Framework and guidelines for implementing the proposed IUCN Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT)

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 21(11), P. 1360 - 1363

Published: Sept. 21, 2015

Abstract Recently, Blackburn et al . (2014) developed a simple, objective and transparent method for classifying alien taxa in terms of the magnitude their detrimental environmental impacts recipient areas. Here, we present comprehensive framework guidelines implementing this method, which term Environmental Impact Classification Alien Taxa, or EICAT. We detail criteria applying EICAT scheme consistent comparable fashion, prescribe supporting information that should be supplied along with classifications, describe process method. This comment aims to draw attention interested parties guidelines, them entirety location where they are freely accessible any potential users.

Language: Английский

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Biomass losses resulting from insect and disease invasions in US forests

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 116(35), P. 17371 - 17376

Published: Aug. 12, 2019

Worldwide, forests are increasingly affected by nonnative insects and diseases, some of which cause substantial tree mortality. Forests in the United States have been invaded a particularly large number (>450) tree-feeding pest species. While information exists about ecological impacts certain pests, region-wide assessments composite ecosystem all species limited. Here we analyze 92,978 forest plots distributed across conterminous to estimate biomass loss associated with elevated mortality rates caused 15 most damaging pests. We find that these combined an additional (i.e., above background levels) rate 5.53 TgC per year. Compensation, form increased growth recruitment nonhost species, was not detectable when measured entire ranges but does occur several decades following invasions. In addition, 41.1% total live is at risk future from These results indicate invasions, driven primarily globalization, represent huge US significant on carbon dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the dynamics in distribution of invasive alien plant species under predicted climate change in Western Himalaya

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. e0195752 - e0195752

Published: April 17, 2018

Invasive alien plant species (IAPS) can pose severe threats to biodiversity and stability of native ecosystems, therefore, predicting the distribution IAPS plays a crucial role in effective planning management ecosystems. In present study, we use Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modelling approach predict potential eleven under future climatic conditions RCP 2.6 8.5 part Kailash sacred landscape region Western Himalaya. Based on model predictions, most these invasive plants is expected expand scenarios, which might serious threat ecosystems through competition for resources study area. Native scrublands subtropical needle-leaved forests will be affected by expansion IAPS. The first its kind Sacred Landscape field predictions from our could help decision makers managing forest effectively.

Language: Английский

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Roots, rock, and regolith: Biomechanical and biochemical weathering by trees and its impact on hillslopes—A critical literature review

Earth-Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 159, P. 142 - 159

Published: June 11, 2016

Language: Английский

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Alien plant invasions and native plant extinctions: a six-threshold framework

AoB Plants, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Aug. 18, 2015

Biological invasions are widely acknowledged as a major threat to global biodiversity. Species from all taxonomic groups have become invasive. The range of impacts invasive taxa and the overall magnitude is increasing. Plants comprise biggest best-studied group species. There growing debate; however, regarding nature alien plant threat-in particular whether outcome likely be widespread extinction native debate has raised questions on posed by plants been overstated. We provide conceptual framework guide discussion this topic, in which considered context progression no impact through extinction. define six thresholds along 'extinction trajectory', being final threshold. Although there documented examples either 'in wild' (Threshold 5) or extinctions 6) that attributable solely invasions, evidence crossed breached other trajectory due associated with invasions. Several factors may masking where species trajectory; these include lack appropriate data accurately map position trajectory, timeframe required definitively state occurred management interventions. Such interventions, focussing mainly Thresholds 1-3 (a declining population local population), alter some critical issue for conservation managers trend, because interventions must implemented before occur. Thus does not mean we should disregard broader threat.

Language: Английский

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Mine land rehabilitation: Modern ecological approaches for more sustainable mining

Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 1409 - 1422

Published: Nov. 2, 2017

Language: Английский

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The Role of Symbiotic Microbes in Insect Invasions

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 487 - 505

Published: Sept. 20, 2016

The number of insect species transported to non-native regions is increasing, and, once established, these invasive insects have serious impacts on the environment and regional economies. Recent research highlights several cases invasions facilitated by symbiotic microbes. Symbioses impact biological invasions, but few reviews addressed role microbes in invasions. Focusing insect–microbial symbiosis, we show importance microbial symbionts determining pest status at levels, insect–plant–microbial other multispecific levels. Drawing examples from different ecosystems, review key mechanisms principles whereby facultative/mutualistic affect coevolve with insects. We propose a conceptual framework for assessing that promises improved risk analyses, spread modeling, management

Language: Английский

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A unified approach for quantifying invasibility and degree of invasion

Ecology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 96(10), P. 2613 - 2621

Published: May 11, 2015

Habitat invasibility is a central focus of invasion biology, with implications for basic ecological patterns and processes effective management. "Invasibility" is, however, one the most elusive metrics misused terms in ecology. Empirical studies meta-analyses have produced inconsistent even conflicting results. This lack consistency, subsequent difficulty making broad cross-habitat comparisons, stem part from (1) indiscriminant use closely related, but fundamentally different concept, that degree (DI) or level invasion; (2) common metrics, as illustrated by our review all invasibility-related papers published 2013. To facilitate both comparison more robust generalizations, we clarify definitions DI, first time propose metric quantifying based on habitat's resource availability inferred relative resident species richness biomass. We demonstrate feasibility using empirical data collected 2475 plots three forest ecosystems eastern United States. also similar DI. Our unified, resource-based are scaled 0 to 1, facilitating comparisons. proposed clearly distinguish DI each other, which will help advance ecology allowing testing generalizations invasive control

Language: Английский

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Exposure of Protected and Unprotected Forest to Plant Invasions in the Eastern United States

Forests, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 723 - 723

Published: Nov. 20, 2018

Research Highlights: We demonstrate a macroscale framework combining an invasibility model with forest inventory data, and evaluate regional exposure to harmful invasive plants under different types of protection. Background Objectives: Protected areas are fundamental component natural resource conservation. The protected forests can impede achievement conservation goals, the effectiveness protection for limiting invasions is uncertain. conducted assessment unprotected in eastern United States. Materials Methods: Invasibility (the probability that site has been invaded) was estimated 82,506 plots from landscape attributes. invaded area by using sample design scale up plot estimates all area. compared seven categories de facto (publicly owned) 13 ecological provinces. Results: estimate approximately 51% total exposed plants, including 30% forest, 38% 56% forest. Based on cumulative invasibility, relative depended assumed threshold. area, five least-exposed were wilderness (13% invaded), national park (18%), sustainable use (26%), nature reserve (31%), Federal land (36%). Of uninvaded only 15% 14% had Conclusions: Any better than none, public ownership alone as effective some formal Since most remaining unprotected, landscape-level management strategies will provide opportunities conserve it.

Language: Английский

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Biogeomorphology: Past, present and future

Geomorphology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 366, P. 106809 - 106809

Published: July 2, 2019

Language: Английский

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