Relevance of microbial symbiosis to insect behavior

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 39, P. 91 - 100

Published: March 20, 2020

Microbial symbiosis is widespread among insects. This article reviews our understanding of insect behaviors relevant to commensalistic and mutualistic microbial symbiosis, which has received relatively less attention compared in parasitic symbiosis. First, we review knowledge symbiont transmission by the host insects maintain associations with beneficial microorganisms over generations. Some that extracellularly harbor symbionts exhibit particularly sophisticated for vertical transmission. Next, highlight notable studies on behavioral changes induced infection. In last decade, a number have demonstrated or suggested infections affect their behaviors. Finally, future directions regarding these research topics are discussed.

Language: Английский

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Insecticide resistance by a host-symbiont reciprocal detoxification

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Nov. 5, 2021

Insecticide resistance is one of the most serious problems in contemporary agriculture and public health. Although recent studies revealed that insect gut symbionts contribute to resistance, symbiont-mediated detoxification process remains unclear. Here we report vivo an organophosphorus insecticide, fenitrothion, bean bug Riptortus pedestris. Using transcriptomics reverse genetics, reveal symbiotic bacteria degrade this insecticide through a horizontally acquired insecticide-degrading enzyme into non-insecticidal but bactericidal compound 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol, which subsequently excreted by host insect. This integrated "host-symbiont reciprocal relay" enables simultaneous maintenance symbiosis efficient degradation. We also find analogous genome-encoded fenitrothion system present other insects. Our findings highlight capacity symbiosis, combined with horizontal gene transfer environment, as powerful strategy for instantly eliminate toxic chemical compound, could play critical role human-pest arms race.

Language: Английский

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Diversity and Functional Roles of the Gut Microbiota in Lepidopteran Insects

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. 1234 - 1234

Published: June 16, 2022

Lepidopteran insects are one of the most widespread and speciose lineages on Earth, with many common pests beneficial insect species. The evolutionary success their diversification depends essential functions gut microorganisms. This diverse microbiota lepidopteran provides benefits in nutrition reproductive regulation plays an important role defence against pathogens, enhancing host immune homeostasis. In addition, symbionts have shown promising applications development novel tools for biological control, biodegradation waste, blocking transmission insect-borne diseases. Even though microbial unculturable, rapidly expanding catalogue genomes application modern genetic techniques offer a viable alternative studying these microbes. Here, we discuss structure diversity insects, as well advances understanding symbiotic relationships interactions between hosts symbionts. Furthermore, provide overview function microbiota, including metabolism, defence, potential mechanisms detoxification. Due to relevance agricultural production, it can be expected that research will used pest control protection future.

Language: Английский

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Trophic and symbiotic links between obligate-glacier water bears (Tardigrada) and cryoconite microorganisms

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. e0262039 - e0262039

Published: Jan. 12, 2022

Insights into biodiversity and trophic webs are important for understanding ecosystem functions. Although the surfaces of glaciers one most productive biologically diverse parts cryosphere, links between top consumers, their diet microbial communities poorly understood. In this study, first time we investigated relationships bacteria, fungi other microeukaryotes as they relate to tardigrades, microscopic metazoans that consumers in cryoconite, a rich biogenic sediment found on glacier surfaces. Using metabarcoding (16S rDNA ITS1 fungi, 18S microeukaryotes), analyzed community structures cryoconite compared them with both fully fed starved tardigrades. The structure each group (bacteria, microeukaryotes) were similar within host (cryoconite, tardigrades tardigrades), differed significantly groups, indicated by redundancy analyses. relative number operational taxonomic units (ZOTUs, OTUs) Shannon index Species indicator analysis highlighted taxa typical (potential commensals), like bacteria genera Staphylococcus Stenotrophomonas, well (likely part tardigrade diet; Flavobacterium sp., Preussia algae Trebouxiophyceae sp.). Tardigrades and, being hosts microbes, presence can enrich microbiome glaciers.

Language: Английский

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Burkholderia insecticola triggers midgut closure in the bean bug Riptortus pedestris to prevent secondary bacterial infections of midgut crypts

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1627 - 1638

Published: March 23, 2020

Language: Английский

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Chemical Mediators at the Bacterial-Fungal Interface

Annual Review of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 74(1), P. 267 - 290

Published: July 14, 2020

Interactions among microbes are key drivers of evolutionary progress and constantly shape ecological niches. Microorganisms rely on chemical communication to interact with each other surrounding organisms. They synthesize natural products as signaling molecules, antibiotics, or modulators cellular processes that may be applied in agriculture medicine. Whereas major insight has been gained into the principles intraspecies interaction, much less is known about molecular basis interspecies interplay. In this review, we summarize recent understanding chemically mediated bacterial-fungal interrelations. We discuss pairwise interactions defined species systems involving additional organisms well complex microbial communities encountered soil microbiota higher Finally, give examples how growing contributed drug discovery hypothesize what future directions studying engineering for agricultural medicinal purposes.

