

Published: Nov. 28, 2016

Language: Английский

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New frontiers in agriculture productivity: Optimised microbial inoculants and in situ microbiome engineering

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 37(6), P. 107371 - 107371

Published: March 16, 2019

Language: Английский

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The community ecology of invasive species: where are we and what's next?

Ecography, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 40(2), P. 335 - 352

Published: Oct. 26, 2016

Alien species are continually introduced in most regions of the world, but not all survive and coexist with resident native species. Approaches analyzing functional (or phylogenetic) similarity between invasive communities increasingly employed to infer processes underlying successful invasions predict future invaders. The relatively simple conceptual foundations have made these approaches very appealing therefore widely used, often leading confusion hampering generalizations. We undertook a comprehensive review synthesis approach invasion community ecology clarify its advantages limitations, summarize what has been learned thus far, suggest avenues for improvement. first present methodological state art provide general guidelines. Second, by organizing published literature around seven key questions we found cumulative evidence that: at large spatial scales phylogenetic relatedness is good predictor success, poor impacts; fine scales, resistance tends increase diversity invaders, consistent patterns emerging from biotic interactions. In general, filtering invaders appear vary across species’ stage along environmental gradients. Nonetheless, conflicting differences assembly species, invader's adventive ranges. Finally, propose four important overcoming some identified limitations approach, particular integrating observational experimental analyses explicitly considering demographic rates complex Although bears intrinsic it still offers many opportunities scales.

Language: Английский

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The Ecology and Evolution of Alien Plants

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 49(1), P. 25 - 47

Published: June 6, 2018

We review the state of art alien plant research with emphasis on conceptual advances and knowledge gains general patterns drivers, biotic interactions, evolution. Major include identification different invasion stages invasiveness dimensions (geographic range, habitat specificity, local abundance) appropriate comparators while accounting for propagule pressure year introduction. Developments in phylogenetic functional trait bear great promise better understanding underlying mechanisms. Global are emerging pressure, disturbance, increased resource availability, climate matching as major but species characteristics also play a role. Biotic interactions resident communities shape outcomes, roles diversity, enemies, novel weapons, mutualists. Mounting evidence has been found rapid evolution invasive aliens evolutionary responses natives, mechanistic requires tighter integration molecular phenotypic approaches. hope open questions identified this will stimulate further ecology plants.

Language: Английский

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The emerging science of linked plant–fungal invasions

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 215(4), P. 1314 - 1332

Published: June 26, 2017

Summary Invasions of alien plants are typically studied as invasions individual species, yet interactions between and symbiotic fungi (mutualists potential pathogens) affect plant survival, physiological traits, reproduction hence invasion success. Studies show that plant–fungal associations frequently key drivers success impact, but clear conceptual frameworks integration across studies needed to move beyond a series case towards more predictive understanding. Here, we consider linked from the perspective fungal origin, simplified least complex representations or ‘motifs’. By characterizing these interaction motifs, parallels in processes pathogen mutualist become clear, although outcomes often opposite effect. These motifs provide hypotheses for fungal‐driven dynamics behind observed trajectories. In some situations, effects inconsistent negligible. Variability when where different matter may be driven by specificity interaction, size effect symbiosis (negative positive) on dependence (obligate facultative) plant−fungal interaction. Linked can transform communities ecosystem function, with persistent legacies preventing restoration. Contents 1314 I. Introduction 1315 II. Simplification networks into 1316 III. Plant–fungal 1322 IV. Predicting matter: plant−symbiont specificity, 1323 V. Spatial context 1325 VI. Impacts 1326 VII. Management implications VIII. Conclusions 1327 Acknowledgements 1328 References

Language: Английский

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Massively Introduced Managed Species and Their Consequences for Plant–Pollinator Interactions

Advances in ecological research/Advances in Ecological Research, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 147 - 199

Published: Jan. 1, 2017

Language: Английский

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Black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) strengthen the metabolic function of food waste biodegradation by gut microbiome

Microbial Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 528 - 543

Published: March 18, 2019

Vermicomposting using black soldier fly (BSF) larvae (Hermetia illucens) has gradually become a promising biotechnology for waste management, but knowledge about the gut microbiome is sparse. In this study, 16S rRNA sequencing, SourceTracker, and network analysis were leveraged to decipher influence of on food (FW) biodegradation. The microbial community structure BSF vermicompost (BC) changed greatly after inoculation, with peak colonization traceable bacteria 66.0%. relative abundance 11 out 21 metabolic function groups in BC significantly higher than that natural composting (NC), such as carbohydrate-active enzymes. addition, 36.5% functional genes those NC. changes functions correlated succession. Moreover, proliferated vermicompost, including Corynebacterium, Vagococcus, Providencia, had strong abilities. Systematic complex interactions between occurred over time through invasion, altered structure, thus evolved into new intermediate niche favourable FW study highlights an engine bioconversion, which conducive bioproducts regeneration from wastes.

Language: Английский

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Four priority areas to advance invasion science in the face of rapid environmental change

Environmental Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 119 - 141

Published: Dec. 7, 2020

Unprecedented rates of introduction and spread non-native species pose burgeoning challenges to biodiversity, natural resource management, regional economies, human health. Current biosecurity efforts are failing keep pace with globalization, revealing critical gaps in our understanding response invasions. Here, we identify four priority areas advance invasion science the face rapid global environmental change. First, should strive develop a more comprehensive framework for predicting how behavior, abundance, interspecific interactions vary relation conditions receiving environments these factors govern ecological impacts invasion. A second is understand potential synergistic effects multiple co-occurring stressors— particularly involving climate change—on establishment impact species. Climate adaptation mitigation strategies will need consider possible consequences promoting species, appropriate management responses be developed. The third address taxonomic impediment. ability detect evaluate risks compromised by growing deficit expertise, which cannot adequately compensated new molecular technologies alone. Management become increasingly challenging unless academia, industry, governments train employ personnel taxonomy systematics. Fourth, recommend that internationally cooperative bridgehead dispersal networks, organisms tend invade regions from locations where they have already established. Cooperation among countries eradicate or control established yield greater benefit than independent attempts individual exclude arriving establishing.

Language: Английский

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Disruption of an ant-plant mutualism shapes interactions between lions and their primary prey

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 383(6681), P. 433 - 438

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Mutualisms often define ecosystems, but they are susceptible to human activities. Combining experiments, animal tracking, and mortality investigations, we show that the invasive big-headed ant (

Language: Английский

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Interplay of biotic and abiotic factors shapes tree seedling growth and root-associated microbial communities

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: March 22, 2024

Abstract Root-associated microbes can alleviate plant abiotic stresses, thus potentially supporting adaptation to a changing climate or novel environments during range expansion. While change is extending species fundamental niches northward, the distribution and colonization of mutualists (e.g., arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) pathogens may constrain growth regeneration. Yet, degree which biotic factors impact performance associated microbial communities at edge their remains unclear. Here, we use root microscopy, coupled with amplicon sequencing, study bacterial, fungal, root-associated from sugar maple seedlings distributed across two temperate-to-boreal elevational gradients in southern Québec, Canada. Our findings demonstrate that soil pH, Ca, distance trees are key drivers communities, overshadowing influence elevation. Interestingly, changes fungal community composition mediate an indirect effect pH on seedling growth, pattern consistent both sites. Overall, our highlight complex role shaping tree-microbe interactions, turn correlated growth. These have important ramifications for tree expansion response shifting climatic niches.

Language: Английский

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