Language: Английский

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Dual oxidase enables insect gut symbiosis by mediating respiratory network formation

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(10)

Published: March 1, 2021

Significance The insect respiratory system consists of tubular tracheae that transport oxygen to the organs. We show that, in pest Riptortus pedestris , establishment an essential symbiosis gut with aerobic bacterial species Burkholderia insecticola triggers development extensive tracheal network enveloping gut. Genetically blocking trachea formation prevents this symbiosis. further discovered reactive species-generating enzyme Duox is crucial for and stabilization by forming protein cross-links matrix. Reactive generated can be scavenged antioxidants such as N-acetylcysteine, feeding insects compound symbiosis, suggesting used novel insecticides.

Language: Английский

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The plant-sucking insect selects assembly of the gut microbiota from environment to enhance host reproduction

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: July 30, 2024

Abstract Plant-sucking insects have intricate associations with a diverse array of microorganisms to facilitate their adaptation specific ecological niches. The midgut phytophagous true bugs is generally structured into four distinct compartments accommodate microbiota. Nevertheless, there limited understanding regarding the origins these gut microbiomes, mechanisms behind microbial community assembly, and interactions between microbiomes insect hosts. In this study, we conducted comprehensive survey communities within bean bug Riptortus pedestris , soybean plant, bulk soil across 12 geographical fields in China, utilizing high-throughput sequencing 16 S rRNA gene. Our findings illuminated that microbiota plant-sucking predominantly originated from surrounding environment, plants also play subordinate role mediating acquisition for insects. Furthermore, our investigation suggested composition microbiome was probably shaped by host selection and/or microbe-microbe at compartment level, marginal influence factors. Additionally, had unveiled noteworthy dynamic core bacterial taxa, particularly Burkholderia which were initially sourced environment subsequently enriched compartments. This enrichment played significant enhancing reproduction. These contribute evolving insect-plant-soil ecosystem, shedding additional light on underpin significance partnerships adaptation.

Language: Английский

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Bacteria associated with cockroaches: health risk or biotechnological opportunity?

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 104(24), P. 10369 - 10387

Published: Oct. 31, 2020

Cockroaches have existed for 300 million years and more than 4600 extant species been described. Throughout their evolution, cockroaches associated with bacteria, today Blattabacterium flourish within specialized bacteriocytes, recycling nitrogen from host waste products. can disseminate potentially pathogenic bacteria via feces other deposits, particularly members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, but also Staphylococcus Mycobacterium species, thus, they should be cleared sites where hygiene is essential, such as hospitals kitchens. On hand, carry that may produce metabolites or proteins potential industrial applications. For example, an antibiotic-producing Streptomyces strain was isolated gut American cockroach Periplaneta americana. Other cockroach-associated including not limited to Bacillus, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas bioactive suitable development pharmaceuticals plant protection Enzymes degrade industrially relevant substrates, convert biomasses into useful chemical precursors, are expressed in cockroach-derived could deployed use food/feed, paper, oil, cosmetics industries. The analysis microbiomes has revealed a number lesser-studied form basis novel taxonomic groups. Bacteria therefore dangerous useful, this review explores bacterial clades provide opportunities biotechnological exploitation. KEY POINTS: • Members Enterobacteriaceae most frequently cultivated cockroaches. Cultivation-independent studies diverse community, led by phyla Bacteroidetes Firmicutes. Although strains innocuous Graphical abstract.

Language: Английский

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Growing Ungrowable Bacteria: Overview and Perspectives on Insect Symbiont Culturability

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 84(4)

Published: Nov. 10, 2020

Insects are often involved in endosymbiosis, that is, the housing of symbiotic microbes within their tissues or cells. Endosymbionts a major driving force insects' evolution, because they dramatically affect host physiology and allow them to adapt new niches, for example, by complementing diet protecting against pathogens. Endosymbiotic bacteria are, however, fastidious therefore difficult manipulate outside hosts, especially intracellular species. The coevolution between hosts endosymbionts leads alterations genomes endosymbionts, limiting ability cope with changing environments. Consequently, few insect culturable vitro genetically tractable, making functional genetics studies impracticable on most endosymbiotic bacteria. However, recently, progress has been made manipulating several endosymbiont species vitro, leading astonishing discoveries way interact host. This review establishes comprehensive picture tractability addresses reason why not culturable. By compiling discussing latest developments design custom media genetic manipulation protocols, it aims at providing expand range tractable foster research these models.

Language: Английский

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